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61792
River Management
Description
Geography (Rivers) Mind Map on River Management, created by maddiemurchie23 on 29/04/2013.
No tags specified
geography
rivers
geography
rivers
Mind Map by
maddiemurchie23
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
maddiemurchie23
over 11 years ago
158
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Resource summary
River Management
Hard engineering
Dams and reservoirs
Huge walls built across rivers to store water
Aims to store water and control the discharge
Water is released at a steady flow throughout the year to prevent flooding from high levels of discharge
Levees
Increasing height of riverbanks and creating parallel riverbanks
Diversion channels
When the water level is too high the water is diverted elsewhere, often have gates
Channel straightening
Removal of meanders etc.
Velocity of the river increases due to efficiency increases
The water is moved out of the area as quickly as possible
Soft engineering
Land use management (floodplain zoning)
Limiting land use to allow natural flooding
Land used as a sponge to absorb discharge
Wetland and river bank conservation
Protecting existing river channels and valleys
Conserving wetlands and riverbanks provides natural protection
More interception = less discharge
Forecasts and warnings
Monitoring of weather to predict rainfall to give time to prepare for flooding
River restoration
Returning rivers back to their original state
Removal of any management methods to allow it to flood naturally upstream to prevent flooding downstream in towns
Soft engineering: case study
River Quaggy - Tributary of the River Thames
Flowing north
Source at Locksbottom
Large number of green space (unusual)
How was it managed?
Artificial channels and culverts underground
Widening and deepening was considered - QWAG didn't choose it because it aims to improve the local environment
What methods were used?
River was bought back to the surface by cutting a new channel
A new lake was created to take water when full
Holds 85,000 square metres
The park was lowered and shaped into a flood plain
Effects
Reduced risk of flooding to 600 homes and businesses
Created a diverse environment for wildlife
Land can't be built on
Cost of maintenance
Conflict - land is needed for affordable new buildings
Doesn't stop flooding overall
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