14854121
Descripción
Test por Annelise Salmela, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Annelise Salmela
hace más de 6 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Electrolytes are always balanced [blank_start]positive charge[blank_end] to [blank_start]negative charge[blank_end].
Respuesta
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positive charge
-
negative charge
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Clinical signs of hypernatremia are...
Respuesta
-
Skin Flushed
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Agitation
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Low grade fever
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Thirst
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Bloating
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Edema
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Salt crystals on skin
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
The most serious complications related to hypernatremia are...
Respuesta
-
seizures and coma
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heart and renal failure
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dehydration
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Treatment for hypernatremia caused by low fluid volume includes
Respuesta
-
oral fluid replacement
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isotonic IV fluids
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hypotonic IV fluids
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hypertonic IV fluids
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sodium-free IV fluids
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diuretics
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Treatment for hypernatremia caused by excess sodium includes...
Respuesta
-
sodium-free IV fluids
-
diuretics
-
oral fluid replacement
-
hypotonic IV fluids
-
hypertonic IV fluids
-
isotonic IV fluids
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
In intracellular fluid (ICF), the primary cation is [blank_start]potassium (K+)[blank_end] and the primary anion is [blank_start]phosphate (PO4-3)[blank_end]. In extracellular fluid (ECF), the primary cation is [blank_start]sodium (Na+)[blank_end] and the primary anion is [blank_start]chloride (Cl-)[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
potassium (K+)
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phosphate (PO4-3)
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sodium (Na+)
-
chloride (Cl-)
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
What are nursing diagnoses for hypernatremia?
Respuesta
-
risk for injury
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risk for fluid volume deficit
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risk for electrolyte imbalance
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risk for fluid volume overload
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risk for electrolyte overload
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risk for impaired fluid intake
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Causes of hyponatremia are...
Respuesta
-
loss of sodium-containing fluids
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excess water intake
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potassium overload
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cardiac or neurological issues
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Fluid overload r/t hyponatremia (>110 mEq) is treated with
Respuesta
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Isotonic normal saline (NS)
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high sodium foods
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oral sodium supplements
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hypertonic saline (3% NaCL)
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decreased fluid intake
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increased fluid intake
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D5W
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Lactaid Ringer's
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Severe hyponatremia (<110mEq sodium) is treated with
Respuesta
-
hypertonic saline (3% NaCL)
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isotonic normal saline (NS)
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
M.H. a 62 y/o female, was admitted with confusion and lethargy related to hyponatremia. Her husband tells you that MH. had c/o diarrhea over the past week and was drinking lots of water to prevent dehydration. What caused M.H.'s serum sodium level to fall?
Respuesta
-
hyponatremia
-
hypervolemia
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diarrhea
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hypernatremia
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hypovolemia
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Normal plasma potassium ranges between...
Respuesta
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3.5-5.0 mEq/L
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3.0-5.0 mEq/L
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3.5-5.5 mEq/L
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3.0-5.5 mEq/L
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Functions of potassium include
Respuesta
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regulating protein synthesis
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glucose use and storage
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maintaining action potential in excitable membranes
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regulating insulin
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Sources of potassium include...
Respuesta
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potatoes
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bananas
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oranges
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salt substitutes
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stored blood
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normal saline
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Potassium is regulated by the GI tract
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
50% of all hypokalemia cases are caused by dietary insufficiency
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Metabolic alkalosis and magnesium deficiency can cause hypokalemia.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
The usual dose of potassium is 20-60 mEq every 12 hours
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Clinical manifestations of hypokalemia include
Respuesta
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cardiac dysrthythmias
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weak legs
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difficulty breathing
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decreased GI motility
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impaired regulation of arteriolar blood flow
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hyperglycemia
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hypoglycemia
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pleural effusion
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
A [blank_start]tele box[blank_end] is used to continuously monitor cardiac rhythm in patients with hyperkalmeia.
Respuesta
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tele box
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Overdosing on Lasix can cause hyperkalemia
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Intravenous potassium can be administered via IV push.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Nephrolithiasis is a fancy word for [blank_start]kidney stones[blank_end].
Respuesta
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kidney stones
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Clinical manifestations of hyperkalemia include...
Respuesta
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cramping leg pain
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weak or paralyzed skeletal muscles
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abdominal cramping or diarrhea
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cardiac dysrhythmias
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2+ pitting edema
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confusion
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low grade fever
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dry-flushed skin
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Elimination of excess potassium is achieved by
Respuesta
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diuretics
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dialysis
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Kayexalate
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Syrup of Ipecac
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increasing physical activity
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cardiac medications
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fluid restrictions
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intravenous calcium gluconate
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insulin
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
The relationship between calcium and phosphorous is best described as
Respuesta
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a teeter-totter
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two peas in a pod
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a swingset
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it's complicated
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Two thirds of hypercalcemia cases are caused by osteoporosis
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Treatment of hypercalcemia includes...
Respuesta
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loop diuretic
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isotonic saline
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3% NaCL IV
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immobilization
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physical activity
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synthetic calcitonin
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biphosphonates
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increasing intake of dairy products
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Decreased PTH, acute pancreatitis, multiple blood transfusions, and alkalosis can cause
Respuesta
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hypocalcemia
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hypercalcemia
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hyperglycemia
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hyperkalemia
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