English Final Exam Prep

Phrases gerund( at least 2) participial (1) infinitive (at least 2) appositive (highlight 1)

phrase: it doesn't have a subjectclause: it does have a subject

ExampleI want to go home.Infinitive phrase: to go home infinitive = to gogo "where" → homedirect object of infinitive phrase Objective complement = home

Example:Baking pies, my mom became  very tired.Baking pies = is not a gerund because there is a comma, which is important because it can't separate a noun from a verb.  Every time you use a participial phrase, you need a comma after it. 

Example:My mother, baking pies, became very tired.It is a gerund because it is an appositive (noun) phrase, and appositives are always nouns. If the appositive weren't a noun, then it would just be an adjective.

Example:Chewing gum is not allowed.Chewing gum = gerund phrase because it is the subject

Example:I want to go caroling tonight.to go = inifinitivecaroling = gerund because it is the direct object of the infinitive phrase

Phrases & Clauses