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4479247
Biology - B1 - AQA - GCSE - Keeping Healthy and Defending Against Infection
Description
Revision mindmap for Biology . Includes pathogen info and diet and exercise info.
No tags specified
biology
gcse
gcse biology
science
gcse science
keeping healthy
diet and exercise
diet
exercise
defending against infection
infection
disease
pathogens
diets
vitamins
science
biology b1 gcse
gcse
Mind Map by
Josh Anderson
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Josh Anderson
over 8 years ago
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Resource summary
Biology - B1 - AQA - GCSE - Keeping Healthy and Defending Against Infection
Diet and Exercise
Food Groups
Proteins
Meat, fish, eggs and cheese.
Growth and Repair - Building cells.
Fats
Cheese, butter, margarine and oils.
A source of energy. Cell membranes and insulating the body.
Carbohydrates
Potatoes, pasta, bread, bananas, sugar and rice.
A source of energy.
Mineral Ions
Vitamins
Poor diets can lead to deficiency diseases.
Too little vitamin D ---> Rickets (Affects growth of skeleton)
Metabolic rate
The speed at which chemical reactions take place in the body.
Affected by:
Age
Sex
Inherited factors
Muscle:Fat proportion
Amount of physical activity
Defending Against Infection
Pathogens
Bacteria
Multiply rapidly in warm and moist conditions.
Microscopic.
Living cells.
When they enter the body, they release toxins that make humans feel ill.
Fungi
Larger fungi include moulds and mushrooms
Viruses
Reproduce inside host cells.
Damage cells whilst doing so.
Eventually, burst open host cell.
Genetic material inside a coat of protein.
Passed through bloodstream.
Disease-Causing Microbe
White Blood Cells
Ingest pathogens
DO NOT SAY "EATS PATHOGENS"
Produce antibodies to destroy pathogens
Bind to pathogens and damage/destroy.
Coat pathogens to make them easier to ingest.
Specific antibodies fit specific antigens.
Produce antitoxins to counter the toxin produced by pathogens
NOTE
Pathogens are not the disease, they CAUSE the disease.
White blood cells do not eat pathogens, they INGEST pathogens.
Antibodies and antitoxins are not living, they are SPECIALISED PROTEINS.
Vaccination
Works against bacteria - NOT VIRUSES
Bacteria can be resistant to vaccination.
Contains weak/dead pathogens to make it easy for the white blood cells to deal with them.
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