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7904169
Congestive Heart Failure
Description
Congestive heart failure Mind Map on Congestive Heart Failure, created by Lallise Maya on 01/03/2017.
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by lallise and fatima
congestive heart failure
Mind Map by
Lallise Maya
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Lallise Maya
over 7 years ago
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Resource summary
Congestive Heart Failure
Pathophysiology ( Nicholson, 2014; Casey, 2013)
Ventricular Failure
Systolic Failure
Cardiomyopathy
Inability of heart to pump blood
Impaired contractile function
Increased afterload (hypertension)
Mechanical abnormailites (valvular heart disease)
Diastolic failure
Decrease in stroke volume
High filling pressure
Venous engorement
In both pulmonary and systemic vascular systems
What is Congestive heart failure?
Causes of Heart failure (Casey, 2013 ; Lewis, 2014)
F
Faulty Heart Valves
A
Arrhythmias
I
Infarction - MI, CAD,
L
U
R
E
Evaders (viruses or infections) Myocarditis, Bacterial endocarditis
Rheumatic heart disease, Rupture of papillary muscle, recreational use (cocaine and alcohol)
Uncontrolled Hypertension
Lineage Congenital,
Types of Heart failure (Casey, 2013), (Lewis, 2014)
Right sided heart failure
Causes
Left sided failure
Cor pulmonaale
Right ventricular infarcation
Effects
backward blood flow to right atrium
Hepatomegaly
Jugular distension
Signs and symtoms
Peripheral edema, weight gain, ascites, JVD distension, nausea, anorexia
Left sided heart failure
Causes
Left ventricular dysfuncation
Effects
Blood back ups to the left atrium
Pulmonary congestion
Signs and symptoms
Fatigue, Dyspnea, Orthopnea, Dry hacking cough, Pulmonary edema, Nocturia, Paraoxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, LV hypertrophy, S3 & S4, crackles,
Risk factors (Nicholson, 2014; Riley, 2013)
Modifiable
Hypertension
Excessive alcohol consumption
Obesity
Diabetes
Non- Modifiable
65 years and older (DeFelice & Masucci , 2010)
Family history
Renal failure
Women
Africans
Diagnosis
NURSING DIAGNOSIS (Cavalcanti, & Pereira, 2014).
PAST AND CURRENTMEDICAL HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
ACTIVITY INTOLERANCE RELATED TO FATIQUE
EXCESS FLUID VOLUME AS EVIDENCE BY EDEMA
IMPAIRED GAS EXCHANGE RELATED INCREASE PRELOAD
ANXIENTY RELATED TO DYSPNEA OR PERCEIVE THREAT OF DEATH
MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS (DeFelice & Masucci, 2010)
CHEST XRAY
ECHOCARDIOGRAM
HEMODYNAMIC MONITORING
CARDIAC ENZYMES
12 LEAD ECG
EXERCISE STREE TEST
B-TYPE NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE TEST
Treatments
Pharmacologic (Riley, 2013; Nicholson, 2014; Casey, 2013)
Medications that decrease the load on heart
Diuretics
ARBS e.g losartan
Vasofilators
ACE inhibtors e.g ramipril
Aldosterone antagonist
Medications that increases the function of the heart
Calcium channel blocker
Beta Blockers e.g bisoprolol
Intotropics
Digoxin
Medications for pain managment
Morphine
Non- Pharmacologic (Casey, 2013; DeFelice & Masucci ,2010)
Decrease sodium restriction - (2-3 g) per day (Lewis, 2014)
Fluid restriction - 1.5-2 L per day
Excerise Conway, 2015)
Smoking cessation & Alcohol reduction if CHF is due to this (Fletcher, L., & Thomas, D. (2001)
surgery
ABG
Heart Transplant
Collaborative Care (Lewis, 2014)
Physicians
Cardiologists
Surgeons
Family doctors
Nursing Interventions (Chapa et al. ,2014; Nicholson, 2014; (McLaughlin, Hoy & Glackin, 2015)
Providing medications to alleviate symptoms
Fluid & Electrolyte mgt
Dietary education
Monitor daily weight
O2 theraphy
Decrease anxiety
Energy & rest mgt
Help plan end of l;ife care
Dietians provide education on required diet, fluid intake, sodium intake
Pharmacist
NURSING ASSESSMENTS (Nicholson, 2014)
SUBJECTIVE
Nausea, Vomiting, Orthopnea, cough, chest pain, fatique,constipation, anxiety (Chapa et al. ,2014; Nicholson, 2014)
OBJECTIVE
Peripheral edema,Abdominal distention,ascities, restlessness, confusion, hepatosplenomegaly, decrease memory loss (Riley, 2013 ; Lewis, 2014 ; DeFelice & Masucci, 2010)
Media attachments
156de809-0af2-48bd-bd81-e795d2bf4732 (image/jpeg)
Conegestive (binary/octet-stream)
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