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Immune Study Questions

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Anatomy II - Mr. Savage - Fortis College
Sharlotte Whiteley
Quiz by Sharlotte Whiteley, updated more than 1 year ago
Sharlotte Whiteley
Created by Sharlotte Whiteley over 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
All of the following represent examples of nonspecific immunity except:
Answer
  • species resistance
  • phagocytosis
  • cell-mediated immunity
  • mechanical and chemical barriers

Question 2

Question
The body's first line(s) of defense is(are) the:
Answer
  • skin
  • mucous membranes
  • inflammatory response
  • all except inflammatory response

Question 3

Question
Inflammation mediators include:
Answer
  • histamine
  • kinins
  • prostoglandins
  • all of the above

Question 4

Question
The most numerous type of phagocyte is the:
Answer
  • neutrophil
  • histocyte
  • microglia
  • Kupffer cell

Question 5

Question
The type of immune mechanism that provides a general defense by acting against anything recognized as "not self" is called:
Answer
  • nonspecific immunity
  • specific immunity
  • autoimmune
  • none of the above

Question 6

Question
All of the following are major types of interferon except_________interferon.
Answer
  • cartilage
  • leukocyte
  • immune
  • fibroblast

Question 7

Question
B cell mechanisms are classified as ________immunity.
Answer
  • nonspecific
  • antibody-mediated
  • cell-mediated
  • Both A and B are correct

Question 8

Question
Macromolecules that induce the immune system to make certain responses are called:
Answer
  • antigens
  • plasma proteins
  • antibodies
  • prostaglandins

Question 9

Question
Memory Cells:
Answer
  • immediately secrete antibodies when they are formed
  • are supporting cells and are not related to antibody production.
  • are a special type of T cell.
  • become plasma cells when exposed to an antigen

Question 10

Question
The constant region of the light chain in an antibody consists of ______amino acids.
Answer
  • 50
  • 77
  • 106
  • 168

Question 11

Question
An immunoglobulin, or antibody molecule, consists of ___heavy and ___ light polypeptide chains.
Answer
  • two:two
  • four:two
  • two:four
  • four:four

Question 12

Question
The antibody normally constituting the highest percentage of antibodies in the blood is:
Answer
  • IgE
  • IgG
  • IgM
  • IgA

Question 13

Question
Which of the following does not describe phagocytosis?
Answer
  • The ingestion and destruction of microorganisms or other small particles
  • Part of the inflammatory response
  • A major component of the body's third line of defense
  • A nonspecific defense

Question 14

Question
The antibody produced after initial contact with an antigen is:
Answer
  • IgE
  • IgG
  • IgM
  • IgA

Question 15

Question
The antibody commonly found in tears and saliva
Answer
  • IgE
  • IgD
  • IgM
  • IgA

Question 16

Question
The function of which antibody is basically unknown?
Answer
  • IgE
  • IgD
  • IgM
  • IgA

Question 17

Question
The antibody associated with allergic reaction is:
Answer
  • IgE
  • IgG
  • IgM
  • IgA

Question 18

Question
The major class of antibody present in the mucous membranes of the body is:
Answer
  • IgG
  • IgE
  • IgA
  • IgD

Question 19

Question
The predominant antibody of a secondary response is:
Answer
  • IgE
  • IgG
  • IgM
  • IgA

Question 20

Question
The most abundant circulating antibody, the one that normally makes up about 75% of all the antibodies in the blood, is:
Answer
  • IgG
  • IgA
  • IgE
  • IgM

Question 21

Question
Complement can best be described as a(n):
Answer
  • enzyme in blood
  • lymphokine
  • antibody
  • hormone

Question 22

Question
The complement system can be activated by:
Answer
  • the binding of complement protein 1 to the complement-binding site on the antibody molecule.
  • the binding of complement protein 3 to bacteria or viruses in the presence of properdin
  • nonspecific immune mechanisms
  • all of the above

Question 23

Question
The complement system can be activated by:
Answer
  • the chemicals secreted by the lymphocytes
  • the proximity of the lymphocytes to the antigens.
  • the shapes of receptors on the lymphocyte's plasma membrane
  • producing toxins.

