11102009
Descripción
Test por Hannah Erickson, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Hannah Erickson
hace casi 7 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Label the different parts of the pulmonary circuit.
Respuesta
-
1. Superior Vena Cava
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1. Inferior Vena Cava
-
2. Superior Vena Cava
-
2. Inferior Vena Cava
-
3. Right Atrium
-
3. Right Ventricle
-
3. Left Atrium
-
3. Left Ventricle
-
4. Aortic Semilunar Valve
-
4. Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
-
4. Tricuspid Valve
-
4. Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve
-
5. Right Atrium
-
5. Right Ventricle
-
5. Left Atrium
-
5. Left Ventricle
-
7. Aorta
-
7. Pulmonary Artery
-
7. Left Pulmonary Veins
-
7. Right Pulmonary Veins
-
8. Right Atrium
-
8. Right Ventricle
-
8. Left Atrium
-
8. Left Ventricle
-
6. Aorta
-
6. Pulmonary Artery
-
6. Left Pulmonary Vein
-
6. Right Pulmonary Vein
-
9. Right Atrium
-
9. Right Ventricle
-
9. Left Atrium
-
9. Left Ventricle
-
10. Aortic Semilunar Valve
-
10. Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
-
10. Tricuspid Valve
-
10. Bicuspid Valve
-
11. Aorta
-
11. Pulmonary Artery
-
11. Left Pulmonary Veins
-
11. Right Pulmonary Veins
-
12. Superior Vena Cava
-
12. Inferior Vena Cava
-
13. Aortic Semilunar Valve
-
13. Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
-
13. Tricuspid Valve
-
13. Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve
-
14. Aortic Semilunar Valve
-
14. Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
-
14. Tricuspid Valve
-
14. Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve
-
15. Aortic Semilunar Valve
-
15. Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
-
15. Tricuspid Valve
-
15. Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve
-
16. Aorta
-
16. Pulmonary Artery
-
16. Right Pulmonary Veins
-
16. Left Pulmonary Veins
-
17. Deoxygenated blood
-
17. Oxygenated Blood
-
18. Deoxygenated Blood
-
18. Oxygenated Blood
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
A low hematocrit suggests that you have a high oxygen-carrying capacity.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
A high white blood cell count suggests that you are either sick or having an allergic reaction.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
A differential white blood cell count is more useful than a total white blood cell count because it suggests what your body is fighting (such as a virus, bacterium, allergic reaction, etc.).
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Select the phrase from the drop-down box with the most appropriate definition.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Removes microorganisms and old red blood cells from the blood
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Removes microorganisms and cellular debris from your lymph
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] An organ where T cells mature and undergo a selection process to kill cells that are ineffective or would attack your own body's cells
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Location where white blood cells are produced
Respuesta
-
1. Lymph node
-
1. Spleen
-
1. Thymus
-
1. Tonsil
-
1. Red bone marrow
-
2. Lymph node
-
2. Spleen
-
2. Thymus
-
2. Tonsil
-
2. Red bone marrow
-
3. Lymph node
-
3. Spleen
-
3. Thymus
-
3. Tonsil
-
3. Red bone marrow
-
4. Lymph node
-
4. Spleen
-
4. Thymus
-
4. Tonsil
-
4. Red bone marrow
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
This is the first step of a muscle contraction.
Respuesta
-
T-tubules transmit electrical impulses throughout a muscle cell.
-
Myosin binds to actin and pulls it towards the center of the sarcomere.
-
Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle.
-
Troponin-tropomyosin complex shifts to expose myosin binding sites.
-
Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
This is the second step of a muscle contraction.
Respuesta
-
T-tubules transmit electrical impulses throughout the muscle cell.
-
Myosin binds to actin and pulls it towards the center of the sarcomere.
-
Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle.
-
Troponin-tropomyosin complex shifts to expose myosin binding sites.
-
Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
This is the third step of a muscle contraction.
