12636098
Descripción
Test por Alannah McDonnell, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Alannah McDonnell
hace casi 7 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Oxygen can be toxic
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which of theses are reasons that oxygen is essential?
Respuesta
-
Oxidation reactions
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Generation of ATP (oxidative phosphorylation)
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Detoxification reactions
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Anaerobic glycolysis
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Bio synthetic reactions
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Why is oxygen classified as toxic?
Respuesta
-
When it accepts single electrons it is transformed into highly reactive oxygen radicals than can damage things.
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When it accepts double electrons it is transformed into highly reactive oxygen radicals than can damage things.
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When it accepts single electrons it is transformed into non-reactive oxygen radicals than can damage things.
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It takes part in unnecessary reactions
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
What do oxygen radicals damage?
Respuesta
-
Cellular lipids
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Proteins
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DNA
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Glucose
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Starch
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
What are the major sources of primary ROS in the cell?
Respuesta
-
CoQ generates superoxide in ETC
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Respiration in lungs
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Oxidase, oxygenates and peroxidases
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Ionizing radiation
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Non-ionizing radiation
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Where can evidence of free radical damage be seen?
Respuesta
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>100 disease states
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<100 disease states
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>1000 disease states
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Where is evidence of free radical damage in disease states described?
Respuesta
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As primary cause of the disease
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By enhancing complications
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In the lumen of cells
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Superoxide and the hydroxyl radical Initiate lipid peroxidation in..
Respuesta
-
Cellular membrane
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Mitochondrial membrane
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Nuclear membrane
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ER membrane
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Increase in membrane permeability due to radical-mediated damage leads to..
Respuesta
-
A further influx of ca2+
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Repair of the mtiochondria
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Ca2+ leaving the cell
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Further escaping of radicals
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Oxidation of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA results in ...
Respuesta
-
Strand breaks
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Various damages
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RNOS
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Influx of Ca2+
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Disruption of the mitochondrial membrane may augment free radical damage
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Oxygen derived free radicals are a minor source of DNA damage
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
The non-specific binding of Fe2+ to DNA...
Respuesta
-
facilitates localized production of the hydroxyl radical
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Can attack the deoxyribose backbone
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Can cause strand breaks
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Will cause apoptosis
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Can be protective
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
At high concentrations nitrogen combines with oxygen or superoxide to form reactive and toxic species which contain both N and O.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
RNOS’s are implicated in ...
Respuesta
-
Neurodegenerative diseases
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Chronic inflammatory diseases
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Hay fever
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Alcoholism
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Hunger
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
What are some of the consequences of high concentrations of NO during inflammation?
Respuesta
-
Inhibition of enzymes
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Mitochondrial lipid peroxidation
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Inhibition of ETC and energy depletion
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Single or double strand breaks in DNA
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Modification of bases in DNA
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