Question 24

Question
Which of the following can activate complement?
Answer
  • T Cells
  • Interferon
  • Properdin
  • Lymphokin

Question 25

Question
Which of the following is true of lymphokines?
Answer
  • They are produced by B cells.
  • They inhibit macrophage activity
  • Lymphotoxin is an example of a lymphokine
  • They are produced by helper T cells

Question 26

Question
Specific immunity is controlled by two classes of lymphocytes called:
Answer
  • antigens and antibodies
  • T cells and B cells
  • red blood cells and white blood cells
  • agglutinogens and agglutinins

Question 27

Question
Which of the following can activate, or turn on, an inactive B cell?
Answer
  • Binding to its specific antibody
  • Binding to its specific antigen
  • Helper T Cell
  • All B cells are activated when an infant is born

Question 28

Question
The part of the antibody that combines with the antigen is the:
Answer
  • variable region
  • constant region
  • carbohydrate chain
  • complement-binding site

Question 29

Question
The chemical messengers that T cells release into inflamed tissues are called:
Answer
  • pathogens
  • lymphokines
  • lymphotoxins
  • suppressor cells

Question 30

Question
The type of immunity produced by vaccination would be ______immunity.
Answer
  • active natural
  • passive natural
  • active artificial
  • passive artificial

Question 31

Question
When a child develops measles and acquires immunity to a subsequent infection, this type of immunity is called______immunity.
Answer
  • acquired
  • natural
  • active
  • All of above are correct

Question 32

Question
Interferon inhibits the spread of:
Answer
  • viruses
  • bacteria
  • cancer
  • yeast

Question 33

Question
Examples of lymphocytes are:
Answer
  • B cells
  • T cells
  • Both A and B
  • none of the above

Question 34

Question
Macrophages sensitize:
Answer
  • T cells
  • B cells
  • T cells and B cells
  • None of the above

Question 35

Question
Which type of cells is not involved in nonspecific immunity?
Answer
  • Monocytes
  • Lymphocytes
  • Neutrophils
  • Macrophages

Question 36

Question
Which of the following is not a chemical used as a chemical barrier to pathogens?
Answer
  • Hydrochloric Acid
  • sebum
  • complement
  • Hydrolyzing enzymes

Question 37

Question
Which of the following is not a characteristic of inflammation?
Answer
  • Heat
  • Redness
  • Swelling
  • All of the above are characteristics of inflammation

Question 38

Question
Which antibody has 10 antigen-binding sites?
Answer
  • IgM
  • IgA
  • IgD
  • IgG

Question 39

Question
Which antibody had four antigen-binding sites?
Answer
  • IgM
  • IgA
  • IgD
  • IgG

Question 40

Question
Which antibody has two antigen-binding sites?
Answer
  • IgM
  • IgA
  • IgG
  • Both A and B

Question 41

Question
Which of the following is not caused by complement protein activity?
Answer
  • Vasodilation
  • Agglutination of antigens
  • Cytolysis
  • All of the above are caused by complement protein activity

Question 42

Question
The ability of our immune system to attack abnormal or foreign cells but spare our own normal cells is called:
Answer
  • innate immunity
  • nonspecific immunity
  • self-tolerance
  • adaptive immunity

Question 43

Question
Adaptive immunity is also called ______immunity
Answer
  • innate
  • specific
  • nonspecific
  • species

Question 44

Question
Which substance produced by the skin contains pathogens-inhibiting agents?
Answer
  • Hydrochloric acid
  • Mucus
  • Enzymes
  • Sebum

Question 45

Question
Which substance can destroy pathogens by chemically hydrolyzing them?
Answer
  • Hydrochloric acid
  • Mucus
  • Enzymes
  • Sebum

Question 46

Question
Which substance can destroy pathogens by lowering the pH to a level at which they cannot function?
Answer
  • Hydrochloric acid
  • Mucus
  • Enzymes
  • Sebum

Question 47

Question
Which of the following is not part of the inflammation response?
Answer
  • The release of chemicals that attract white blood cells
  • The formation of antibodies
  • The increase of blood flow to the inflamed area
  • All of the above are part of the inflammation response.