Respuesta
-
T-tubules transmit electrical impulses throughout the muscle cell.
-
Myosin binds to actin and pulls it towards the center of the sarcomere.
-
Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle.
-
Troponin-tropomyosin complex shifts to expose myosin binding sites.
-
Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
This is the fourth step of a muscle contraction.
Respuesta
-
T- tubules transmit electrical impulses throughout muscle cell.
-
Myosin binds to actin and pulls it towards the center of the sarcomere.
-
Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle.
-
Troponin-tropomyosin complex shifts to expose myosin binding sites.
-
Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
This is the fifth step of a muscle contraction.
Respuesta
-
T- tubules transmit electrical impulses throughout muscle cell.
-
Myosin binds to actin and pulls it towards the center of the sarcomere.
-
Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle.
-
Troponin-tropomyosin complex shifts to expose myosin binding sites.
-
Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
11. If I have a blood type of A+...
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11.1: What antigens do I have? [blank_start]_________[blank_end]
11.2: Specifically, where are those antigens located? [blank_start]______[blank_end]
11.3: What antibodies do I have? [blank_start]______[blank_end]
11.4: Specifically, where are those antibodies located? [blank_start]______[blank_end]
11.5: Which ABO blood type(s) can I safely give blood to? [blank_start]______[blank_end]
Respuesta
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11.1 A and Rh
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11.1 B and Rh
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11.1 O and Rh
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11.2 On red blood cells
-
11.2 In the blood plasma
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11.3 Anti-A antibodies only
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11.3 Anti-B antibodies only
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11.3 Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies
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11.3 Neither anti-A or anti-B antibodies
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11.4 On red blood cells
-
11.4 In the blood plasma
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11.5: Type A only
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11.5 Type A or Type AB
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11.5 Type B only
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11.5 Type B or Type AB
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11.5 Type O
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Blood is made of 4 main components. What are they?
NOTE: Your answers are not case-sensitive.
1. [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
2. [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
3. [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
4. [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Respuesta
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Plasma
-
Red blood cells
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White blood cells
-
Platelets
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
The scientific term for a white blood cell is an erythrocyte.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Platelets help with blood clotting.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Please select the cellular components of blood from the list below.
Respuesta
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Plasma
-
Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
-
Leukocytes (white blood cells)
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Platelets
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Plasma carries most of the oxygen in the body.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which of the following causes a high hematocrit?
Respuesta
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Exercise in a low-oxygen environment
-
Menstruation
-
Dietary iron deficiency
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Hematocrit is determined by the percentage of blood that is made of platelets.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Please select the following that are TRUE about white blood cells (WBC):
Respuesta
-
Their main function is to support the immune system and defend against all things foreign
-
A high WBC count is a sign that your body is healthy
-
WBC count can be differentiated to help you know what is in your body (virus, bacterium, allergen, etc.)
-
WBCs can leave the blood vessels to go to tissues to the site of an infection or injury
-
WBCs are also known as leukocytes
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
What causes agglutination to occur?
Respuesta
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Antigens attack red blood cells with foreign antibodies, which causes the antigens and antibodies to clump together (agglutinate)
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Antigens attack white blood cells with foreign antibodies, which causes the antigens and antibodies to clump together (agglutinate)
-
Antibodies attack red blood cells with foreign antigens, which causes the antibodies and antigens to clump together (agglutinate)
-
Antibodies attack white blood cells with foreign antigens, which causes the antibodies and antigens to clump together (agglutinate)
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
What are the three steps of blood clotting?
Step 1: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Step 2: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Step 3: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Respuesta
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1. Platelets form a plug
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1. Vascular spasm
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1. Clot forms a solid plug
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2. Platelets form a plug
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2. Vascular spasm
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2. Clot forms a solid plug
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3. Platelets form a plug
-
3. Vascular spasm
-
3. Clot forms a solid plug
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Type O blood is the universal recipient blood type (ie, it can receive blood from any ABO type).
