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The Rock Cycle

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Quiz on The Rock Cycle, created by Amanda Valentine on 14/11/2014.
Amanda Valentine
Quiz by Amanda Valentine, updated more than 1 year ago
Amanda Valentine
Created by Amanda Valentine about 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Pieces of solid material that have been deposited on Earth's surface by wind, water, ice, gravity, or chemical precipitation.
Answer
  • Minerals
  • Elements
  • Sediments
  • Sand

Question 2

Question
What is weathering?
Answer
  • Physical and chemical processes that break up rock.
  • When sediments are laid down on the ground after movement.

Question 3

Question
What is deposition?
Answer
  • When sediments are laid down on the ground after movement.
  • Physical and chemical processes that break up rock.

Question 4

Question
The process of weathering that causes weak minerals to break down and the strong minerals to separate from the weak.
Answer
  • Chemical weathering.
  • Physical weathering.

Question 5

Question
The weathering process that causes rocks to break along fractures or boundaries.
Answer
  • Physical weathering.
  • Chemical weathering.

Question 6

Question
A sedimentary rock and mineral fragment produced by weathering.
Answer
  • Erosion
  • Organic
  • Clastic

Question 7

Question
Erosion is the removal and movement of surface materials from place to place.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 8

Question
The main forms of erosion are:
Answer
  • Wind
  • Water
  • Gravity
  • Season change
  • Heat from the sun
  • Glaciers
  • Plants

Question 9

Question
Faster moving water affects deposition in what way?
Answer
  • The water can transport larger particles and cause layers.
  • The speed of the water causes the carried minerals to be pushed to the banks.

Question 10

Question
Areas on the Earth where most sediments are deposited.
Answer
  • Valleys
  • Rivers
  • Sedimentary basins

Question 11

Question
Lithification is the process when pressure and temperature from the bottom of a sedimentary basin began to compact sediments into sedimentary rock.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
What substance maintains open spaces during lithification?
Answer
  • Sand
  • All types of gems
  • Olivine

Question 13

Question
In Question 12, you were asked what mineral maintains open spaces during lithification. What can be found in these spaces?
Answer
  • Ground water
  • Oil
  • Natural Gases

Question 14

Question
Earth's crust's temperatures increase at about 30*C per kilometer.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
What process forms sedimentary rock when mineral grains are stuck together into the rock?
Answer
  • Liquifaction
  • Bedding
  • Cementation

Question 16

Question
What is type one cementation?
Answer
  • A new mineral grows between grains as dissolved mineral precipitate out of groundwater.
  • Grains grow in size because the same minerals precipitate from groundwater and crystallize around them.

Question 17

Question
What is type 2 cementation?
Answer
  • Grains grow in size because the same minerals precipitate from groundwater and crystallize around them.
  • A new mineral grows between grains as dissolved mineral precipitate out of groundwater.

Question 18

Question
The primary feature of sedimentary rocks.
Answer
  • Lithification
  • Bedding
  • Parallel crystals

Question 19

Question
Graded bedding is when inclined layers of sediment move forward across a horizontal.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
Graded bedding is when the particles are gradually heavier and coarser towards the bottom.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
The most well-known feature of sedimentary rock.
Answer
  • Fossils
  • Bedding

Question 22

Question
Parts of organisms cannot be replaced by minerals during lithification.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
How are clastic sedimentary rocks formed?
Answer
  • The deposits of loose sediments
  • The remains of dead organisms
  • Minerals remains from magma

Question 24

Question
What is porosity?
Answer
  • The holes on a rock once it is formed
  • The percentage of open spaces between grains
  • How easily a rock can break apart

Question 25

Question
What rocks form from the minerals left behind after evaporation?
Answer
  • Chemical Sedimentary
  • Evaporites
  • Clastic Sedimentary

Question 26

Question
Evaporites are the layers of chemical sedimentary rocks that form as a result of precipitation from a supersaturated solution.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
What are the 3 most common evaporites?
Answer
  • Coal
  • Calcite
  • Halite
  • Amethyst
  • Gypsum

Question 28

Question
What rock is formed from the remains of dead organisms?
Answer
  • Organic Sedimentary
  • Fossils
  • Porphyroblasts

Question 29

Question
What are some primary uses of sedimentary rocks?
Answer
  • Fossil finding
  • Determining past geography
  • Construction because of their sturdiness

Question 30

Question
What changes occur when a rock becomes a metamorphic rock?
Answer
  • Texture change
  • Mineralogy change
  • Deposition
  • Cementation
  • Chemical composition change
  • Does not melt during change
  • Does melt during change

Question 31

Question
Where is the pressure for metamorphism found?
Answer
  • Radioactivity from the core
  • Weight of overlying rock
  • Compressive forces from deforming rock
  • Special, human designed machines

Question 32

Question
Temperature for metamorphism is derived from the sun
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 33

Question
Grade is dependent on pressure, temperature, and depth.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 34

Question
Regional Metamorphism occurs when high temperature and pressure affect large regions of Earth's crust. What level grades can this include?
Answer
  • High
  • Intermediate
  • Low

Question 35

Question
How are regional belts divided/classified?
Answer
  • By location
  • By distance from the equator
  • By mineral groups found in the rocks

Question 36

Question
Contact metamorphism is when molten rocks collide with a larger mass of molten rocks and come together.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 37

Question
Where are minerals that crystallize at high temperatures found [in relation to an intrusion]?
Answer
  • Close to the intrusion
  • Far from the intrusion

Question 38

Question
What metamorphism is the result of very hot water reacting with rock and altering its chemistry and mineralogy?
Answer
  • Hydrothermal
  • Clastic
  • Pressure

Question 39

Question
Minerals in wavy layers and bands that line up due to pressure are...
Answer
  • Foliated
  • Nonfoliated

Question 40

Question
Minerals that form blocky crystal shapes are...
Answer
  • Foliated
  • Nonfoliated

Question 41

Question
Porphyroblasts are
Answer
  • Minerals that grow large while the surrounding minerals remain small
  • Minerals that remain small while the surrounding minerals grow large

Question 42

Question
What might change a rock compositionally?
Answer
  • Weather
  • Breaking up
  • Hot fluids

Question 43

Question
When water freezes in an open space in a rock and breaks it, what is the phenomenon called?
Answer
  • Frost wedging
  • Cold breakage
  • Cracking

Question 44

Question
The biggest cause of erosion are glaciers.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 45

Question
How does lithification begin?
Answer
  • Compaction
  • Deposition
  • Cementation
  • Water pressure

Question 46

Question
How can sedimentary rocks be energy sources?
Answer
  • Coal
  • Oil
  • Gas
  • Uranium
  • Construction

Question 47

Question
Hydrothermal Metamorphism can form
Answer
  • Gold
  • Copper
  • Amethyst
  • Silver
  • Tungsten
  • Cement
  • Lead

Question 48

Question
The three types of metamorphism are regional, contact, and dynamic.
Answer
  • True
  • False
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