15549219
Question 1
Question
The two main clades of Osteichthyes are Actinopterygii and Elasmobranchii.
Answer
- True
- False
Question 2
Question
Actinopterygii are [blank_start]ray-finned[blank_end] fishes, and Sarcopterygii are [blank_start]lobe-finned[blank_end] fishes.
Answer
-
ray-finned
-
lobe-finned
-
ray-finned
-
lobe-finned
Question 3
Question
Which of these are traits of Osteichthyes?
Answer
-
teeth embedded in dermal margin mouth bones
-
teeth connected to mouth bones by collagen
-
dermal bones extend into roof of mouth to cover palate
-
Gas containing structure used for buoyancy
-
Oily liver used for buoyancy
Question 4
Question
In Osteichthyes, asymmetrical fin skeleton is an ancestral trait.
Answer
- True
- False
Question 5
Question
Early forms of Osteichthyes had [blank_start]thick[blank_end] scales, while modern Osteichthyes have [blank_start]thin[blank_end] scales
Answer
-
thick
-
thin
-
thick
-
thin
Question 6
Question
Actinopterygian scales: [blank_start]enamel[blank_end] ([blank_start]ganoine[blank_end])
Sarcopterygian scales: [blank_start]dentine-like layer[blank_end] ([blank_start]cosmine[blank_end])
Answer
-
enamel
-
ganoine
-
dentine-like layer
-
cosmine
Question 7
Question
Compare the Skulls of the following:
[blank_start]basal Actinopterygian[blank_end]: complete dermal skull roof and no mobility of upper jaw
[blank_start]Sarcopterygian[blank_end]: complete dermal bone of skull
[blank_start]derived actinopterygian[blank_end]: reduced # dermal bones in skull, greater mobility marginal mouth bones of upper jaw, maxillae and premaxillae
Answer
-
basal Actinopterygian
-
Sarcopterygian
-
derived actinopterygian
Question 8
Question
[blank_start]Actinopterygian[blank_end] brains develop by eversion, folding cerebral hemispheres [blank_start]outward[blank_end].
[blank_start]Sarcopterygian[blank_end] brains develop by cerebral hemispheres folding [blank_start]inward[blank_end] on themselves (as in Humans)
Answer
-
Actinopterygian
-
Sarcopterygian
-
outward
-
inward
-
Sarcopterygian
-
Actinopterygian
-
inward
-
outward
Question 9
Question
Early Sarcopterygii were [blank_start]cylindrical[blank_end] and [blank_start]20-70[blank_end] cm long. They had [blank_start]two[blank_end] dorsal fins and a distinct upper lobe on the [blank_start]heterocercal[blank_end] caudal fin. They were most diverse during the [blank_start]Paleozoic[blank_end].
Answer
-
cylindrical
-
compressiform
-
20-70
-
40-90
-
10-50
-
elongate
-
two
-
one
-
heterocercal
-
lunate
-
Paleozoic
-
Mesozoic
-
Cenozoic
Question 10
Question
The three major lineages of Sarcopterygii are:
Answer
-
Acinistia
-
Dipnoi
-
Tetrapodomorpha
-
Bodianus
-
Cephalopholis
Question 11
Question
Actinistia are also known as:
Answer
-
coelacanths
-
lungfishes
-
four-footed fish
Question 12
Question
What are the two derived characters of Actinistia?
Answer
-
dorsal fin that is supported by a plate of bone but lack an internal lob
-
symmetrical three-lobed tail with contral fleshy lob that ends in fringe of rays
-
Loss of tooth bearing dermal bones
-
fin skeleton
Question 13
Question
Coelacanths (Actinistia) have a vestigial lung.
Answer
- True
- False
Question 14
Question
What are the derived characters of Dipnoi?
Answer
-
Loss of tooth bearing dermal bones
-
Fusion of palatoquadrate to cranium
-
teeth scattered over dermal bones
-
Symmetrical three-lobed tail with central flesy lob that ends in fringe of rays
Question 15
Question
Actinistia is the largest genome among vertebrates.
Answer
- True
- False
Question 16
Question
Dipnoans retained paired lungs.
Answer
- True
- False
Question 17
Question
There is currently one extant species of Tetrapodomorpha fish.
Answer
- True
- False
Question 18
Question
What are the derived characters of Tetrapodomorpha?
Answer
-
Fin skeleton
-
Choanae
-
fusion of palatoquadrate to cranium
-
loss of tooth-bearing dermal bones
Question 19
Question
Choanae are...
Answer
-
internal nostrils
-
fin skeletons
-
retained paired lungs
-
fat-filled vestigial lungs
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