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Herpes Viruses

Description

Infection Mind Map on Herpes Viruses, created by Pip Barton on 11/05/2013.
Pip Barton
Mind Map by Pip Barton, updated more than 1 year ago
Pip Barton
Created by Pip Barton over 11 years ago
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Resource summary

Herpes Viruses
  1. INTRO
    1. Herpesviridae
      1. Structure
        1. DNA core
          1. DS DNA
            1. Enters though nuclear pore
          2. Capsid
            1. Capsomeres
              1. Bind microtubules
                1. Transport to nucleas
              2. Tegument
                1. Viral enzymes
                2. Envelope
                  1. Glycoprotein spikes
                  2. Pro-capsid
                    1. VP5 pentons & hexons
                3. Infectious cycle
                  1. 1.Viral DNA enters nucleus and circularizes
                    1. 2. IE genes expressed via tegument VP16
                      1. 3. IE proteins activate E gene
                        1. 4. Transcription stimulates L genes
                          1. structural proteins
                          2. 5. DNA encapsidation
                            1. 6. Egress
                            2. Success strategies
                              1. Fast invasion
                                1. Inhibit host protein synth
                                  1. Viral DNA to nucleus
                                  2. Immune evasion
                                    1. Blocks antigen presentation
                                      1. Prevents apoptosis
                                      2. Latent persistance
                                        1. Lymphoma and CNS cells
                                          1. Chromatin organisation
                                            1. Express LAT
                                              1. Promotes heterochromatin formation
                                              2. VP16 in cytoplasm
                                                1. Virion transactivatin g protein
                                                  1. Usually suppresses heterochromatin
                                                  2. IE genes repressed
                                                    1. Intermediate early
                                                    2. HCF in cytoplasm
                                                      1. Host cell factor
                                                      2. Regulates gene expression
                                                  3. Main types
                                                    1. A.HSV-1
                                                      1. Symptoms
                                                        1. Genital herpes
                                                          1. 2-3d = itching/throbbing
                                                            1. blisters then scabbing
                                                              1. Triggers:
                                                                1. stress
                                                                  1. immune compromisation
                                                                    1. Complications
                                                                      1. Herpes encephalitis
                                                                        1. Blindness
                                                                          1. Convulsions
                                                                            1. Brain inflammation/oedma
                                                                            2. Neonatal herpes
                                                                              1. gingivostomatitis
                                                                                1. Cold sore like lesions in mouth
                                                                                2. Herpes keratitis
                                                                        2. Treatments
                                                                          1. Acyclovir
                                                                            1. guanine base anologue
                                                                              1. GTP
                                                                              2. specific to infected cells
                                                                                1. activated by viral thymidine kinase
                                                                              3. Pencyclovir
                                                                            2. B. Varicellar-zoster virus
                                                                              1. Primary infection
                                                                                1. Chicken pox
                                                                                  1. prodrome 1-3d
                                                                                    1. headache/malaise
                                                                                      1. Fever
                                                                                      2. Systemic infection
                                                                                        1. travels to skin
                                                                                          1. pustules
                                                                                        2. Complications
                                                                                          1. Pneumonia
                                                                                            1. Congenital
                                                                                              1. encephalitis
                                                                                                1. Reye's syndrome
                                                                                              2. Incubation
                                                                                              3. Vaccine
                                                                                                1. Varivax
                                                                                                  1. Attenuated virus
                                                                                              4. Reccurrent infection
                                                                                                1. Shingles
                                                                                                  1. symptoms
                                                                                                    1. blisters encircle trunk
                                                                                                      1. headaches
                                                                                                        1. facial paralysis
                                                                                                          1. Travels down spine
                                                                                                            1. Dermatomes
                                                                                                    2. C.EBV
                                                                                                      1. Infectious mononucleosis
                                                                                                        1. symptoms
                                                                                                          1. fever
                                                                                                            1. sore throat
                                                                                                              1. enlarged lymph nodes/splene
                                                                                                              2. Diagnosis
                                                                                                                1. mononuclear cells
                                                                                                                  1. increased lymphoctes
                                                                                                                    1. Anti-EBV antibodies
                                                                                                                      1. Paul-Bunnel test
                                                                                                                    2. Burkitts lymphoma
                                                                                                                      1. B cell tumor
                                                                                                                        1. EBV DNA present
                                                                                                                        2. Treatment
                                                                                                                          1. cyclophosphamide
                                                                                                                          2. Plasmodium faciparum
                                                                                                                            1. Drives Th2 response
                                                                                                                              1. infected B cell prolif.
                                                                                                                                1. benefits EBV
                                                                                                                                2. IL-10
                                                                                                                              2. EBV induces
                                                                                                                                1. c-myc translocation 8;14
                                                                                                                                  1. proto-oncogene proximity to IgH promotor
                                                                                                                                  2. BIM repression
                                                                                                                                    1. BIM = pro-aptotic
                                                                                                                                2. Life cycle
                                                                                                                                  1. 1.saliva
                                                                                                                                    1. 2. infects naive B cells
                                                                                                                                      1. Drive B cell prolif. in GC
                                                                                                                                        1. LAT genes expressed
                                                                                                                                      2. 3.terminal differentiation to plasma cells
                                                                                                                                    2. D.CMV
                                                                                                                                      1. Similar to EBV
                                                                                                                                        1. Latent in salivary glands and kidney
                                                                                                                                          1. congenital complications
                                                                                                                                            1. ie. immunocompromised
                                                                                                                                          2. E.HHV-8
                                                                                                                                            1. Kaposi sarcoma
                                                                                                                                              1. common in AIDS
                                                                                                                                                1. severe due to immune status
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