16974913
Descripción
Test por Alison Chase, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Alison Chase
hace más de 5 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
The animal extracellular matrix contains what in comparison to plant ECM?
Respuesta
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collagen
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more protein in comparison to carbohydrate
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microfibrils
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both collagen and protein
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both collagen and microfibrils
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Desmosomes are a cell-cell attachment mostly commonly found in which of the following animal cells?
Respuesta
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nerve cells
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muscle cells
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epithelial cells
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nerve and muscle cells
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epithelial and muscle cells
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT part of a desmosome?
Respuesta
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attaches the plasma membrane of adjacent cells
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has membrane proteins that link cells
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has intermediate filaments
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has plasmodesmata that connect cytoplasm of adjacent cells
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a lipid-soluble signaling molecule?
Respuesta
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steroids
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estrogen
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cortisol
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all choices are lipid soluble
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
In order for a G protein to be activated, what needs to occur?
Respuesta
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ADP needs to become ATP
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ATP needs to transfer energy to GDP
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GDP becomes GTP
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GTP becomes GDP
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a second messenger?
Respuesta
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cGMP
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DAG
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cAMP
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KCC
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Which of the following demonstrates the mechanics of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors
Respuesta
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G protein remains inactive when bound to GTP
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G protein remains inactive when bound to GDP
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G protein splits into two parts when activated
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A second messenger triggers a response when bound to the signal receptor
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Where are the protein components of the extracellular matrix synthesized?
Respuesta
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in the rough ER
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in the Golgi apparatus
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in the plasma membrane
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in the extracellular layer itself
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
[blank_start]Lipid-soluble[blank_end] signaling molecules often pass through the plasma membrane and bind to cytosolic signal receptors. Signaling molecules that are [blank_start]not lipid soluble[blank_end] often bind to signal receptors in the plasma membrane.
Respuesta
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Lipid-soluble
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Non-lipid soluble
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Hydrophobic
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non-lipid soluble
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lipid soluble
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hydrophilic
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
One unique feature of lipid soluble signaling molecules are their ability to
Respuesta
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behave as transcription factors
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use a signal transduction system
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act as kinases
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both behave as transcription factors and act as kinases
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both use a signal transduction system and act as kinases
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
The connecting of cytoskeletons between adjacent cells in animal tissues is accomplished using
Respuesta
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gap junctions
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desmosomes
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tight junctions
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hormones
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
The use of signal transduction systems enables cells to
Respuesta
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activate and/or deactivate specific cellular activities
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control gene expression
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amplify cellular responses
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activate/deactivate specific cellular activities and control gene expression
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all choices would apply
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Who discovered the secondary structure of DNA?
Respuesta
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Hershey and Chase
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Watson and Crick
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Stahl and Meselson
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Hershey and Crick
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Which of the following images depicts semiconservative replication?
Respuesta
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
How many origins of replication do eukaryotic chromosomes have?
Respuesta
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1
-
2
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several
-
0
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
What is the primary responsibility of SSBPs?
Respuesta
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relieves twisting forces of helicase
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open the double helix
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prevent the rebinding of separate strands of DNA
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final linking process of DNA nucleotides
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which is true of telomerase?
Respuesta
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contains its own RNA template
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works in the synthesis of RNA
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works in the synthesis of DNA
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contains its own DNA template
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Which of the following types of repair occurs after DNA synthesis is complete?
Respuesta
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proofreading
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mismatch repair
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nucleotide excision repair
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just mismatch and nucleotide excision repair
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all of the choices are correct
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Synthesis of the [blank_start]leading strand[blank_end] is continuous, but synthesis of the [blank_start]lagging strand[blank_end] is discontinuous because on that strand, the DNA polymerase moves away from the replication fork.
Respuesta
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leading strand
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lagging strand
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lagging strand
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leading strand
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a property of DNA polymerase?
Respuesta
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it adds dNTPs only in the 5' --> 3' direction
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it requires a primer to work
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it is associated with a sliding clamp only on the leading strand
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its exonuclease activity is involved in proofreading
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
How are Okazaki fragments synthesized?
Respuesta
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using the leading strand template, and synthesizing 5' --> 3'
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using the leading strand template, and synthesizing 3' --> 5'
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using the lagging strand template, and synthesizing 5' --> 3'
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using the lagging strand template, and synthesizing 3' --> 5'
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
The enzyme involved in adding new nucleotides to the leading and lagging strands of DNA during replication could be
Respuesta
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helicase
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RNA polymerase
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DNA polymerase I
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ATP synthase
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Multiple RNA primers and fragments of DNA during DNA replication would be characteristic of
Respuesta
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the lagging strand of DNA
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the replication fork
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prokaryotes
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the leading strand of DNA
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
mtDNA has the following characteristics
Respuesta
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comes only from the mother
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the haploid number of chromosomes
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the diploid number of chromosomes
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none of the above
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Which of the following is the central dogma of biology?
