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853873
Takahashi (1990): Cross-cultural variations
Description
A-Levels Psychology A-Level AQA A (Unit 1 Attachment and early social development) Mind Map on Takahashi (1990): Cross-cultural variations, created by moeingthelawn on 10/05/2014.
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psychology a-level aqa a
unit 1 attachment and early social development
a-levels
Mind Map by
moeingthelawn
, updated more than 1 year ago
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moeingthelawn
over 10 years ago
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Resource summary
Takahashi (1990): Cross-cultural variations
AIMS
To consider whether it is appropriate to use the Strange Situation with Japanese children
Is the Strange Situation a valid procedure for cultures other than the original one?
PROCEDURES
60 middle-class Japanese infants and their mothers
All infants were raised at home
FINDINGS
68% of infants securely attached
32% resistant-insecure
No infants were avoidant-insecure
Japanese infants much more disturbed when left alone
'infant alone' step stopped for 90% of PPs due to extreme distress experienced by infants
CONCLUSIONS
There are cross-cultural variations in infants' response to separation
Japanese infants experience much less separation
Strange Situation was more than mildly stressful for Japanese infants than American infants
Total lack of avoidant-insecure behaviour may be due to cultural terms
Japanese children are taught that such behaviour is impolite and are actively discourages from such behaviour
Strange Situation may not be a valid form of assessment of attachment for some cultures
EVALUATION
Study had limited sample of only middle-class, home-reared infants
Cannot generalize findings to all Japanese infants
Demonstrates that there are important cultural and subcultural differences in attachment
Ethical issues
Infants experienced extreme distress, which was not the intention of the study
Ethical guideline: PPs must be protected from psychological harm as much as possible
Takahashi did stop observations when infants became too distressed
However, the whole study itself was not stopped even if extreme distress was very likely to happen
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