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Developmental biology

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questions covering all lectures
emmabrudenell
Quiz by emmabrudenell, updated more than 1 year ago
emmabrudenell
Created by emmabrudenell about 10 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Homozygous mutations of PAX6 in humans cause Aniridia
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 2

Question
what is at the vegetal pole of xenopus oocytes
Answer
  • Veg-1
  • yolk
  • Most mRNA's
  • ribosomes
  • tRNA's

Question 3

Question
What is the cortical reaction?
Answer
  • a block to polyspermy in the sea urchin
  • The sperm penetrating through the egg membrane
  • Activation of the egg once sperm has enters

Question 4

Question
What is the correct order of the life cycle of embryo development to adult
Answer
  • zygote->cleavage->gastrulation-> neurulation ->organogenesis->metamorphosis->adult
  • zygote->cleavage->gastrulation-> organogenesis->neurulation->metamorphosis->adult
  • zygote->cleavage->gastrulation-> neurulation ->metamorphosis->organogenesis->adult
  • zygote->cleavage-> neurulation->gastrulation ->organogenesis->metamorphosis->adult

Question 5

Question
Which of the following apply the the PAX6 gene in drosophila
Answer
  • Paired gene
  • chromosome 11
  • Gap gene
  • chromosome 2

Question 6

Question
Genes can change activity during development
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
which of the following are cleavage patterns
Answer
  • Holoblastic
  • Meroblastic
  • Superlateral
  • All of these

Question 8

Question
Sperm entry to the egg triggers Mg2+ release which acts on cell cycle proteins and initiates cleavage
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
What does mesoderm give rise to?
Answer
  • Cartilage
  • Muscle
  • Bone
  • Dermis
  • Kidney
  • Blood
  • Gut tissue
  • epidermis
  • Nervous system

Question 10

Question
What does ectoderm turn into
Answer
  • Epidermis
  • Nervous system
  • Gut tissue
  • Bone
  • Cartilage
  • Muscle

Question 11

Question
C.elegans has no hedgehog signalling
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
Which of these apply to the mutagenesis technique?
Answer
  • Random gene is altered
  • specific gene is altered
  • Males treated with mutagen and crossed with wild-type females
  • Females treated with mutagen and crossed with wild-type males
  • recombinant DNA technology

Question 13

Question
Which of these apply to the transgenesis technique?
Answer
  • Random gene is altered
  • specific gene is altered
  • gain of function of gene
  • loss of function of gene
  • recombinant DNA technology

Question 14

Question
Which of these apply to the mutagenesis technique?
Answer
  • Random gene is altered
  • specific gene is altered
  • Males treated with mutagen and crossed with wild-type females
  • Females treated with mutagen and crossed with wild-type males

Question 15

Question
Which organisms is mutagenesis a suitable gene
Answer
  • Fly and zebrafish
  • worm, Fly and zebrafish
  • zebrafish
  • mouse, worm, Fly and zebrafish

Question 16

Question
commitment is not shown by a fate map
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
Regulative development is shown by models from the following scientists
Answer
  • Driesh- sea urchin
  • Roux- frog
  • Both of these

Question 18

Question
Which of the following applies to regulative development?
Answer
  • damage to cells early on in development does not result in a defective organism
  • damage to cells early on in development results in a defective organism
  • Cells determined early on
  • non-autonomous development

Question 19

Question
most type of development is mosaic
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
which of the following apply to the bicoid mRNA
Answer
  • highest concentration at posterior end
  • Maternal affect gene
  • transcription factor
  • mutant larva lack thoracic segments

Question 21

Question
The french flag model is a model for mosaic development
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
Which experiment(s) is used to demonstrate competence?
Answer
  • xenopus cap assay
  • Amphibian organiser
  • Both of these

Question 23

Question
How many somites die in the C.elegans embryo
Answer
  • none
  • 5
  • 72
  • 131
  • 896

Question 24

Question
Which of the following are properties of an ideal marker?
Answer
  • non toxic
  • leaks so all cells have the marker
  • Inherited by all progeny of the labelled cells
  • visible at later stages

Question 25

Question
Which of the following are properties of an ideal marker?
Answer
  • non toxic
  • leaks so all cells have the marker
  • Inherited by all progeny of the labelled cells
  • visible at later stages

Question 26

Question
Which of the following are examples of markers
Answer
  • cytological markers
  • vital dyes
  • high molecular weight tracers
  • all of these

Question 27

Question
MyoD is sufficient and required for muscle development
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 28

Question
Which term is this definition for? - over expression of transcription unit, it is a gain of function mutation
Answer
  • amorph
  • hypomorph
  • hypermorph
  • Antimorph

Question 29

Question
In the Brachyury gene in the mouse, a homozygous mutation results in?
Answer
  • short tail
  • embryonic lethal

Question 30

Question
which organism(s) are unsuitable for mutagenesis and a mutagenesis screen
Answer
  • frog and chick
  • chick
  • frog, chick and bacteria
  • frog, chick and mouse

Question 31

Question
Different mutations in the same gene is called and allelic series
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 32

Question
In complementation testing, if two genes complement each other they ...
Answer
  • are alleles of the same gene, so lie in the same chromosome
  • do not lie in the same chromosome

Question 33

Question
what are epistasis experiments used for?
Answer
  • working out the order of gene action in a pathway
  • working out which genes are in a pathway
  • working out if mutations are on the same or different genes
  • working out the genotype of a mutant

Question 34

Question
The drosophila gene 'white' is required for the development of white eyes
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 35

Question
which of the following are defects from kit and steel mutations?
Answer
  • Anaemia
  • coat pigmentation
  • embryonic lethal
  • short tail

Question 36

Question
There are two classes of segment polarity genes; hedgehog-like and patched-like. Which genes belong to the hedge-hog like?
Answer
  • Hh
  • Smo
  • Wg
  • all of these

Question 37

Question
The body plan along the embryo is controlled by Hox genes along the DV axis
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 38

Question
which of the following maternal effect gene(s) are in the ventralised class?
Answer
  • Dorsal
  • Spatzle
  • Toll
  • cactus

Question 39

Question
what does local application of FGF4 after removal of AER results in..
Answer
  • no effect
  • limb development- radius and ulna fully developed but only partial digit development
  • limb development- but only partial development
  • limb development- Digits fully developed but radius and ulna only partially developed

Question 40

Question
Length of time spent in AER determines cell fate according to position over proximal distal axis.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 41

Question
In proneural clusters, one cells becomes a neuroblast (primary fate), whilst the other cells become the secondary fate which is..
Answer
  • epidemermis
  • neurons
  • fibroblasts
  • mesenchyme

Question 42

Question
The proneural cluster gives rise to a neuroblast through lateral inhibition of which receptor and ligand pair?
Answer
  • Kit and steel
  • Delta and Notch
  • FGF and FGFR
  • Delta and steel

Question 43

Question
Most forms of Anchondroplasia come from mutations in which FGF gene?
Answer
  • FGF2
  • FGF3
  • FGF4
  • FGF5
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