Respuesta
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DNA --> RNA ---> mtDNA
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DNA ---> RNA ---> proteins
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RNA ---> proteins ---> DNA
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proteins ---> RNA ---> DNA
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT an example of a genotype?
Respuesta
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blue eyes
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AA
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one heterozygous allele, one homozygous allele
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none of the choice are representative of a genotype
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Which of the following is the universal start codon?
Respuesta
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AGU
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AGA
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AUG
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
What are the three stop codons that signal that the end of translation?
Respuesta
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UAA, UGA, UAG
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AAU, GUA, UGA
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AAA, GUA, UAA
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none of the choices are correct
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Which of the following is not true about the genetic code?
Respuesta
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The code is redundant
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The code is ambiguous
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The code is non-overlapping
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The code is nearly universal
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Which of the following point mutation are most likely to be deleterious?
Respuesta
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silent, missense, frameshift
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missense, nonsense, frameshift
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frameshift, nonsense silent
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
The two purine bases in the DNA are
Respuesta
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adenine and thymine
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adenine and guanine
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cytosine and guanine
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thymine and cytosine
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
A codon would contain
Respuesta
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2 nucleotides
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4 nucleotides
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6 nucleotides
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3 nucleotides
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Point mutations that alter the meaning of subsequent codons are called
Respuesta
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silent mutation
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chromosomal mutation
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frameshift mutation
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
What must bind to bacterial RNA polymerase before transcription can begin?
Respuesta
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TATA box
-
promoters
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sigma protein
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Why do NTPs have a significant amount of potential energy?
Respuesta
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because of its one phosphate group
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because of its two phosphate groups
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because of its three phosphate groups
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Which of the following are part of eukaryotic RNA processing?
Respuesta
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addition of 5' cap on mRNAs
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addition of 3' poly (A) tail
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addition of promoter that contains -35 and -10 box
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addition of 3' poly (A) tail and 5' cap
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addition of promoter and 3' poly (A) tail
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
What is removed from eukaryotic RNA transcripts?
Respuesta
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introns
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exons
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both are removed
-
some of each are removed
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
The secondary structure of tRNA resembles...
Respuesta
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an L
-
a cloverleaf
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there is no such thing as secondary structure of tRNA
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Which is the correct sequence of the elongation of translation?
Respuesta
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First: incoming aminoacyl tRNA, Second: A site becomes empty, Third: peptide bond is formed between tRNA in P and A site.
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First: incoming aminoacyl tRNA, Second: peptide bond is formed between tRNA in P and A site, Third: A site becomes empty
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First: A site becomes empty, Second: Peptide bond is formed between tRNA in A and P site, Third: incoming aminoacyl tRNA
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Which of the following does NOT take place in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell?
Respuesta
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Translation
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Transcription
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RNA processing
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Translation initiation occurs when...
Respuesta
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the ribosome binding site on an mRNA bind to an rRNA sequence in the small ribosomal subunit
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the initiator aminoacyl tRNA binds to the start codon in the mRNA
-
the large subunit of the ribosome attaches to the small subunit
-
all choices are correct
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
What does a bacterial RNA polymerase produce when it transcribe a protein-coding gene?
Respuesta
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rRNA
-
tRNA
-
mRNA
-
snRNA
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Temperature-sensitive conditional mutations cause expression of a wild-type phenotype at one growth temperature and a mutant phenotype at another -typically higher- temperature. Imagine that when a bacterial cell carrying such a mutation is shifted from low to high growth temperatures, RNA polymerases in the process of elongation complete transcription normally, but no new transcripts can be started. The mutation in this strain most likely effects which feature?
Respuesta
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the terminator sequence
-
the start codon
-
sigma
-
one of the polypeptides at the core RNA polymerase
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Which enzymes link the correct amino acid to the correct tRNA?
Respuesta
-
aminoacyl-mRNA synthases
-
aminoacyl-rRNA synthases
-
aminoacyl-tRNA synthases
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
The information used in translation to a peptide, specifying which codon codes for which amino acid is carried by
Respuesta
-
mRNA
-
tRNA
-
rRNA
-
aminoacyl tRNA synthases
-
snR
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
Destruction of an mRNA in the cytoplasm prior to reaching a ribosome would be considered a
Respuesta
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post transcriptional process
-
pre-transcriptional process
-
pre-translational process
-
both pre translational and pre transcriptional process
-
both pre translational and post transcriptional process
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
In [blank_start]eukaryotes[blank_end], transcription and translation of an RNA cannot occur together because transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation occurs in the cytoplasm.
Respuesta
-
eukaryotes
-
prokaryotes
-
bacteria
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Any technique for picking particular types of mutants out of many randomly generated mutants is known as...
Respuesta
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null alleles
-
metabolic pathway
-
genetic screen
-
gene expression
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
What holds DNA polymerase in place during strand extension?
Respuesta
-
sliding clamp
-
DNA ligase
-
Primase
-
Topoisomerase
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
an exterior protein coat as seen in Hershey and Chase's experiment is known as
Respuesta
-
osteoblast
-
capsid
-
abscission
-
capillary wall
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