Question 48

Question
Which of the following is not part of the inflammation response?
Answer
  • The release of histamine
  • The increase in vascular permeability
  • The stimulation of fibroblast growth
  • All of the above are part of the inflammation response

Question 49

Question
When an antigen attaches to a naïve B cell, it becomes a(n) _______cell.
Answer
  • memory
  • plasma
  • effector B
  • All of the above are correct

Question 50

Question
In the first stage of their development, B cells are known by all of the following except ______B cells.
Answer
  • effector
  • naive
  • inactive
  • virgin

Question 51

Question
If a blood test indicated that a person had a high level of IgM antibodies in the blood, it could be concluded that:
Answer
  • the person's body is responding to a re-exposure to an antigen
  • the person's body is responding to the initial exposure to an antigen
  • the person has an increasing likelihood that he will become allergic to an antigen
  • no conclusion could be made

Question 52

Question
Which is the best explanation of how a white blood cell ingests and destroys a microorganism?
Answer
  • The white blood cell engulfs the microorganism and then lysosomal enzymes destroy it
  • The white blood cell allows the microorganism to be absorbed by osmosis and then lysosomal enzymes destroy it.
  • The white blood cell engulfs the microorganism and chemotaxis destroys it
  • The white blood cell allows the microorganism to be absorbed by osmosis and then diapedesis destroys it.

Question 53

Question
Which is the best explanation of how complement --a group of 20 inactive enzymes in the plasma and on cell surfaces--is active and produces cytolysis?
Answer
  • Complement is "turned on" by the presence of bacteria
  • Complement is activated by antibodies to "drill a hole" into foreign cells, thus causing cytolysis
  • Complement causes vasoconstriction and inhibits phagocytosis
  • Both A and B are correct

Question 54

Question
Systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of a(n):
Answer
  • B cell-mediated condition
  • T cell-mediated condition
  • autoimmune condition that is caused by self-antigens being attacked
  • isoimmune condition that is caused by self-antigens being attacked

Question 55

Question
When a patient starts to have rejection problems with a transplanted organ, the problems are usually caused by:
Answer
  • a B cell-mediated condition
  • human leukocyte antigens (HALs)
  • self-antigens
  • severe combined immune deficiency (SCID)

Question 56

Question
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) damages the immune system by ____cells.
Answer
  • invading memory
  • invading T
  • overproduction of B
  • overproduction of plasma

Question 57

Question
Why is it difficult to predict the total number of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases that will result from known HIV-infected patients?
Answer
  • After a person is infected, the signs of AIDS infection might not be apparent for years
  • The current treatment of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) alters the infected cells.
  • Infected cells begin to change only after azidothymidine (AZT) treatment is started.
  • So many people have received the vaccine that there is no way to count who actually is infected

Question 58

Question
Which is the best explanation of how immune suppression can be helpful in preventing transplant rejection?
Answer
  • The immune system sometimes reacts against foreign antigens in the grafted tissue, causing what is often called a rejection syndrome. Immune suppression drugs reduce the immune system's ability to attack the foreign antigens in the donated tissue.
  • Because rejection is caused by an inappropriate and excessive response to self-antigens, giving immune suppression drugs would reduce the effect.
  • Rejecting involves antigen-antibody reactions, mainly IgE triggered by repeated exposure to an allergen, which in this case is the transplanted organ
  • Delayed allergic response occurs with transplanted organs, so immune suppressive drugs would reduce the allergic response and decrease rejection.

Question 59

Question
Two-year-old Jenny is undergoing treatment for leukemia and was exposed recently to chickenpox. Her oncologist decided to give her a dose of interferon. What effect was the physician hoping for with this approach?
Answer
  • It would stop the virus from traveling over the sensory nerve of a single dermatome.
  • It would cause an increase in white blood cells.
  • It would inhibit the chickenpox infection from developing
  • It would assist in the development of lymphocytes in the spleen.

Question 60

Question
Chris has very bad allergies, especially in the springtime, and is seeking help to overcome her allergic reactions. Why would an antihistamine help Chris be more comfortable?
Answer
  • It would counter the effects of the self-antigen reaction.
  • It would replace the allergen with a different chemical and this reduce her symptoms
  • It would reduce the antigen-antibody reactions cause by the allergen.
  • It would reduce the amount of human leukocyte antigen in her system.

