8788972
Description
Mind Map by Matthew Seddon, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Matthew Seddon
over 7 years ago
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Pearson BTEC Level 3 Health and Social Care
- Human Lifespan Development: Factors
affecting human growth and development
- The nature debate
- Nature refers to genetic
inheritance and biological factors
- Certain physical characteristics are biologically
determined by genetic inheritance
- Eye colour,
straight/curly hair etc.
- Bowlby's theory of attachment is a biological
perspective of development (nature)
- Explains the bond between mother (usually)
and child as being an innate process
- Explains the bond between mother (usually)
and child as being an innate process
- Chomsky's proposal that language is developed
through the use of an innate language
acquisition device comes from a biological
perspective
- Eye colour,
straight/curly hair etc.
- Characteristics and
differences not observed at
birth but emerge later in life
are referred to as maturation
- Certain physical characteristics are biologically
determined by genetic inheritance
- Development as a result of
genetic or inherited factors
- Gesell's maturation theory
- Was interested in children's
biological maturation
- In the 1940's - 1950's he developed a new methodology or
normative approach to researching child development
- In the 1940's - 1950's he developed a new methodology or
normative approach to researching child development
- Observation of large numbers of children to find the skills
and abilities that most children had in each age group
- Found that each child moved through
the sequence at their own pace
- Concluded that development was pre-determined
and that the environment had little influence
- If a child experiences delayed development then the problem
is heredity rather than caused by environmental consequences
- If a child experiences delayed development then the problem
is heredity rather than caused by environmental consequences
- Found that each child moved through
the sequence at their own pace
- His findings were used to
establish 'norms' or milestones
for each developmental aspect
- Helpful to educators and parents today
to measure a child's development and
recognise developmental delay
- Helpful to educators and parents today
to measure a child's development and
recognise developmental delay
- Critics of Gesell suggest maturation theory is not
helpful in explaining individual or cultural
differences or for children with learning difficulties
- Was interested in children's
biological maturation
- Gesell's maturation theory
- Nature refers to genetic
inheritance and biological factors
- The nurture debate
- Nurture refers to external influences on development,
like the environment or social influences
- Development as a result of
environmental factors
- Bandura's social learning theory
- Based on observations of learning
occurring through observing others
- Based his theory on a famous
experiment using a Bobo doll
- He demonstrated that children learn and copy aggressive
behaviour by observing adults behaving aggressively
- Importance of modelling appropriate
behaviours is recognised by many
teachers and parents
- He demonstrated that children learn and copy aggressive
behaviour by observing adults behaving aggressively
- Based his theory on a famous
experiment using a Bobo doll
- Children can copy unwanted
behaviours, e.g. hitting
- Suggested there were four stages
of behavioural learning
- 1) Child notices the behaviour of another person, usually
somebody close to them or someone they admire
- 2) Child 'internalises' the action by
remembering what they have observed
- 3) May not copy it straight away, they will
reproduce the behaviour when opportunity occurs
- 4) Depending on positive or negative outcome the
child will either repeat the behaviour or desist
- 4) Depending on positive or negative outcome the
child will either repeat the behaviour or desist
- 3) May not copy it straight away, they will
reproduce the behaviour when opportunity occurs
- 2) Child 'internalises' the action by
remembering what they have observed
- 1) Child notices the behaviour of another person, usually
somebody close to them or someone they admire
- Based on observations of learning
occurring through observing others
- Bandura's social learning theory
- Nurture refers to external influences on development,
like the environment or social influences
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