Question 1
Question
The field of immunology expanded along with the development of vaccines. The first widely used vaccine was against the human disease smallpox and was developed from the
Answer
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vaccinia virus
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variola virus
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monkeypox virus
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chickenpox virus
Question 2
Question
The person who coined the term ‘chemotherapy’ and was the first to focus research efforts on the development of drugs to treat infectious disease was
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Edward Jenner
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Louis Pasteur
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Paul Ehrlich
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Alexander Fleming
Question 3
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A “magic bullet” drug to stop HIV replication might be
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inhibition of nucleic synthesis by Rifamycin
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inhibition of reverse transcriptase by Lamivudine
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inhibition of protein synthesis by Streptomycin
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inhibition of microtubule function by Mebendazole
Question 4
Question
What type of dendritic cell releases CCL 19 and 21 attracting B cells to the lymph nodes?
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Dendrite
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APC Dendritic
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Follicular Dendritic
Question 5
Question
Which complement pathway(s) result in complement fixation?
Question 6
Question
A cell that has a differentiated Heavy (mew) chain and has not yet undergone light chain rearrangement is known as?
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Pro-B cell
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Pre-B cell
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Mature B cell
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Immature B cell
Question 7
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Neutrophils secrete many cytokines.
Question 8
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Innate immunity is required for adaptive immunity to occur.
Question 9
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Which of the following is not a granulocyte?
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Eosinophil
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Basophil
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Monocyte
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Neutrophil
Question 10
Question
A ‘magic bullet’ drug to control an infection with Candida albicans (thrush) or Tinea pedis (athlete’s foot) might target which of the following?
Answer
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Ergosterol
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70S ribosomes
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Peptidoglycan
Question 11
Question
Your 1st defense against infection is
Question 12
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Which of the following is NOT a phagocyte?
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Macrophage
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Neutrophil
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Dendritic cell
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Natural Killer cell
Question 13
Question
I am a cell that plays an important role:
-in innate immunity
-as an antigen presenting cell
-in the initiation of adaptive immunity
I am a:
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Basophil
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Neutrophil
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Dendritic cell
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Natural Killer cell
Question 14
Question
An example of a primary lymphoid organ is:
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Spleen
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Appendix
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Thymus
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Peyer’s patch
Question 15
Question
The success of vaccination relies on development of a good memory response. Immunological memory develops during the __________ immune response and results in higher antibody titers in the __________ response:
Answer
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Innate, primary
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Innate, secondary
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Adaptive, primary
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Adaptive, secondary
Question 16
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What is an immediate (first) complement response of our innate immune system to bacterial infection?
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Classical pathway
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Lectin pathway
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Alternative pathway
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Garden pathway
Question 17
Question
Which complement pathway is activated by antibody?
Answer
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Classical
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Alternative
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Lectin
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All of the above
Question 18
Question
Complement activation results in:
Question 19
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Cells which are most important in immune surveillance for tumor cells are:
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TH1 and TH2 cells
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TH2 and B cells
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TH1 and B cells
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NK and CD8 T cells
Question 20
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A tumor occurring in a lymph node would be called:
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Leukemia
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Sarcoma
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Lymphoma
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Carcinoma
Question 21
Question
The Ames test allows detection of:
Answer
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Carcinogens
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Mutagens
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Tumors
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Proto-oncogenes
Question 22
Question
If an autoantibody is made against a cell-surface antigen, the autoimmune disease is considered a:
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Type I
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Type II
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Type III
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Type IV
Question 23
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Autoimmune diseases can be described as:
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Over-reaction of the human systems to harmless environmental antigens.
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Under reaction of the immune system to harmless environmental antigens.
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Gain of tolerance to self-antigens.
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Loss of tolerance to self-antigens.
Question 24
Question
An example of a minor histocompatibility complex antigen is:
Question 25
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If one wants to minimize the chance of GVHD following a hematopoietic cell transplants, one could administer the cytotoxic drug:
Answer
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Rapamycin
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Tacrolimus
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Methotrexate
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Prednisone
Question 26
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The main tissues affected by GVHD are:
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Skin, liver and GI tract
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Kidney, liver and heart
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Skin, kidney and liver
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Hair, kidney and skin
Question 27
Question
_____ transplants do not require extensive HLA matching, but _____ transplants do.
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Cornea, liver
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Heart, cornea
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Liver, bone marrow
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Bone marrow, cornea
Question 28
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A drug that inhibits IL-2 production is:
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Azathioprine
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Tacrolimus
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Methotrexate
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Prednisone
Question 29
Question
In dengue infection cross-reactive memory T cells recovered exhibited a higher affinity to variant epitopes representing serotypes of previous exposure – a phenomenon called:
Question 30
Question
Inflammatory cytokine _____ levels have been shown to be higher in DHF than in DF suggesting a role in vascular plasma leakage.
Answer
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IFN-gamma, IL-2
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TNF-alpha, IL-1
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IL-10, IL-2
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IL-6, IL-4
Question 31
Question
The genome of dengue virus is _____ and contains _____ genes.
Answer
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11 kb; 10
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15 kb; 20
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20 kb; 30
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25 kb; 40
Question 32
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Currently DHF and DSS represent _____ of total hospitalized dengue cases.
Answer
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1-25%
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10-50%
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2.5-40%
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5-220%
Question 33
Question
Dengue virus is a:
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Filovirus
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Flavivirus
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Herpes virus
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Rhinovirus
Question 34
Question
Anaphylatoxins produced by activated complement include:
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C4b and C2a
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C3b and C4a
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C3a and C5a
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C2b and C3a
Question 35
Question
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies can affect the target cell by:
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Inhibition of calcineurin and induction of apoptosis
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Inhibit JAK 3 and induction of apoptosis
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Block or down regulate surface molecules and induction of apoptosis
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Disrupt DNA replication
Question 36
Question
When a graft is considered to have stable function, treatment is modified from:
Question 37
Question
Based on data presented by Andrew Read, the regimen for malaria treatment determined by the WHO actually:
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Decreases competition by sensitive organisms allowing an increase in resistant organisms in an individual
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Increase the number of resistant transmission-state organisms
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Increases transmission of resistant organisms
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All of the above