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Zahraa Salman
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Revision mindmap for Biology . Includes pathogen info and diet and exercise info.

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Josh Anderson
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Zahraa Salman
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Biology - B1 - AQA - GCSE - Keeping Healthy and Defending Against Infection

Meat, fish,eggs andcheese.Growth and Repair - Building cells.ProteinsCheese,butter,margarineand oils.A source of energy.Cell membranes andinsulating the body.FatsPotatoes,pasta, bread,bananas,sugar and rice.A source of energy.CarbohydratesMineral IonsVitaminsFood GroupsToo little vitamin D ---> Rickets(Affects growth of skeleton)Poor diets can lead todeficiency diseases.The speed at which chemicalreactions take place in the body.AgeSexInheritedfactorsMuscle:FatproportionAmountofphysicalactivityAffected by:Metabolic rateDiet and ExerciseMultiply rapidly in warm andmoist conditions.Microscopic.Living cells.When they enter the body,they release toxins thatmake humans feel ill.BacteriaLarger fungi include mouldsand mushroomsFungiEventually, burst open host cell.Damage cells whilst doing so.Reproduce inside host cells.Genetic material inside acoat of protein.Passed through bloodstream.VirusesDisease-Causing MicrobePathogensDO NOT SAY "EATS PATHOGENS"Ingest pathogensBind topathogens anddamage/destroy.Coat pathogensto make themeasier to ingest.Specific antibodiesfit specific antigens.Produce antibodies todestroy pathogensProduce antitoxins tocounter the toxinproduced by pathogensWhite Blood CellsPathogens are not the disease, they CAUSE the disease.White blood cells do noteat pathogens, theyINGEST pathogens.Antibodies and antitoxinsare not living, they areSPECIALISED PROTEINS.NOTEBacteria can be resistantto vaccination.Works againstbacteria - NOTVIRUSESContains weak/deadpathogens to make iteasy for the white bloodcells to deal with them.VaccinationDefending AgainstInfectionBiology - B1 - AQA - GCSE - Keeping Healthy and Defending Against InfectionDouble click this nodeto edit the textClick and drag this buttonto create a new node