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Microorganisms MCQ's 2014 Answered

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Past papers; August 2014 May 2014
tj.sloan
Quiz by tj.sloan, updated more than 1 year ago
tj.sloan
Created by tj.sloan almost 10 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Pasteur is attributed with which one of the following discoveries?
Answer
  • Was the first to see microorganisms under a microscope
  • First to discover and use agar
  • That there could be life without air
  • The first chemical antibiotics

Question 2

Question
The length of a typical E. coli cell is approximately?
Answer
  • 20 μm
  • 2 μm
  • 200 nm
  • 20 nm

Question 3

Question
With respect to differences between members of the archaeal and bacterial domains/kingdoms, which is the CORRECT statement?
Answer
  • Both have peptidoglycan in their cell walls
  • Only some Archaea are capable of methanogenesis
  • Archaea are sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics
  • Bacteria have similar RNA polymerase to that of Archaea

Question 4

Question
Which statement is CORRECT with respect to the E. coli chromosome?
Answer
  • It is negatively supercoiled
  • It is positively supercoiled
  • There are typically several origins of replication
  • It consists of over 50 million base pairs

Question 5

Question
A culture of E. coli is diluted by a factor of x 10-5 and, after plating out 100 µl on an agar plate, 78 colonies grew after incubation at 37oC overnight. The original culture therefore contained how many viable E. coli cells per ml?
Answer
  • 7.8 x 10(7)
  • 7.8 x 10(8)
  • 7.8 x 10(6)
  • 7.8 x 10(5)

Question 6

Question
Bacterial flagella bring about cell motion by which mechanism?
Answer
  • Wave-like movement of the flagellum
  • Rotation of the cell
  • Rotation of the flagellum in one direction only
  • Rotation of the flagellum that is reversible

Question 7

Question
The Bacille-Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is:
Answer
  • Heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Attenuated live Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Mycobacterium bovis
  • Attenuated live Mycobacterium bovis

Question 8

Question
Which of the following is only transmitted by direct person-to-person contact?
Answer
  • Malaria
  • Plague
  • Gonorrhoea
  • . Tuberculosis

Question 9

Question
Photoautotophs use:
Answer
  • Light as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source
  • Light as an energy and glucose as a carbon source
  • CO2 as both an energy source and a carbon source
  • All of the above.

Question 10

Question
Biochemical synthesis of new cell material is called:
Answer
  • Metabolism.
  • Anabolism.
  • Catabolism.
  • Synthatabolism.

Question 11

Question
Carl Woese of the University of Illinois and his collaborators identified two major branches of prokaryotic evolution. What was the basis for dividing prokaryotes into two domains?
Answer
  • Microscopic examination of the staining characteristics of the cell wall.
  • . Metabolic characteristics such as the production of methane gas
  • Ecological characteristics such as the ability to survive extreme temperatures
  • Molecular characteristics such as ribosomal RNA sequences

Question 12

Question
Incorporation of atmospheric N2 to NH4+ occurs via the process of:
Answer
  • Nitrogen fixation.
  • Nitrification.
  • Denitrification.
  • None of the above, atmospheric N2 cannot be incorporated into NH4+

Question 13

Question
Which of these environmental factors influence microbial growth?
Answer
  • pH
  • Water potential
  • Oxygen
  • All of the above

Question 14

Question
The cardinal temperatures are the:
Answer
  • Minimum temperatures
  • Optimum temperatures
  • Maximum temperatures
  • Minimum, optimum, and maximum temperatures taken together.

Question 15

Question
‘Necrosis’ is a symptom of infection of a plant with a pathogenic organism. Necrosis is:
Answer
  • Yellowing of infected or surrounding tissue
  • Uncontrolled cell division resulting in the formation of a gall
  • Death of infected or surrounding cells
  • Premature leaf fall

Question 16

Question
Phytophthora infestans is a fungus-like organism which:
Answer
  • Causes disease of a wide range of woody hosts
  • Causes potato blight
  • Causes ringworm
  • Causes black sigatoka disease of banana

Question 17

Question
Bacterial genes:
Answer
  • often contain introns
  • often organised in operons
  • always encode proteins
  • always shorter than 1,000 base pairs

Question 18

Question
The Bacterial chromosome is:
Answer
  • Circular DNA
  • Linear DNA
  • Either circular or linear DNA
  • Double stranded RNA

Question 19

Question
The genome of measles virus is composed of :
Answer
  • Double stranded DNA
  • Single stranded DNA
  • Single stranded RNA
  • DNA and RNA

Question 20

Question
The poliovirus mature virus particle:
Answer
  • Contains 240 copies of a single protein
  • Contains 60 copies of four proteins
  • Has a dsDNA genome
  • Has a single stranded negative–sense genome

