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Exam Two Bio

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Biology 1002 Quiz on Exam Two Bio, created by Emma Berghoefer on 19/04/2019.
Emma Berghoefer
Quiz by Emma Berghoefer, updated more than 1 year ago
Emma Berghoefer
Created by Emma Berghoefer over 5 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Blood sugar is regulated by two hormones released from the pancreas. These hormones, insulin and glucagon, have antagonistic expression. Which of the following is true about insulin and glucagon?
Answer
  • A.When one hormone is elevated, the other is low
  • B. insulin is typically released following a period of not eating so that you can have some sugar for energy
  • C. glucagon, when released, promotes the uptake of glucose and other sugars into storage cells
  • A and B
  • A and C

Question 2

Question
Suppose you are a Calcium ion in the soil and the plant nearby depends on you for some of its signal transduction properties. After hanging around in the soil for a while, you want to find your way into the xylem of the plant. Upon encountering the root hair, you stumble upon a lot of cellulose and migrate along what seems like an easy route to the xylem until you encounter this impenetrable obstacle. Which choice below describes this scenario best?
Answer
  • You, the calcium ion, found your way into the apoplastic route and have just encountered the vascular cambium and cannot cross into the xylem
  • you, the calcium ion, found your way into the symplastic route and after crossing through several plasmodesmata realized you can't enter the xylem since you are a positively charged ion and can't cross cell membranes
  • you, the calcium ion, found your way into the apoplastic route and have just encountered the casparian strip. In order to get into the xylem, you must cross the plasma membrane of that endodermal cell.
  • You, the calcium ion, found your way into the symplastic route but encountered a dead tracked and it's lignified walls are keeping you out.

Question 3

Question
Probably the most significant drawback to GMO's is...
Answer
  • Food made with GMO's can readily make people sick
  • The possibility of utilizing GMO's can readily make people sick
  • the possibility of utilizing GMO's for biofuels
  • The potential for the growth of superweeds
  • they cause allergies

Question 4

Question
Mutant plants have been isolated whose embryo sacs develop without polar nuclei. What would be the consequences of this mutation?
Answer
  • This plant would not be able to make male gametophytes
  • this plant's female gametophyte would not survive
  • upon fertilization, the zygote would be without nourishment and likely not survive
  • development would be slowed but still successful as long as a fruit and seed coat are still there
  • the megasporangium would not be able to do meiosis

Question 5

Question
Fruits are ovaries
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
This simplified figure of circles inside circles represents...
Image:
Img 0456 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Primary growth in woody plants
  • Secondary growth in woody plants
  • both primary and secondary growth in woody plants
  • primary growth of just shoots in woody plants
  • primary growth of just roots in woody plants

Question 7

Question
Of the layers of cells listed in the figure, which are INCORRECTLY matched with their corresponding tissue type?
Image:
Img 0456 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Secondary xylem-vascular tissue
  • pith- ground tissue
  • epidermis- dermal tissue
  • cortex- vascular tissue
  • secondary phloem- vascular tissue

Question 8

Question
In general, plants don't get metastatic (means that it spreads) cancer because the cells do not move around. However, plants can get large tumors that resemble cancer. knowing what you know about how cancer works, which cell layer, if "cancerous" would grow a tumor fastest?
Image:
Img 0456 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Epidermis
  • Cortex
  • Vascular Cambium
  • Secondary xylem
  • pith

Question 9

Question
We discussed several mechanisms of negative and positive feedback during this unit. Which of the following are correctly matched?
Answer
  • A. oxytocin's control of labor contractions- positive feedback
  • B. ethylene's role in fruit ripening- positive feedback
  • C. Thyroid hormone's role in turning it's own secretion on/off- negative feedback
  • A and C
  • A, B and C

Question 10

Question
Your evil roommate hates the color green and decides to paint all of the leaves of your plant with a black paint that doesn't allow light through, What type of cell is primarily affected?
Answer
  • Collenchyma
  • Parenchyma
  • xylem cells
  • sclerenchyma
  • companion cells

Question 11

Question
A plant seed...
Answer
  • includes the zygotes and endosperm
  • includes the zygote, endosperm and ovary
  • includes the zygote, endosperm and seed coat
  • includes the zygote and seed coat
  • includes the endosperm and seed coat

Question 12

Question
This anterior pituitary hormone promotes growth of bone, muscles and tissues
Answer
  • Growth hormone
  • aldosterone
  • antidiuretic hormone
  • glucagon
  • oxytocin

Question 13

Question
water pulled into the plant from a root cell could be found in which parts of the plant
Image:
Img 0457 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • any of the above

Question 14

Question
In which compartment would you find active photosynthesis happening?
Image:
Img 0457 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • 1 and 2
  • 3 only
  • 4 only
  • 3 and 4
  • 2, 3 and 4

