Brain Injury – is damage to living [blank_start]tissue[blank_end] of the brain that occurs some time after birth through a traumatic (TBI) or a [blank_start]medical[blank_end] event.
Sex breakdown - Female 30%, [blank_start]Male[blank_end] 70%
Referrals - 40% [blank_start]Rural[blank_end] 60% Urban
[blank_start]Traumatic[blank_end] injuries make up 70% of our members
Answer
tissue
medical
Male
Rural
Traumatic
Question 2
Question
Emotional and behavioural problems:
Approx. [blank_start]50[blank_end]% of people with TBI will be affected by depression within the first year.
This [blank_start]increases[blank_end] to 2/3 within [blank_start]7[blank_end] years.
50% TBI patients who are depressed also have significant [blank_start]anxiety[blank_end].
Answer
50
increases
7
anxiety
Question 3
Question
Concussion:
• [blank_start]Mild[blank_end] Traumatic Brain Injury
• Change in brain function due to either [blank_start]direct or indirect[blank_end] blow to the head – E.g. can be concussed by having a blow to the trunk; if this results in rotational, acceleration or deceleration [blank_start]forces[blank_end] to the head
• Can be concussed without losing [blank_start]consciousness[blank_end]
• A concussion:
– Causes [blank_start]temporary[blank_end] disruption of the brain’s normal [blank_start]electrical and chemical[blank_end] processes leading to various symptoms and signs
Answer
Mild
direct or indirect
forces
consciousness
temporary
electrical and chemical
Question 4
Question
These are all consequences of moderate to severe TBI. Select ALL the cognitive problems and leave the physical problems.
Consequences of moderate to severe TBI include 'Excess of behaviour'.
Includes: [blank_start]Agitation, Impulsivity,[blank_end] Perseveration - [blank_start]repetition[blank_end] of a particular response (such as a word, phrase, or gesture), Verbal and physical [blank_start]aggression[blank_end].
This causes:
- Difficulty with [blank_start]social[blank_end] interaction and family/family relationships
- [blank_start]Job[blank_end] loss / disruption
Other issues:
• Affects the individual’s ability to deal with [blank_start]other[blank_end] health problems
– Does not [blank_start]understand[blank_end] what is said
– Does not [blank_start]remember[blank_end] appointments
– Does not remember [blank_start]instructions[blank_end]
– More [blank_start]stressed[blank_end] over a minor medical condition
Answer
aggression
repetition
Agitation, Impulsivity,
social
Job
other
remember
understand
instructions
stress
Question 6
Question
Medication:
• Helps control [blank_start]epilepsy[blank_end]
• Reduces [blank_start]pain[blank_end]
• Can assist in managing [blank_start]challenging[blank_end] behaviour
Blister packs – great for those with [blank_start]cognitive[blank_end] difficulties, some with physical problems like hemiplegia may struggle to open.
Issues
• Compliance – [blank_start]memory, understanding instructions,[blank_end]
• Over/under/misuse - taking double or [blank_start]accidental[blank_end] overdose
• No medical [blank_start]follow[blank_end] up when new medications introduced
• Impact on overall functioning
Answer
epilepsy
pain
challenging
cognitive
memory, understanding instructions,
accidental
follow
Question 7
Question
As a Pharmacist:
• If a person says they have a brain injury take on board they will probably struggle with [blank_start]memory[blank_end].
• Ask the person what is the [blank_start]best[blank_end] format to [blank_start]communicate[blank_end] with them. Clear and simple information and direction.