Question 61

Question
Steven had mumps as a child. Why did he not experience symptoms at the age of 41 after he was again exposed to the mumps virus?
Answer
  • He had an injection with weakened virus shortly before he was exposed.
  • He had natural passive immunity to ward off the virus.
  • He had artificial passive immunity that he received from his brother after he had the mumps.
  • He developed active immunity as the result of having mumps as a child.

Question 62

Question
Lymphocyte that attacks pathogens directly.
Answer
  • Phagocytosis
  • Specific Immunity
  • Macrophage
  • Antibody
  • B Cell
  • Nonspecific Immunity
  • Antigen
  • T Cell
  • Interferon

Question 63

Question
Ingestion and destruction of microorganisms or other small particles
Answer
  • Phagocytosis
  • Specific Immunity
  • Macrophage
  • Antibody
  • B Cell
  • Non Specific Immunity
  • Antigen
  • T Cell
  • Interferon

Question 64

Question
Mechanisms that provide specific protection against types of bacteria or toxins
Answer
  • Phagocytosis
  • Specific Immunity
  • Macrophage
  • Antibody
  • B Cell
  • Nonspecific Immunity
  • Antigen
  • T Cell
  • Interferon

Question 65

Question
Macromolecule that induces the immune system to produces antibodies
Answer
  • Phagocytosis
  • Specific Immunity
  • Macrophage
  • Antibody
  • B cell
  • Nonspecific Immunity
  • Antigen
  • T Cell
  • Interferon

Question 66

Question
Mechanisms that resist a variety of threatening agent or conditions
Answer
  • Phagocytosis
  • Specific Immunity
  • Macrophage
  • Anitbody
  • B Cell
  • Nonspecific Immunity
  • Antigen
  • T Cell
  • Interferon

Question 67

Question
Protein produced by the immune system to interfere with the ability of viruses to cause disease
Answer
  • Phagocytosis
  • Specific Immunity
  • Macrophage
  • Antibody
  • B Cell
  • Nonspecific Immunity
  • Antigen
  • T Cell
  • Interferon

Question 68

Question
Substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates a specific antigen
Answer
  • Phagocytosis
  • Specific Immunity
  • Macrophage
  • Antibody
  • B Cell
  • Nonspecific Immunity
  • Antigen
  • T Cell
  • Interferon

Question 69

Question
lymphocyte that produces antibodies that attack pathogens or direct other cells to attack them.
Answer
  • Phagocytosis
  • Specific Immunity
  • Macrophage
  • Antibody
  • B Cell
  • Nonspecific Immunity
  • Antigen
  • T Cell
  • Interferon

Question 70

Question
phagocytic monocyte (nongranular WBC) in the immune system
Answer
  • Phagocytosis
  • Specific Immunity
  • Macrophage
  • Antibody
  • B Cell
  • Nonspecific Immunity
  • Antigen
  • T Cell
  • Interferon

Question 71

Question
antibody that is found in tears and saliva
Answer
  • IgG
  • IgM
  • IgD
  • IgE
  • IgA

Question 72

Question
the predominate class of antibody produced after initial contact with an antigen
Answer
  • IgG
  • IgM
  • IgD
  • IgE
  • IgA

Question 73

Question
antibody that is associated with allergies
Answer
  • IgG
  • IgM
  • IgD
  • IgE
  • IgA

Question 74

Question
antibody whose precise function is not yet known
Answer
  • IgG
  • IgM
  • IgD
  • IgE
  • IgA

Question 75

Question
predominant class of antibody produced in the secondary response to an antigen
Answer
  • IgG
  • IgM
  • IgD
  • IgE
  • IgA

Question 76

Question
A person gets a flu shot to keep from getting the flu
Answer
  • Natural active immunity
  • Natural passive Immunity
  • Artificial active immunity
  • Artificial passive immunity

Question 77

Question
a person has had the mumps and is protected from getting them again
Answer
  • Natural active immunity
  • Natural passive immunity
  • Artificial active immunity
  • Artificial passive immunity

Question 78

Question
a mother passes antibodies to her baby
Answer
  • Natural active immunity
  • Natural passive immunity
  • Artificial active immunity
  • Artificial passive immunity

Question 79

Question
after exposure to hepatitis A, a person is given a gamma globulin (IgG) shot to keep him from getting hepatitis
Answer
  • Natural active immunity
  • Natural passive immunity
  • Artificial active immunity
  • Artificial passive immunity
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