Question 15

Question
The weather outside over the past week has been dry and sunny, but the owner of the sunflower in the figure above is making sure to water the flower daily. Which of the following would be true under these conditions?
Image:
Img 0457 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Transport in compartments 1 and 2 would be faster and happening more often than normal over the past week
  • Transport in compartments 1 and 2 would be slower and happening less often than normal over the past week
  • increasing water potential would be driving transpiration at a higher rate than usual
  • bulk flow would slow due to the lack of rainfall
  • compartment cells would be releasing more O2 than usual

Question 16

Question
This annoying kid in your chem lab says he is going to solve the problem of world hunger by eliminating bacteria in the soil so that plants will be healthier. What is/are the problem(s) with that statement?
Answer
  • Bacteria form mycorrhizae with plant roots, providing them with additional absorptive power in the soil
  • bacteria in the soil perform nitrogen fixation, providing plants with the nitrogen they need to carry out cellular processes
  • bacteria in the soil cross the apoplastic route and will not be allowed to enter the plant due to the impenetrable ground tissue
  • bacteria form symbiotic relationships with the plant and provide it with the carbohydrates necessary for it to grow
  • bacteria do all of the above! that annoying kid is so annoying!

Question 17

Question
You are taking care of your crazy botanist neighbor's mutated plant over the weekend. You notice that this plant is oddly flexible and lacks the rigid support that you observe in other plants. Which plant cell type might be low functioning or not functioning at all in this mutant plant?
Answer
  • Collenchyma
  • Parenchyma
  • Sclerenchyma
  • Tracheids
  • Companion cells

Question 18

Question
A molecule of oxytocin is circulating around in your blood stream. You receive flowers from your mom for Valentine's Day (although a week late, c'mon mom). How does that oxytocin know to travel to your brain and create the love/bonding feeling that you get when you receive your flowers?
Answer
  • Oxytocin is synthesized in the brain so it's right by where it needs to go
  • oxytocin will travel to where there are receptors for it
  • Oxytocin, as a peptide hormone, will easily cross cell membranes but only some cells will interpret its signal as love and bonding
  • Oxytocin will travel to posterior pituitary cells
  • none of the above

Question 19

Question
Which of the plant cell types below would you not find in vascular tissue?
Answer
  • Companion Cells
  • Tracheids
  • Sieve tube elements
  • vessel elements
  • none of the above (i.e. all would be found in vascular tissue)

Question 20

Question
Which of the plant cell types below would you not find in vascular tissue?
Answer
  • Companion Cells
  • Tracheids
  • Sieve tube elements
  • vessel elements
  • none of the above (i.e. all would be found in vascular tissue)

Question 21

Question
Which of the following represent (an) accurate role(s) of H+ in plant biology?
Answer
  • A. Aid in the cotransport of sugar into sugar sinks
  • B. Aid auxin in helping plants grow via pumping H+ into the cell wall matrix
  • C. It is the ion that is responsible for membrane potential in plants
  • A and C
  • A, B and C

Question 22

Question
You insist to your roommate that while the weather is cold, you should go build a snowman in the center of campus. How does your body work to keep you warm while you are building Olaf the snowman?
Answer
  • Blood vessels to the skin and extremities are vasodilated to keep the skin warm
  • Blood vessel to the skin and extremities are vasoconstrictor to keep heat more toward the core organs
  • metabolism in your body slows down to save energy and keep you warm
  • insulin gets released to give you more energy, thereby warming you up
  • all of the above

Question 23

Question
a population of self-fertlizing plants is out competing a population of non self-fertilizing plants in a given habitat, until a parasite invades the area, and after only a few years, only the non- self fertilizing plants are still present. The best explanation for this would be
Answer
  • Evolutionarily adapted plants are more fit for their environment as long as that environment does not change
  • Genetic variation resulting from non self fertilization is not an advantage in a stable environment
  • The cost of non self fertilization outweighs the advantages in the short term
  • All of the above
  • None of the above

Question 24

Question
Under what conditions would stomata be closed?
Answer
  • Auxin levels are high
  • guard cells are turgid
  • potassium in the cells surrounding the guard cells has flown into the guard cells
  • abscisic acid levels are high
  • the air surrounding the tree has a water potential of -50mPa

Question 25

Question
Pollination...
Answer
  • Requires only the male gametophyte
  • Cannot happen via mechanisms other than insects' carrying the pollen
  • Results in a mitotic division of the sperm to generate the pollen tube
  • Happens on the anther of the flower
  • Isn't necessary in asexual reproduction

Question 26

Question
Auxin and phytochrome resemble each other in that...
Answer
  • A. They both contain pigments
  • B. they both affect gene expression
  • C. they both antagonize ethylene
  • A and B
  • B and C

Question 27

Question
In leaf abscission, some plant cells are undergoing apoptosis so that the leaf can fall out at the right spot and at the right time. The hormone governing this apoptosis is...
Answer
  • Auxin
  • Abscisic acid
  • growth hormone
  • ethylene
  • phytochrome Pfr

