Bryophyta

1. Lacks true roots,stems and leaves
   1. Does not posses vascular tissue

      Annotations:

      • reliance on turgor  remain relatively small

Annotations:

• the dominent phase is the gametophyte.(haploid plant)

1. GAMETOPHYTE
   1. Grows from a spore

1. Protonema
   1. Gametophyte
      1. Leaf like structures
         1. One cell thick

            Annotations:

            • only one cell thick to increase surface area for photosynthesis.
         2. supported by stem like structures
         3. rhizoids act as anchors

            Annotations:

            • a group of fine multicellular filaments often obtain water and mineral ions. however they are small so do not penetrate the soil deeply. mosses need to stay in damp areas.
      2. lacks cuticule
         1. require a moist enviroment
      3. Gametangia develop
         1. antheridia: sperm

            Annotations:

            • sperm - antherozoids
         2. archegonia: egg

            Annotations:

            • egg - ova
         3. sporophyte
            1. develops from zygote

               Annotations:

               • zygote - fertilised egg
            2. consists of seta and sporangium
               1. stalk and capsule
               2. contains spores
            3. totally dependent on gametophyte
            4. no free living sporophytes
            5. possesses a cuticle and stomata