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Select the most appropriate vocabulary term from the drop-down list for each question.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] These vessels have the lowest blood pressure of any vessel on this list
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] This is the smallest blood vessel on this list
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] These blood vessels transport blood from the heart to the tissues of the body
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] These vessels remove fluid from the spaces between the cells in your body's tissues
Respuesta
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1. Artery
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1. Blood capillary
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1. Lymphatic capillary
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1. Vein
-
2. Artery
-
2. Blood capillary
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2. Lymphatic capillary
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2. Vein
-
3. Artery
-
3. Blood capillary
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3. Lymphatic capillary
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3. Vein
-
4. Artery
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4. Blood capillary
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4. Lymphatic capillary
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4. Vein
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Select the appropriate term from the drop-down list for each cellular immunology attribute.
1. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Kill infected body cells
2. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Target specific antigens and can produce memory cells
3. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Can kill a bacterium or virus that has not yet entered one of your cells
4. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] A non-specifc defence
Respuesta
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1. B cell
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1. T cell
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1. Natural killer cell
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1. Phagocytic cell
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1. B cell and T cell
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1. T cell and natural killer cell
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1. Natural killer cell & phagocytic cell
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2. B cell
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2. T cell
-
2. Natural killer cell
-
2. Phagocytic cell
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2. B cell and T cell
-
2. T cell and natural killer cell
-
2. Natural killer cell & phagocytic cell
-
3. B cell
-
3. T cell
-
3. Natural killer cell
-
3. Phagocytic cell
-
3. B cell and T cell
-
3. T cell and natural killer cell
-
3. Natural killer cell & phagocytic cell
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4. B cell
-
4. T cell
-
4. Natural killer cell
-
4. Phagocytic cell
-
4. B cell and T cell
-
4. T cell and natural killer cell
-
4. Natural killer cell & phagocytic cell
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Select the appropriate type of muscle from the drop-down list with its appropriate definition.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Moves a bone of insertion towards a bone of origin
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Lines the walls of blood vessels
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Generates pressure that moves blood around the body
Respuesta
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1. Cardiac muscle
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1. Skeletal muscle
-
1. Smooth muscle
-
2. Cardiac muscle
-
2. Skeletal muscle
-
2. Smooth muscle
-
3. Cardiac muscle
-
3. Skeletal muscle
-
3. Smooth muscle
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
This is the only muscle type that is under voluntary control:
Respuesta
-
Cardiac muscle
-
Skeletal muscle
-
Smooth muscle
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
24. When you stand up suddenly after lying down for awhile, the pressure in your carotid artery (the major blood vessel that delivers ~80% of the blood to your brain) immediately decreases as gravity increases the flow of blood down and away from your brain and impairs the flow upwards toward your brain. How should the carotid artery respond… should it:
Respuesta
-
Contract (vasoconstriction)
-
Relax (vasodilation)
-
Not change
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
If you become dehydrated, and your body senses system-wide low blood pressure, how should your major arteries respond to restore a higher, normal pressure?
Respuesta
-
Contract (vasoconstriction)
-
Relax (vasodilation)
-
Not change
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
If a capillary bed in your spleen senses elevated blood pressure, how should your local arterioles respond to restore a lower, normal, safe pressures?