Question 28

Question
You are a plant cell in the root and recently spent some time elongating, very likely via auxin signaling. What's next for you?
Answer
  • You will begin to specialize in structure and function, joining the zone of differentiation
  • You will start to undergo a significant number of mitotic divisions, joining the zone of cell division
  • the H+ from the acid growth mechanism will lignify your cell walls and you will become a xylem cell
  • cells nearby will be inhibited from growing since you are growing so well
  • you will become a parenchyma cell because of elongation

Question 29

Question
The plant embryo...
Answer
  • A. was the zygote before it became the embryo
  • B. will be the sporophyte after it becomes the embryo
  • C. can survive independently of endosperm
  • A and B
  • A, B and C

Question 30

Question
You are observing an unknown animal species in the Amazon rain forest and want to know whether it is an ectotherm or an endotherm. Which of the following methods would be the least helpful in making this determination?
Answer
  • Determine the animal's method of urine production and compare it to the ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night
  • Measure the animal's rate of oxygen consumption and compare it to ambient temperature at various times through out the day and night
  • Observe the animal's behavior and activity level and compare it to ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night
  • Measure the animal's body temperature and compare it to ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night

Question 31

Question
What is one way that primary growth in shoots is disrupted?
Answer
  • The vascular cambium stops dividing
  • Ethylene production decreases
  • Production of the casparian strip
  • if an axillary bud is too close to an apical bud
  • Water potential in the xylem decreases

Question 32

Question
Which of the following is an example of Homeostasis?
Answer
  • You take a hot shower and your body temperature increases
  • you go swimming in a cold lake and your body temperature decreases
  • you overeat for a week and you gain weight
  • You run a marathon and you get thirsty
  • None of the above

Question 33

Question
Double fertilization in plants is an evolutionary advantage because it
Answer
  • Increases genetic diversity over single fertilization
  • Ensures endosperm development only occurs in fertilized ovules
  • Provides a "back up" in case the first fertilization goes wrong
  • results in "twins" for every new offspring
  • Doubles the number of offspring

Question 34

Question
Dwight Schrute (and any plant biology text) would tell you that ____ is the most important inorganic nutrient for plants
Answer
  • Phosphorus
  • Nitrogen
  • Iron
  • Calcium
  • Magnesium

Question 35

Question
We discussed one positive impact of GMO's is the the ability to engineer food that can address world hunger and malnutrition. One such example was Golden rice, which is rice fortified with __________ to prevent childhood blindness.
Answer
  • Iron
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin C
  • Iodine

Question 36

Question
Plants respond to cold stress y altering their plasma membranes. Specifically, how is this done?
Answer
  • By increasing the proportion of saturated fatty acids in their plasma membrane
  • by increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in their plasma membrane
  • by increasing the density of the cellulose in their cell walls
  • By decreasing the density of cellulose in their cell walls
  • By making their plasma membrane more permeable to water

Question 37

Question
The diagram on the left descries a molecular switching mechanism. Which is true about the Pf to Pfr interconversion?
Image:
Img 0458 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • A. Pf will covert to Pfr faster than the reverse
  • B. Pf will convert to Par if conditions are good for the plant to grow and respond to light
  • C. If seeds are kept in the dark, the majority of the phytochrome if Pf
  • A and C
  • A, B and C

Question 38

Question
You leave for the weekend and have your best friend water your plants for you. Its the weekend and your friend is only mildly responsible, so upon your return, he confesses to you that he accidentally watered your plants with lemon lime Gatorade (it was left over mixer from National Marquette Day). Your plant is stressed out but still alive. What probably happened as a result of the gatorade watering event?
Answer
  • Water potential in the soil increased and your plant got dehydrated
  • water potential in the soil decreased and your plant to dehydrated
  • water potential in the soil increased and your plant got over hydrated
  • water potential in the soil decreased and your plant go over hydrated

Question 39

Question
Where does meiosis occur in a flowering plant?
Answer
  • A megasporocytes
  • a microsporocyte
  • pollen tube
  • zygote
  • megasporocyte and microsporocyte

Question 40

Question
You are working with an angiosperm in the lab that periodically grows to have no petals but normal sepals, stamens and carpels. What might be going on?
Image:
Screen+Shot+2019 04 19+At+8.11.56+Pm (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • A. Gene B has some altered expression in your angiosperm
  • B. Gene A has some altered expression in your angiosperm
  • C. gene C has some altered expression in your angiosperm
  • Both A and B are possibilities
  • your lab mate eats petals

Question 41

Question
In which of the four flower organs listed in the diagram above would you find the female gametophyte (at any time during an angiosperm life cycle)?
Image:
Screen+Shot+2019 04 19+At+8.11.56+Pm (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Carpel only
  • Carpel or sepal
  • Carpel, sepal or petal
  • Carpel or stame
  • Stamen only
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