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Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition

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Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children 8th Edition
Emily Doyle
Quiz by Emily Doyle, updated more than 1 year ago
Emily Doyle
Created by Emily Doyle almost 5 years ago
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Question 1

Question
A researcher is moving to an area with a year-round cold climate. The researcher asks the health care professional how people in these areas are able to adjust to the temperature. What response by the professional is most accurate?
Answer
  • They have less adipose tissue.
  • They have more beige (bAT) adipose tissue
  • Their bone marrow produces more adipose tissue
  • They gain weight which insulates them

Question 2

Question
A health care professional wishes to provide community screening for obesity. Which population should the professional focus on as the priority?
Answer
  • Caucasians
  • Non-Hispanic blacks
  • Hispanics
  • Asians

Question 3

Question
The student asks the professor for a definition of “orexigenic neurons.” What description by the professor is most accurate?
Answer
  • Promote appetite and stimulate eating
  • Suppress appetite and inhibit eating
  • Increase overall metabolism
  • Promote satiety after eating

Question 4

Question
A student asks the health care professional why obese people are at higher risk for hypertension than non-obese individuals. What response by the professional is best?
Answer
  • They produce more ghrelin in the stomach.
  • Their thyroid gland secretes less hormone.
  • They produce more angiotensinogen.
  • They secrete fewer endocannabinoids.

Question 5

Question
Which individual does the health care professional determine is obese?
Answer
  • Body mass index 23 kg/m2
  • Body mass index 25 kg/m2
  • Body mass index 29 kg/m2
  • Body mass index 32 kg/m2

Question 6

Question
A health care professional is caring for a patient admitted to the hospital with severe anorexia. What action by the health care professional would be most important?
Answer
  • Ensuring the patient is on a cardiac monitor
  • Facilitating laboratory testing of electrolytes
  • Arranging a psychiatry consultation
  • Assessing the patient’s favorite foods

Question 7

Question
A person has abnormally severe tooth decay and erosion of the tooth enamel. What problem should the health care professional assess the person for?
Answer
  • Anorexia nervosa
  • Binge eating
  • Bulimia
  • Refeeding syndrome

Question 8

Question
A patient weighs 82 pounds and is hospitalized for anorexia. In order to prevent refeeding syndrome, how many calories should the person eat in the first two days?
Answer
  • 400
  • 745
  • 936
  • 1200

Question 9

Question
A severely malnourished patient is in the hospital to improve nutrition. On the second day, the patient reports palpitations and difficulty breathing. After placing the patient on a cardiac monitor, what action does the health care professional take next?
Answer
  • Take the patient’s temperature.
  • Have lab drawn for electrolyte levels.
  • Cancel the patient’s next meal.
  • Facilitate a chest x-ray

Question 10

Question
A student asks the professor about the functions of adipose tissue. What responses by the professor are accurate? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
  • Provides insulation
  • Helps with mechanical support
  • Dysregulates thyroid function
  • Secretes adipokines
  • Helps generate heat

Question 11

Question
A health care professional is speaking to a weight-loss support group and encourages the participants to have regular screening for medical conditions that are related to obesity. Which conditions does the professional include in this list? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
  • Cancer
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Cirrhosis
  • Diabetes
  • Dementias

Question 12

Question
What role does leptin resistance have in promoting obesity? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
  • Promotes overeating
  • Promotes early satiety
  • Inhibits orexigenic outcomes
  • Increases oxidative stress
  • Leads to hyperglycemia

Question 13

Question
What does the student learn about the effects of long-term starvation? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
  • Energy is supplied through glycogenolysis.
  • Gluconeogenesis begins for energy requirements.
  • Increase in inflammatory mediators.
  • Use of ketone bodies for energy needs.
  • Proteolysis begins in adipose tissue.

Question 14

Question
A family is concerned that their most elderly member is not eating. What information about the anorexia of aging does the health care professional provide the family? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
  • Usually there is a direct cause that can be treated successfully.
  • Is not related to age-related changes and signifies illness
  • Decreases in saliva and the sense of taste are contributing factors.
  • Age-related loss of appetite is common finding.
  • Social stimulation at meals might promote better eating habits.

Question 15

Question
A student learning about the effects of obesogens discovers what information about them? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
  • Can be found in personal care products
  • Cannot cross the placental barrier
  • Can be transmitted through breast milk
  • Are limited to a single genetic defect
  • Have been associated with pesticide exposure
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