Respuesta
-
Contract (vasoconstriction)
-
Relax (vasodilation)
-
Not change
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
The major function of the 1st line of defense against pathogens is:
Respuesta
-
Specific defenses fight one particular antigen
-
Non-specific defenses fight off anything foreign that enters the body
-
Keep pathogens out of the body
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Examples of the 1st line of defense against pathogens:
Respuesta
-
Fever, inflammation, Natural Killer cells, phagocytes
-
T cells, B cells, antibodies
-
Skin, acidic secretions, mucous membranes
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
The general function of the 2nd line of defense against pathogens is:
Respuesta
-
Specific defenses fight one particular antigen
-
Keep pathogens out of the body
-
Non-specific defenses fight off anything foreign that enters the body
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Examples of the 2nd line of defense against pathogens include:
Respuesta
-
T cells, B cells, antibodies
-
Fever, inflammation, Natural Killer cells, phagocytes
-
Skin, acidic secretions, mucous membranes
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
The general function of the 3rd line of defense against pathogens is:
Respuesta
-
Specific defenses fight one particular antigen
-
Keep pathogens out of the body
-
Non-specific defenses fight off anything foreign that enters the body
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Examples of the 3rd line of defense against pathogens:
Respuesta
-
Skin, acidic secretions, mucous membranes
-
T cells, B cells, antibodies
-
Fever, inflammation, Natural Killer cells, phagocytes
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Arteries move blood away from the heart.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Veins move blood toward the heart.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Capillaries are the thickest and largest of the blood vessels.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Label the different muscle layers of blood vessels.
Respuesta
-
1. Smooth muscle with elastic fibers
-
1. Endothelium
-
1. Connective tissue
-
2. Smooth muscle with elastic fibers
-
2. Endothelium
-
2. Connective tissue
-
3. Smooth muscle with elastic fibers
-
3. Endothelium
-
3. Connective tissue
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
An aneurysm is a weakening of the blood vessel wall.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Select the following which can cause an aneurysm to occur:
Respuesta
-
The blood vessel bulges outward
-
The blood vessel pinches inward
-
The blood vessel dies
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
What are the three methods of venous return (ie, how does blood return to the heart)?
1. [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
2. [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
3. [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
One-way valves
-
Skeletal muscles
-
Respiratory muscles
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
These are the thin-walled receiving chambers of the heart:
Respuesta
-
Right atrium
-
Right ventricle
-
Left atrium
-
Left ventricle
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
These are the thick-walled, strong chambers of the heart:
Respuesta
-
Right atrium
-
Right ventricle
-
Left atrium
-
Left ventricle
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
What is the proper order of the SYSTEMIC CIRCUIT of the heart?
[blank_start]left atrium[blank_end] --> [blank_start]left ventricle[blank_end] --> [blank_start]aorta[blank_end] --> [blank_start]body[blank_end] --> [blank_start]inferior vena cava[blank_end] --> [blank_start]right atrium[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
left atrium
-
left ventricle
-
aorta
-
body
-
inferior vena cava
-
right atrium
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
Arrange the following components of a muscle in order of increasing size:
Respuesta
-
Myofibril, fiber, fascicle, muscle
-
Fiber, myofibril, fascicle, muscle
-
Muscle, myofibril, fascicle, fiber
-
Fascicle, myofibril, fiber, muscle
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
The primary energy source used by muscle cells to generate ATP is
Respuesta
-
Calcium ions
-
Fatty acids
-
Proteins
-
Glucose
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Blood doping is artificially increasing
Respuesta
-
Volume of blood plasma
-
Overall volume of blood
-
Number of RBCs
-
Number of WBCs
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Calcium is important in muscle contractions because it
Respuesta
-
Helps the muscle action potential spread throughout the muscle cell
-
Binds to troponin, which moves tropomyosin away from myosin binding sites on actin
-
Quickly regenerates ATP after the ATP stored in the cell is used up
-
Binds to myosin, causing actin to slide past myosin, which causes the muscle to shorten
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
Which of the following would NOT cause an increase in the force generated by a contracting muscle?
Respuesta
-
More motor units recruited (or stimulated)
-
Larger motor units recruited (or stimulated)
-
Action potentials sent to the muscle more frequently
-
Larger action potentials sent to the muscle
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
Passive immunity differs from active immunity in that passive immunity:
Respuesta
-
Is not effective against a preexisting condition
-
Involves the introduction of antibodies from an outside source
-
Results in the production of memory cells
-
Causes long-term immunity
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Hemoglobin is a component of blood plasma.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
This type of cell is responsible for producing and releasing antibodies:
Respuesta
-
Plasma cell
-
Phagocyte
-
Natural killer cell
-
T cell
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
The “lub” of the “lub-dub” heart sounds that can be heard through a stethoscope happens when the right and left [blank_start]ventricles[blank_end] [blank_start]contract[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
ventricles
-
atria
-
relax
-
contract
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
Vaccines contain antigens of the pathogen.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
Which of the following cell types is most useful to a runner in a marathon?
