83079
osmosis
- the net movement of water from a dilute solution to
a more concentrated solution through a
partially-permeable membrane
- the partially peremeable membrane
- Eg: water particles can move through pores in
membrane but sugar particles (big) cant move
through
- allows water
molecules through
- stops solute molecules
because they are too large
- Eg: water particles can move through pores in
membrane but sugar particles (big) cant move
through
- the partially peremeable membrane
- red blood cell in dilute solution - the cell would burst
- red blood cell in concentrated solution - cell would shrink
- in a plant the cell would swell in dilute
solution but not burst as it has a cell wall for
protection
- in a plant the cell would swell in dilute
solution but not burst as it has a cell wall for
protection
- red blood cell in concentrated solution - cell would shrink
- Active transport
- root hair cells have large surface area
- cells need to transport
substances in and out
- (in) eg oxygen by diffusion for
respiration from an area where
theres a high concentration to
lower concentration down a
concentration gradient
- eg water by osmosis( can be in or out
depending on concenration of the solutions
inside and outside of the cell
- eg water by osmosis( can be in or out
depending on concenration of the solutions
inside and outside of the cell
- (in) glucose for respiration can go in by
diffusion but we need active transport
which requires energy ( can be moving
against a concentration gradient )
- (in) eg oxygen by diffusion for
respiration from an area where
theres a high concentration to
lower concentration down a
concentration gradient
- The movement of particles/ions/molecules
from an area of low concentration to an
area of high concentration (against a
concentraion gradient) energy from
respiration is required
- substances are sometimes absorbed against a
concentration gradient - in the opposite direction to
normal disrtibution
- This requires energy from respiration.known
as active transport
- This requires energy from respiration.known
as active transport
- substances are sometimes absorbed against a
concentration gradient - in the opposite direction to
normal disrtibution
- allows cells to absorb sugar
ions that pass through cell
membranes from very dilute
solutions
- plants absorb ions
from very dilute
solutions in the soil by
active transport
- in humans,sugar can be
absorbed from the
intestine and from the
kidney tubules by active
transport
- plants absorb ions
from very dilute
solutions in the soil by
active transport
- root hair cells have large surface area
- concentration gradient is the region where
the concenration of a substance varies
from higher to lower
- eg water moves from the soil into the plantsa
root hair cells by osmosis along a concentration
gradient
- eg water moves from the soil into the plantsa
root hair cells by osmosis along a concentration
gradient
- cell membrane controls particles that pass through
as they have speacialised molecules to allow certain
substnces through
- sports drinks
- blood sugar (glucose) needed for respiration
that releases energy
- sweat - lose lots of water and
mineral ions like sodium and
potassium . if there are not
enough mineral ion the cells work
inefficiently
- the sugar used
to relase energy
during exerise
- sweat - lose lots of water and
mineral ions like sodium and
potassium . if there are not
enough mineral ion the cells work
inefficiently
- sports drinks can replace water, mineral ions and sugar
- blood sugar (glucose) needed for respiration
that releases energy
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