B3- Science. Cells, Genes and Enzymes.

Descripción

Quiz on the B3 GCSE biology. Covers topics of Cells, DNA, Protein Synthesis, Functions of Proteins, More on Enzymes, Mutations, Multiplying cells, Meiosis, Gametes and Fertilisation, Stem Cells, Differentiation and Growth, Growth and Respiration.
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Creado por MissChurro hace alrededor de 10 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
What is a Nucleus?
Respuesta
  • Gel-like substance where most of the cell's chemical reactions happen.
  • The part of the cell which contains DNA in the form of chromosomes
  • Where proteins are synthesised

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
A cell membrane is...
Respuesta
  • where most of the reactions involved in respiration take place.
  • what holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out.
  • a gel-like substance where most of the cell's chemical reactions happen.

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
What is a ribosome?
Respuesta
  • Where proteins are synthesised.
  • The part that holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out.
  • Where most of the reactions involved in respiration take place.

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Cytoplasm is...
Respuesta
  • the part of the cell which contains DNA in the form of chromosomes.
  • a gel-like substance where most of the cell's chemical reactions happen.
  • a relatively large structure that contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts.

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
What is Mitochondria?
Respuesta
  • Where most of the reactions involved in respiration occur.
  • Where photosynthesis happens.
  • Another name for a bacterial cell.

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Cells that need lots of energy contain many mitochondria. Which cells need lots if mitochondria?
Respuesta
  • Liver and Muscle cells.
  • Plant cells.
  • Every cell.

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
Instead of a nucleus, what do bacterial cells have?
Respuesta
  • Chloroplasts.
  • A single-circular strand of DNA.
  • Mitochondria.

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
What are Chromosomes?
Respuesta
  • Cell malfunctions.
  • Long molecules of coiled up DNA.
  • Enzymes.

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
DNA is a double helix (a double stranded spiral). Each of the two DNA strands are made up of what?
Respuesta
  • Proteins.
  • Cricks.
  • Nucleotides.

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
Nucleotides contain a small molecule called a "base". How many bases are there and what are they called?
Respuesta
  • 3-BOE
  • 5-TRLE
  • 4-ACGT

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
Each base forms cross links to a base on the other strand. This keeps the two DNA strands tightly wound together. But which base pairs, pair with each other?
Respuesta
  • A pairs with G, and T pairs with C.
  • A pairs with T and C pairs with G.
  • T pairs with G and A pairs with C.

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
Who were the first scientists ever to build a model of DNA?
Respuesta
  • Catson and Wrick.
  • Darwin and Lamarck.
  • Watson and Crick.

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
What data did Watson and Crick use from other scientists to form the model of DNA?
Respuesta
  • X-Rays showing double helix and data showing that bases occurred in pairs.
  • An X-ray of a skeleton.
  • Graphs showing DNA shrinking.

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
What does DNA do every time a cell divides?
Respuesta
  • Adds another strand.
  • Adds another "base" called O.
  • Copies itself so that each new cells still has the full amount of DNA.

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
What do new nucleotides do during this process?
Respuesta
  • Break up.
  • Join on using complementary base-pairing (ATCG). Making an exact copy.
  • Lose base pairs.

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
Which is correct?
Respuesta
  • |-TA-| |-AC-| |-GT-| |-GA-| |-AT-|
  • |-TA-| |-AT-| |-GC-| |-GC-| |-AT-|

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
What does DNA control the production of?
Respuesta
  • Proteins.
  • Oxygen.
  • Blood.

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
A section of DNA that codes for a particular proteins is called a...
Respuesta
  • Enzyme.
  • Nucleus.
  • Gene.

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
Proteins are made up of chains of molecules called what?
Respuesta
  • Cells.
  • Chloroplasts.
  • Amino Acids.

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
Each different protein has its own particular number and order of amino acids.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
If each protein has its own particular number and order of amino acids, does this give the proteins a different shape or a different function?
Respuesta
  • Yes
  • No

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
How many bases is an amino acid coded by?
Respuesta
  • 4. (Quad)
  • 2. (Pair)
  • 3. (Triple)

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
The amino acids are joined together to make proteins, following how many bases there are in a gene.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
So, why does each gene contain a different sequence of bases?
Respuesta
  • So it can produce more cells.
  • So it can code for a unique protein.

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
What carries the code to the Ribosomes?
Respuesta
  • DNA.
  • Proteins.
  • mRNA.

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
Where are the ribosomes?
Respuesta
  • The Nucleus.
  • The Cytoplasm.
  • The Mitochondria.

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
To make proteins, ribosomes use the code in the DNA. DNA is found in the cell nucleus an can't move out of it because...
Respuesta
  • DNA is really big.
  • The DNA will get lost.
  • DNA is really small.

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
If the DNA can't leave the cell then another molecule is needed to get the code from the DNA to the Ribosome. This is called mRNA. How is it used?
Respuesta
  • It takes the code from the DNA.
  • It produces more DNA.
  • It copies the code from the DNA.

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
DNA controls a cell by...
Respuesta
  • turning the cell on and off.
  • controlling protein production.
  • making more DNA.

Pregunta 30

Pregunta
Different types of cell have different functions because they make different proteins.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 31

Pregunta
Why do some genes switched off?
Respuesta
  • So certain proteins are not produced.
  • So more proteins can be produced in different places.

Pregunta 32

Pregunta
In a muscle cell, which genes are switched on and which are switched off?
Respuesta
  • Bone, nerve and skin cells are switched on and muscle cells are off, to conserve energy.
  • Or are muscle cells switched on and bone, nerve and skin cells are switched off.

Pregunta 33

Pregunta
What is the function of a carrier molecule?
Respuesta
  • To carry messages around the body.
  • Strengthen connective tissues.
  • To transport smaller molecules.

Pregunta 34

Pregunta
What is the function of a hormone?
Respuesta
  • To produce proteins. e.g. muscle proteins.
  • To carry messages around the body. e.g. insulin.
  • To strengthen connective tissues.
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