Respuesta
-
Slow-twitch muscle fibers
-
Fast-twitch muscle fibers
-
Reticular muscle fibers
-
Tetanic muscle fibers
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
An [blank_start]embolism[blank_end] occurs when a clot that forms in an undamaged vessel becomes dislodged, circulates through blood vessels, and eventually becomes stuck in a vessel, thereby blocking the flow of blood through that vessel.
Respuesta
-
embolism
-
aneurysm
-
infarction
-
thrombus
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
A person with dysfunctional platelets will have problems with
Respuesta
-
Fatigue/low energy levels
-
Increased risk of infection
-
Inflammatory responses
-
Impaired blood clotting
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
The left ventricle has a more muscular wall than the other three chambers of the heart because the left ventricle must generate enough blood pressure to pump blood to tissues throughout the body.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
When the hormone erythropoietin is released in response to low oxygen levels, it is transported to [blank_start]red bone marrow[blank_end] to stimulate red blood cell production.
Respuesta
-
kidney
-
spleen
-
red bone marrow
-
liver
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
Match each definition with its associated term from the drop-down list.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A disorder of the respiratory system that causes permanent damage by breaking down lung tissue
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A blockage in a blood vessel that deprives cells of oxygen, causing tissue death
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Caused by an infection in the respiratory tract that increases mucus production, which decreases airway diameter, reducing air flow
4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Can be caused by reduced iron, hemoglobin, or red blood cells
Respuesta
-
1. Asthma
-
1. Bronchitis
-
1. Emphysema
-
2. Anemia
-
2. Aneurysm
-
2. Embolism
-
3. Asthma
-
3. Bronchitis
-
3. Emphysema
-
4. Anemia
-
4. Aneurysm
-
4. Embolism
Pregunta 62
Pregunta
Match the appropriate term from the drop-down list to the following definitions.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] The volume of air that fills your lungs after you’ve exhaled as much air as you possibly can
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] CANNOT be measured using a spirometer
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end]The amount of air entering the lungs during a normal resting breath
Respuesta
-
1. Vital capacity
-
1. Residual volume
-
1. Tidal volume
-
1. Total lung capacity
-
3. Vital capacity
-
3. Residual volume
-
3. Tidal volume
-
3. Total lung capacity
-
2. Vital capacity and residual volume
-
2. Vital capacity and tidal volume
-
2. Vital capacity & total lung capacity
-
2. Residual volume and tidal volume
-
2. Residual volume & total lung capacity
-
2. Tidal volume & total lung capacity
Pregunta 63
Pregunta
Match the appropriate term from the drop-down box to its definition.
1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Fragments of cells that help form blood clots
2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Carries most of the oxygen traveling in your blood
3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Makes up more than half of the volume of your blood
Respuesta
-
1. Blood plasma
-
1. Platelets
-
1. White blood cells
-
1. Red blood cells
-
2. Blood plasma
-
2. Platelets
-
2. White blood cells
-
2. Red blood cells
-
3. Blood plasma
-
3. Platelets
-
3. White blood cells
-
3. Red blood cells
Pregunta 64
Pregunta
The functional difference between the systemic circuit and the pulmonary circuit is that the systemic circuit [blank_start]delivers oxygen[blank_end] [blank_start]to tissues[blank_end] and the pulmonary circuit [blank_start]picks up oxygen[blank_end] [blank_start]from the lungs[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
1. delivers oxygen
-
1. picks up oxygen
-
2. to tissues
-
2. from the lungs
-
3. delivers oxygen
-
3. picks up oxygen
-
4. to tissues
-
4. from the lungs
Pregunta 65
Pregunta
The pulmonary circuit uses more pressure than the systemic circuit.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 66
Pregunta
A typical blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Does this refer to pulmonary or systemic pressure? [blank_start]______[blank_end]
