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Chapter 8

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Biological Anthropology Quiz on Chapter 8, created by heather kuebler on 16/11/2019.
heather kuebler
Quiz by heather kuebler, updated more than 1 year ago
heather kuebler
Created by heather kuebler about 5 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Which burial environment would best promote fossilization
Answer
  • burial soon after death by sediments or volcanic ash
  • burial after defleshing of the bones by scavengers and insects
  • burial in groundwater or acidic soils
  • burial in a geologically active area with high ground pressure

Question 2

Question
Relative methods of dating can tell us
Answer
  • the approximate numerical age of a fossil
  • the exact numerical age of a fossil
  • whether a fossil is older or younger than another fossil or artifact
  • the amount of organic material remaining in a fossil

Question 3

Question
Radiometric and non-radiometric absolute dating methods both
Answer
  • provide only a relative date
  • provide a numerical date
  • measure the radioactive decay of an unstable isotope
  • determine past climate history through stable isotope analysis

Question 4

Question
What must be considered when choosing a radiometric dating method
Answer
  • the half-life of an isotope limits its usefulness to a certain date range
  • no radiometric dating methods can date organic materials
  • no radiometric dating methods can date nonorganic materials
  • fossils must be associated with another fossil to give a relative date

Question 5

Question
Stable isotope analysis of carbon in a fossilized tooth would be most useful for determining the
Answer
  • relative age of the tooth compared to another fossil
  • absolute age of the tooth
  • temperature of the animal's environment
  • types of plants consumed by the animal during life

Question 6

Question
The molecular clock has been useful to determine the phylogenetic relationships of species based on the assumption that
Answer
  • a species lineage accumulates genetic differences over time at a constant rate.
  • only some species are genetically related.
  • DNA is preserved unchanged over long periods of time.
  • species adapt at specific rates.

Question 7

Question
Igneous rock can be dated with which of the following methods?
Answer
  • radiopotassium dating
  • dendrochronology
  • radiocarbon dating
  • fluorine dating

Question 8

Question
Paleontologists find a fossil ape with long arms. What type of environment can they infer it inhabited?
Answer
  • savanna
  • woodland
  • grassland
  • swamp

Question 9

Question
Studies of temperatures during the Cenozoic era suggest that temperatures have ________ over time.
Answer
  • steadily increased
  • steadily decreased
  • fluctuated, sometimes greatly,
  • stayed basically the same

Question 10

Question
The continent that existed about 200 mya, from which the modern continents ultimately emerged, is called
Answer
  • Eurasia.
  • Afrinesia.
  • Australasia.
  • Pangaea.

Question 11

Question
A wooden tomb is discovered with a well-preserved mummy inside. Which of the following methods could be used to date the tomb MOST accurately?
Answer
  • superposition
  • electron spin resonance
  • thermoluminescence
  • dendrochronology

Question 12

Question
Which era saw the proliferation of mammals?
Answer
  • Holocene
  • Cenozoic
  • Jurassic
  • Mesozoic

Question 13

Question
A mummy is discovered whose tomb includes cloth, food, and other organic remains. What dating method would MOST likely be used to date the tomb?
Answer
  • biostratigraphy
  • carbon 14
  • dendrochronology
  • electron spin resonance

Question 14

Question
Crucial to creating a fossil record of a species is
Answer
  • a living form of the fossil species.
  • a good representation in the fossil record.
  • the preservation of soft tissue such as muscle.
  • the lack of dating; knowing the age of the fossil introduces biases.

Question 15

Question
A hearth is discovered with bone fragments in it. What method might be used to date the bone?
Answer
  • dendrochronology
  • electron spin resonance
  • fission track
  • amino acid

Question 16

Question
1. A stratigraphic layer in one location overwhelmingly represents one species, while the same species is discovered in a similar stratigraphic layer hundreds of kilometers away. Biostratigraphic dating method cannot be used to provide an estimate of age for this layer and this species.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
Temperature estimated using any of several methods is not the most important variable in reconstructing ancient climate
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 18

Question
Experts reconstruct the appearance of early hominids during life using known relationships between bone and tissue in living animals: layers of clay are built up until finally we can see the ancient face staring at us.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
Taxonomy is the study of the processes that affect an organism’s remains after death.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
The three eras that make up Earth history are: Pleistocene, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
Most of the early hominin fossils discovered in Africa come from the eastern and southern parts of the continent because they didn't live anywhere else
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
William Smith was the English surveyor who developed the technique of stratigraphic correlation between regions.
Answer
  • True
  • False
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