10640337
Descripción
Test por Kathleen Jackson, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Kathleen Jackson
hace casi 7 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Pharmacodynamics involves the study of following EXCEPT:
Respuesta
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Biological and therapeutic effects of drugs
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Absorption and distribution of drugs
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Mechanisms of drug action
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Drug interactions
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Pharmacodynamics involves the study of following?
Respuesta
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Mechanisms of drug action
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Biotransformation of drugs in the organism
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Distribution of drugs in the organism
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Excretion of drug from the organism
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Pharmacodynamics involves the following?
Respuesta
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Information about main mechanisms of drug absorption
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Information about unwanted effects
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Information about biological barriers
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Information about excretion of a drug from the organism
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Pick out the answer which is the most appropriate to the term “receptor”
Respuesta
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All types of ion channels modulated by a drug
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Enzymes of oxidizing-reducing reactions activated by a drug
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Active macromolecular components of a cell or an organism which a drug molecule has to combine with in order to elicit its specific effect
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Carriers activated by a drug
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
What does “affinity” mean?
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A measure of how tightly a drug binds to plasma proteins
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A measure of how tightly a drug binds to a receptor
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A measure of inhibiting potency of a drug
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A measure of bioavailability of a drug
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Target proteins which a drug molecule binds are:
Respuesta
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Only receptors
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Only ion channels
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Only carriers
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All answers are correct
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
An agonist is a substance that:
Respuesta
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Interacts with the receptor without producing any effect
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Interacts with the receptor and initiates changes in cell function, producing various effects
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Increases concentration of another substance to produce effect
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Interacts with plasma proteins and doesn’t produce any effect
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
If an agonist can produce maximal effects and has high efficacy it’s called:
Respuesta
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Partial agonist
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Antagonist
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Agonist-antagonist
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Full agonist
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
If an agonist can produce submaximal effects and has moderate efficacy it’s called:
Respuesta
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Partial agonist
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Antagonist
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Agonist-antagonist
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Full agonist
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
An antagonist is a substance that:
Respuesta
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Binds to the receptors and initiates changes in cell function, producing maximal effect
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Binds to the receptors and initiates changes in cell function, producing submaximal effect
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Interacts with plasma proteins and doesn’t produce any effect
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Binds to the receptors without directly altering their functions
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
A competitive antagonist is a substance that:
Respuesta
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Interacts with receptors and produces submaximal effect
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Binds to the same receptor site and progressively inhibits the agonist response
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Binds to the nonspecific sites of tissue
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Binds to one receptor subtype as an agonist and to another as an antagonist
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
The substance binding to one receptor subtype as an agonist and to another as an antagonist is called:
Respuesta
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Competitive antagonist
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Irreversible antagonist
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Agonist-antagonist
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Partial agonist
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Irreversible interaction of an antagonist with a receptor is due to:
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Ionic bonds
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Hydrogen bonds
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Covalent bonds
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All answers are correct
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Mechanisms of transmembrane signaling are the following EXCEPT:
Respuesta
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Transmembrane receptors that bind and stimulate a protein tyrosine kinase
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Gene replacement by the introduction of a therapeutic gene to correct a genetic effect
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Ligand-gated ion channels that can be induced to open or close by binding a ligand
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Transmembrane receptor protein that stimulates a GTP-binding signal transducer protein (G-protein) which in turn generates an intracellular second messenger
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Tick the second messenger of G-protein-coupled (metabotropic) receptor:
Respuesta
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Adenylyl cyclase
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Sodium ions
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Phospholipase C
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cAMP
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Tick the substance which changes the activity of an effector element but doesn’t belong to second messengers:
Respuesta
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cAMP
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cGMP
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G–protein
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Calcium ions
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Give the definition for a therapeutical dose:
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The amount of a substance to produce the minimal biological effect
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The amount of a substance to produce effects hazardous for an organism
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The amount of a substance to produce the required effect in most patients
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The amount of a substance to accelerate an increase of concentration of medicine in an organism
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Pick out the correct definition of a toxic dose:
Respuesta
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The amount of substance to produce the minimal biological effect
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The amount of substance to produce effects hazardous for an organism
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The amount of substance to produce the necessary effect in most of patients
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The amount of substance to fast creation of high concentration of medicine in an organism
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Which effect may lead to toxic reactions when a drug is taken continuously or repeatedly?
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Refractoriness
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Cumulative effect
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Tolerance
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Tachyphylaxis
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
What term is used to describe a decrease in responsiveness to a drug which develops in a few minutes?
Respuesta
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Refractoriness
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Cumulative effect
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Tolerance
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Tachyphylaxis
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Idiosyncratic reaction of a drug is:
Respuesta
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A type of hypersensitivity reaction
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A type of drug antagonism
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Unpredictable, inherent, qualitatively abnormal reaction to a drug
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Quantitatively exaggerated response
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Characteristic unwanted reaction which isn’t related to a dose or to a pharmacodynamic property of a drug is called:
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Idiosyncrasy
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Hypersensitivity
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Tolerance
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Teratogenic action
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
If two drugs with the same effect, taken together, produce an effect that is equal in magnitude to the sum of the effects of
the drugs given individually, it is called as:
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Antagonism
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Potentiation
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Additive effect
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None of the answers are correct
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
What phenomenon can occur in case of using a combination of drugs?
Respuesta
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Tolerance
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Tachyphylaxis
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Accumulation
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Synergism
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
What is the type of drug-to-drug interaction which is the result of interaction at receptor, cell, enzyme or organ level?
Respuesta
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Pharmacodynamic interaction
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Physical and chemical interaction
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Pharmaceutical interaction
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Pharmacokinetic interaction
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
What is the type of drug-to-drug interaction which is connected with processes of absorption, biotransformation,
distribution and excretion?
Respuesta
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Pharmacodynamic interaction
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Physical and chemical interaction
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Pharmaceutical interaction
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Pharmacokinetic interaction
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
The situation when failure to continue administering the drug results in serious psychological and somatic disturbances is called?
Respuesta
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Tachyphylaxis
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Sensibilization
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Abstinence syndrome
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Idiosyncrasy
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Tolerance and drug resistance can be a consequence of:
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Drug dependence
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Increased metabolic degradation
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Depressed renal drug excretion
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Activation of a drug after hepatic first-pass
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Tolerance and drug resistance can be a consequence of:
Respuesta
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Change in receptors, loss of them or exhaustion of mediators
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Increased receptor sensitivity
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Decreased metabolic degradation
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Decreased renal tubular secretion
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Tolerance develops because of:
Respuesta
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Diminished absorption
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Rapid excretion of a drug
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Both answers are correct
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No answer is correct
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