2. What’s happening in the heart to generate the 120 mmHg?
[blank_start]_______________[blank_end]
3. What’s happening in the heart when the blood pressure falls to 80 mmHg?
[blank_start]_______________[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
pulmonary pressure
-
systemic pressure
-
2. ventricular systole
-
2. ventricular diastole
-
3. ventricular systole
-
3. ventricular diastole
Pregunta 67
Pregunta
You feel cold at the beginning of a fever because chemicals released cause your brain (hypothalamus) to reset your body’s thermostat to a higher temperature, which causes you to feel cold even though your body is at its usual 98.6°F.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 68
Pregunta
Your fever ‘breaks’ when your hypothalamus resets your thermostat back to the normal temperature, but because your body has increased its temperature to match the higher setting you now feel hot.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 69
Pregunta
One benefit of a high fever is that proteins can denature (unfold) at high temperatures.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 70
Pregunta
One risk of a high fever is that it may inhibit some bacterial growth.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 71
Pregunta
When you breath more deeply and quickly during exercise, this helps you
Respuesta
-
Unload more carbon dioxide by increasing the percent of air in your lungs that is carbon dioxide.
-
Unload more carbon dioxide by decreasing the total air pressure in your lungs.
-
Get more oxygen by increasing the percent of air in your lungs that is oxygen.
-
Get more oxygen by increasing the total air pressure in your lungs.
Pregunta 72
Pregunta
When hiking in the mountains at 12,000 ft of elevation, the atmospheric pressure is about 483mmHg. Oxygen makes up ~14% of alveolar air. The alveolar (lung) PO2 (partial pressure of oxygen) would be [blank_start]66mmHg[blank_end], which will result in [blank_start]less[blank_end] oxygen moving into the blood compared to what you would experience at sea level, where the atmospheric pressure is [blank_start]higher[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
66mmHg
-
760mmHg
-
less
-
more
-
higher
-
lower
Pregunta 73
Pregunta
A quiet/resting exhale relies on
Respuesta
-
Contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles
-
Contraction of intercostal and abdominal muscles
-
Recoil of lung tissues and contraction of the internal intercostal muscles
-
Surface tension of fluid lining the air sacs in the lungs and recoil of elastic fibers in lung tissue.
Pregunta 74
Pregunta
Select the following true statements about the effect of smoking on the respiratory system:
Respuesta
-
Smoking inhibits the activity of cilia lining the respiratory tract.
-
Particles and debris from the smoke accumulate in the mucus of the airway and increase risk for infections by pathogens.
-
The production of mucus increases in response to the presence of smoke.
-
Cilia once damaged by smoking can regrow once you stop smoking.
Pregunta 75
Pregunta
When comparing viruses and bacteria, which of the following is correct?
Respuesta
-
Viruses are larger than bacteria
-
Viruses and bacteria contain genetic material
-
Viruses have membrane-bound organelles; bacteria do not have membrane-bound organelles
-
Viruses are pathogens; bacteria are beneficial
Pregunta 76
Pregunta
Select all of the lymphatic structures from the list below:
Respuesta
-
Thymus
-
Spleen
-
Kidney
-
Tonsils
Pregunta 77
Pregunta
Erythropoietin is released by the [blank_start]kidneys[blank_end] and travels through the blood to the [blank_start]red bone marrow[blank_end] where it stimulates red blood cell production.