Question 21

Question
With regard to the differences between bacterial and eukaryotic cells which statement is the CORRECT one?
Answer
  • Bacterial cells contain mitochondria
  • Bacterial cells are usually larger than eukaryote cells
  • Bacteria do not contain a chromosome
  • Only bacterial cells are sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics

Question 22

Question
Which statement is CORRECT with respect to the E.coli chromosome?
Answer
  • It is negatively supercoiled
  • It is positively supercoiled
  • There are typically several origins of replication
  • It consists of over 50 million base pairs

Question 23

Question
Which statement is CORRECT with respect to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)?
Answer
  • LPS is found in Gram positive cells
  • LPS is found in Gram negative cells in the cytoplasmic membrane
  • LPS is found in the outer-membrane of Gram negative cells.
  • LPS is found inside all bacterial cells

Question 24

Question
A culture of E. coli is diluted by a factor of 10(-5) and, after plating out 100 µl on an agar plate, 142 colonies grew after incubation at 37oC overnight. The original culture therefore contained how many viable E. coli cells per ml?
Answer
  • 1.42 x 10(7)
  • 1.42 x 10(8)
  • 1.42 x 10(6)
  • 1.42 x 10(5)

Question 25

Question
With respect to differences between members of the archaeal and bacterial domains/kingdoms, which is the CORRECT statement?
Answer
  • Both have peptidoglycan in their cell walls
  • Only some Archaea are capable of methanogenesis
  • Archaea are sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics
  • Bacteria have similar RNA polymerase to that of Archaea

Question 26

Question
Which statement is CORRECT with respect to peptidoglycan?
Answer
  • There are multiple molecules of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls
  • Only Gram positive cells possess peptidoglycan
  • There is only a single molecule of peptidoglycan in a bacterial cell wall
  • Peptidoglycan is only found in the Gram negative cell wall

Question 27

Question
Which of the following is transmitted to humans by arthropods?
Answer
  • Tuberculosis
  • Malaria
  • Cholera
  • Typhoid

Question 28

Question
The antibiotic rifampicin interferes with which of the following?
Answer
  • Peptidoglycan synthesis
  • DNA gyrase
  • Lipid synthesis
  • RNA polymerase

Question 29

Question
Catalase is indispensable to
Answer
  • Obligate anaerobes
  • Aerotolerant anaerobes
  • Aerobes
  • All of the above

Question 30

Question
The CORRECT way to write this microbe’s name is
Answer
  • bacillus subtilis (italics)
  • Bacillus subtilis
  • Bacillus Subtilis (italics)
  • Bacillus subtilis (italics)

Question 31

Question
Chemical energy is released when organic or inorganic compounds are:
Answer
  • Reduced
  • Incorporated into larger molecules
  • Oxidized
  • Synthesized

Question 32

Question
A microbe isolated from deep in the ocean could best be characterized as a:
Answer
  • Psychrophile.
  • Mesophile.
  • Barophile and psychrophile
  • Barophile.

Question 33

Question
Which of the following is both a selective and a differential medium?
Answer
  • Nutrient broth.
  • MacConkey agar.
  • Blood agar.
  • Tryptic soya broth.

Question 34

Question
The signature sequence is used extensively in:
Answer
  • Developing phylogenetic probes for fluorescent in situ hybridisation.
  • Analyzing the G+C content of DNA.
  • Isolating microorganisms from the environment.
  • All of the above

Question 35

Question
Mature virus particles (Virions) ALWAYS contain:
Answer
  • non-structural proteins
  • a protease enzyme
  • a DNA or RNA genome
  • a reverse transcriptase

Question 36

Question
Viruses may encode their genomes as
Answer
  • DNA
  • RNA
  • negative strand RNA
  • All of the above

Question 37

Question
Organisms belonging to the genus Phytophthora are:
Answer
  • True fungi
  • Fungus-like organisms
  • Slime moulds
  • Rusts

Question 38

Question
Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about true fungi
Answer
  • True fungi are eukaryotic
  • All true fungi are multi-cellular
  • True fungi are heterotrophic
  • Most true fungi have chitin cell walls

Question 39

Question
With regards to bacterial plasmids which statement is the CORRECT one?
Answer
  • A plasmid is a regulatory gene
  • A plasmid is a short RNA molecule
  • A plasmid is an extra chromosomal DNA molecule
  • A plasmid is a non coding region found in some bacterial genomes

Question 40

Question
A Wild-type bacterial strain is:
Answer
  • A strain with a limited number of mutations
  • An arbitrarily chosen strain
  • A strain without plasmids
  • A strain which is sensitive to antibiotics
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