VERBS in the Future Tense
Regular Future Forms: Most Spanish verbs are regular in the future. The infinitive serves as the stem of almost all Spanish verbs in the future tense. Infinitivo Stem Endings Trabajar yo trabajar -é Aprender tú aprender -ás Escribir él escribir -á Hablar ella hablar -á Decidir usted decidir -á Entender nosotros entender -emos Bailar vosotros bailar -éis Caminar ellos caminar -án Perder ellas perder -án Recibir ustedes recibir -ánNote - All the endings, except the Nosotros form, have written accent marks.Irregular Future Forms: A few verbs are irregular in the future tense. These verbs use a variation of the infinitive as a stem. Here are some. The endings are the same as those for regular verbs. Infinitivo Stem Endings Decir yo dir -é Hacer tú har -ás Poder él/ella podr -á Poner usted pondr -á Saber nosotros sabr -emos Haber vosotros habr -éis Salir ellos saldr -án Tener ellas tendr -án Venir ustedes vendr -án
VERBS in the Conditional Future Tense
The conditional tense in English is translated as I would speak, etc.To form this tense, you take the future stem and add the –ER / -IR imperfect endings. yo tú él/ella/usted nosotros vosotros ellos/ellas/ustedesHABLAR: Hablaría Hablarías Hablaría Hablaríamos Hablaríais HablaríanCOMER: Comería Comerías Comería Comeríamos Comeríais ComeríanVIVIR: Viviría Vivirías Viviría Viviríamos Viviríais ViviríanThe three above are regular verbs. Remember a number of Spanish verbs have irregular future stems. The endings are still the same as regular verbs only the stem changes. Here is a list of the most common ones: Infinitivo Stem Inglés CABER CABR- TO FIT DECIR DIR- TO SAY HABER HABR- TO HAVE HACER HAR- TO DO/MAKE PODER PODR- TO BE ABLE TO PONER PONDR- TO PUT QUERER QUERR- TO WANT SABER SABR- TO KNOW SALIR SALDR- TO LEAVE/GO OUT TENER TENDR- TO HAVE VALER VALDR- TO BE WORTH VENIR VENDR- TO COME
Ser & Estar
Ser and estar can both be translated as "to be." 1. In English, the verb "to be" can be used to tell how something is (the condition) and what something is (the essence). How is the apple? What color is the apple? It is unripe. It is green. 2. In Spanish, a different verb is used to express "to be" depending on whether the speaker intends to address a condition or an essential quality. La manzana está verde. La manzana es verde. The apple is green. (condition) The apple is green. (essence) 3. To address condition, use estar. Estar is an irregular verb. It does not follow the standard rules of conjugation for regular -ar verbs. Therefore, you must memorize it. Estar = estoy / estás / está / estamos / estáis / están 4. To address an essential quality, use ser. Ser is also irregular and must be memorized. Ser = soy / eres / es / somos / sois / son 5. If you are talking about what something is, use ser; if you are talking about how something is, use estar. What is she like? How is she acting? She is quiet. She is being quiet. Use ser: Use estar: Ella es callada. Ella está callada.
Soler & Poder
SOLER is a stem-changing verb (O > UE) meaning ‘to be used to’ or ‘usually’. yo SUELO tú SUELES él/ella/usted SUELE nosotros SOLEMOS vosotros SOLÉIS ellos/ellas/ustedes SUELEN PODER is also a stem-changing verb (O > UE). It means ‘to be able to’. yo PUEDO tú PUEDES él/ella/usted PUEDE nosotros PODEMOS vosotros PODÉIS ellos/ellas/ustedes PUEDEN Both SOLER and PODER can be used in another way. You can put se in front of the él/ella/usted part of the verb to mean 'one' or 'people/you' in general. Por ejemplo: se puede ir al cine You/one/people can go to the cinema Both SOLER and PODER are followed by the infinitive of the verb.
Ser
We use the SER (to be) in numerous contexts. Here is a list of the different ways we use the verb SER: 1. To identify a person or thing - éste es Paco - ésta es Sofia - ¿Qué es? Es un museo 2. Profession - Daniel es profesor 3. Nationality/Origin - Pilar es española 4. To describe people and things - Mi padre es alto y moreno - La clase de francés es muy interesante 5. Posession - Los libros son de Pepe
future tense
conditional future tense
ser & estar
soler & Poder
SER
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