Respuesta
-
1. Thymus
-
1. Kidneys
-
2. Thymus
-
2. Kidneys
-
1. Red bone marrow
-
2. Red bone marrow
Pregunta 78
Pregunta
Breathing in carbon monoxide can cause health problems because
Respuesta
-
It competes with oxygen for binding sites on hemoglobin, which reduces oxygen loading at the lungs and delivery to the tissues
-
It can come out of solution while circulating in the blood, which forms tiny, painful bubbles in the blood
-
It can cause the formation of blood clots, which can block blood flow through vessels and cause tissue death from lack of oxygen
-
It reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide in the blood
Pregunta 79
Pregunta
Ebola has a high [blank_start]virulence[blank_end] but a fairly low [blank_start]transmissibility[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
1. transmissibility
-
1. virulence
-
2. transmissibility
-
2. virulence
Pregunta 80
Pregunta
The "lub" of the "lub-dub" heart sounds that can be heard through a stethoscope happens when which valves close? Select all that apply.
Respuesta
-
Aortic semilunar valve
-
Pulmonary semilunar valve
-
Tricuspid valve
-
Bicuspid (mitral) valve
Pregunta 81
Pregunta
Vaccination results in passive immunity.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 82
Pregunta
The [blank_start]alveoli[blank_end] is the site of gas exchange.
Respuesta
-
larynx
-
alveoli
-
thymus
-
trachea
Pregunta 83
Pregunta
Humans must constantly breathe in oxygen in order to stay alive, because they use oxygen
Respuesta
-
To efficiently make large quantities of ATP
-
As an important source of energy for cells
-
To make carbon dioxide, which is then used to produce ATP
-
To make glucose
Pregunta 84
Pregunta
Which of the following causes the swelling that is part of inflammation?
Respuesta
-
Vasoconstriction of local blood vessels
-
Enlargement of lymph nodes
-
Increased permeability or leakiness of local blood vessels
-
T cells that are attracted to the site of injury or infection
Pregunta 85
Pregunta
As you exhale, the diaphragm [blank_start]relaxes[blank_end] and becomes [blank_start]more[blank_end] dome-shaped.
Respuesta
-
contracts
-
relaxes
-
less
-
more
Pregunta 86
Pregunta
As you inhale, the diaphragm [blank_start]contracts[blank_end] and becomes [blank_start]less[blank_end] dome-shaped.
Respuesta
-
contracts
-
relaxes
-
less
-
more
Pregunta 87
Pregunta
The smallest known pathogens that contain RNA or DNA are called
Respuesta
-
Prions
-
Bacteria
-
Viruses
-
Allergens
Pregunta 88
Pregunta
Hypertension risk factors:
[blank_start]High salt intake[blank_end]
[blank_start]Stress[blank_end]
[blank_start]Age[blank_end]
[blank_start]Heredity[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
High salt intake
-
Stress
-
Age
-
Heredity
Pregunta 89
Pregunta
A heart attack is caused by the death of tissue due to a coronary vessel blockage.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 90
Pregunta
The immune system and lymphatic system are synonymous (the same).
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 91
Pregunta
Select the following that are part of the INNATE defense system
Respuesta
-
Native killer cells
-
T cells
-
B cells
-
Neutrophils
-
Eosinophils
Pregunta 92
Pregunta
Cytotoxic T cells:
Respuesta
-
Non-specific
-
Specific to one antigen
-
Memory response
-
Activated in the bloodstream
-
Activated in a lymph node
-
Kill abnormal or infected cells
Pregunta 93
Pregunta
The flu shot gives you passive immunity.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 94
Pregunta
[blank_start]Antigens[blank_end] are in active immunization that helps you fight infections, whereas [blank_start]antibodies[blank_end] are in passive immunization that helps your body fight infections.
Respuesta
-
1. Antigens
-
1. Antibodies
-
2. antigens
-
2. antibodies
Pregunta 95
Pregunta
The upper respiratory tract deals with air only.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 96
Pregunta
The purpose of the diaphragm is to power breathing.
Respuesta
- True
- False
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