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PHY2011 - topic 1 and 2

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topic 1 and 2 for phy2011
Rachael Martin
Quiz by Rachael Martin, updated more than 1 year ago
Rachael Martin
Created by Rachael Martin over 4 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
In which part of the body is the most water found?
Answer
  • Plasma
  • Interstitial fluid
  • Minor components
  • Intracellular fluids

Question 2

Question
The four main cations in cells are [blank_start]Na+, K+, Ca++ and Mg++[blank_end]
Answer
  • Na+, K+, Ca++ and Mg++

Question 3

Question
The major intracellular cation is
Answer
  • Na+
  • K+
  • Ca++
  • Mg++

Question 4

Question
The [blank_start]cell membrane[blank_end] defines a cell, and acts as a continuous barrier between the inside and outside, allowing for the creation of an internal environment
Answer
  • cell membrane

Question 5

Question
Which organelles are vesicles containing enzymes for the breakdown of material?
Answer
  • Mitochondria
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Lysosomes
  • Nucleoli

Question 6

Question
What is the purpose of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) being continuous with the outer nuclear membrane?
Answer
  • As the RER produces proteins from the instructions of the nucleus, this allows fast movement between the two organelles
  • To create a larger surface area to volume ratio
  • As the RER produces proteins from the instructions of the nucleus, this allows for the RER to create extra messages for other organelles to produce proteins
  • To create a larger concentration gradient for the flow of proteins

Question 7

Question
Specialised junctions called [blank_start]desmosomes[blank_end] link adjacent cells without sealing them into a sheet, giving them some degree of flexibility and being able to withstand stress
Answer
  • desmosomes

Question 8

Question
The lipids of the cell membranes contain two [blank_start]non-polar[blank_end] fatty acid chains stuck together by a [blank_start]polar[blank_end] head group
Answer
  • non-polar
  • polar
  • non-polar
  • polar

Question 9

Question
Which component of the membrane regulates fluidity?
Answer
  • amphipathic
  • lipid micelles
  • cholesterol
  • potassium

Question 10

Question
Which proteins are not inserted into the membrane but rather associate with the membrane itself or another membrane protein?
Answer
  • integral transmembrane proteins
  • peripheral membrane-associated proteins
  • integral outer membrane proteins
  • integral inner membrane proteins

Question 11

Question
Integral proteins [blank_start]cannot[blank_end] be removed from the membrane without ripping it apart
Answer
  • cannot
  • can

Question 12

Question
Which of the following increases the permeability of the membrane?
Answer
  • membrane kinks
  • low temperature
  • high cholesterol
  • saturated fatty acids

Question 13

Question
The cell membrane is selectively permeable as it allows [blank_start]only some substances[blank_end] to pass freely
Answer
  • only some substances
  • all substances
  • most substances

Question 14

Question
The advantages of a selectively permeable cell membrane include (more than one correct answer):
Answer
  • permits an internal environment
  • facilitates chemical reactions
  • allows uptake of toxic chemicals
  • allows development of electrical potential

Question 15

Question
Which of the following is a characteristic of passive transport?
Answer
  • requires use of ATP
  • requires a concentration or electro-chemical gradient
  • must use membrane proteins
  • requires high temperatures

Question 16

Question
[blank_start]Diffusion[blank_end] is the passive [blank_start]net[blank_end] movement of molecules from one location to another, through thermal agitation
Answer
  • Diffusion
  • net

Question 17

Question
Diffusion reaches equilibrium over time, and at equilibrium, there is [blank_start]no net flux[blank_end]
Answer
  • no net flux
  • high flux
  • no flux
  • high net flux

Question 18

Question
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing the rate of simple diffusion?
Answer
  • concentration gradient
  • distance
  • viscosity
  • saturation

Question 19

Question
Fick's law equation in words is net flux = [blank_start]permeability constant*surface area*[blank_end](concentration gradient)
Answer
  • permeability constant*surface area*

Question 20

Question
Which two properties of molecules control their ability to permeate a cell membrane?
Answer
  • molecular mass
  • lipid solubility
  • temperature
  • surface area

Question 21

Question
Which of the following best defines facilitated diffusion?
Answer
  • The net movement of substances down their concentration gradient via specific transmembrane proteins
  • The net movement of substances down their concentration gradient
  • The transport of ions through ATP powered ion pumps
  • The transport of substances against their concentration gradient through use of transmembrane proteins and ATP

Question 22

Question
To transport a molecule via facilitated diffusion, the carrier protein has to bind to it, and only molecules with the appropriate part can fit into the specific binding site and thus be transported; this is known as [blank_start]specificity[blank_end]
Answer
  • specificity

Question 23

Question
Which of the following is NOT a class of direct or primary active transport mechanisms?
Answer
  • Ion pumps
  • ABC system
  • Group translocation
  • Antiports

Question 24

Question
P-class ion pumps are made of [blank_start]a single protein[blank_end] with [blank_start]4[blank_end] trans-membrane subunits
Answer
  • a single protein
  • two proteins
  • 4
  • 2

Question 25

Question
Secondary/coupled active transport involves the accumulating of amino acids and sugars in transport processes which are driven by [blank_start]ion[blank_end] gradients
Answer
  • ion

Question 26

Question
The difference between active and passive transport is that active transport [blank_start]expends[blank_end] energy (usually in the form of [blank_start]ATP[blank_end])
Answer
  • expends
  • produces
  • ATP
  • ADP
  • Light

Question 27

Question
Which of the following regarding membrane proteins is correct?
Answer
  • Integral membrane proteins are amphipathic
  • Peripheral membrane proteins may span the entire membrane
  • Both peripheral and integral membrane proteins may be able to move laterally in the membrane
  • Integral membrane proteins may help confer cell shape and motility

Question 28

Question
One striking feature of plasma membrane structure is its symmetry, with the extracellular and cytoplasmic surfaces virtual mirror images of each other
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 29

Question
One function of integral membrane proteins in the plasma membrane of cells is to form channels to allow passage of nonpolar solutes into the cell
Answer
  • True
  • False
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