18280936
Descripción
Test por Med Student , actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Med Student
hace más de 5 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
If you want Flashcards go to
https://quizlet.com/_6qwiqw
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Portal hypertension is defined by a portal pressure higher than
Respuesta
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5 mm Hg
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10 mm Hg
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15 mm Hg
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20 mm Hg
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25 mm Hg
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which collateral network is clinically the most important when we discuss development of portosystemic collateralization due to portal hypertension?
Respuesta
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the recanalized umbilical vein from the left portal vein to the epigastric venous system (caput medusae)
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retroperitoneal collateral vessels
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collateral network through the coronary and short gastric veins to the azygos vein
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the hemorrhoidal venous plexus
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the anatomic and physiologic (e.g. capillarization of hepatic sinusoids) intrahepatic shunts
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Which of these conditions accounts for approximately 50% of cases of portal hypertension in children?
Respuesta
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Portal vein thrombosis
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Schistosomiasis
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Alcoholic cirrhosis
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Budd-Chiari syndrome
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Constrictive pericarditis
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Alcohol cirrhosis, the most common cause of portal hypertension, usually causes increased resistance to portal flow at
Respuesta
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the presinusoidal and sinusoidal levels
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the sinusoidal and postsinusoidal levels
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only the presinusoidal level
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only the postsinusoidal level
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all three levels
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which of these conditions can cause posthepatic portal hypertension?
Respuesta
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portal vein thrombosis
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alcoholic cirrhosis
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schistosomiasis
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heart failure
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none of the above
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
What is the most serious and life-threatening complication of portal hypertension?
Respuesta
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ascites
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hepatic encephalopathy
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gastrointestinal bleeding
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thrombocytopenia
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anemia
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
A patient with liver cirrhosis and diagnosed esophageal varices is admitted to the hospital with low haemoglobin level and hematemesis. You already ensured adequate access (two large-bore intravenous lines), fluid infusion, type and crossmatch of blood, and judicious blood and products transfusion. How do you proceed?
Respuesta
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prepare the patient for operation - total or selective shunt
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prepare the patient for liver transplantation
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prepare the patient for TIPS (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt)
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prepare the patient for endoscopic treatment (e.q., sclerosis or ligation)
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perform a balloon tamponade with Sengstaken-Blakemore tube
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Which is the most frequent complication in patients with portal hypertension who underwent non-selective shunt operation?
Respuesta
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leukopenia
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thrombocytopenia
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ascites
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rebleeding from esophageal varices
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postoperative encephalopathy
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Which is the most frequently used selective shunt?
Respuesta
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left gastric-venacaval shunt
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the distal splenorenal shunt
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the end-to-side portacaval shunt
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side-to-side portacaval shunt
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none of the above
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
In addition to endoscopic treatment in cases of bleeding from esophageal varices we can add pharmacotherapy for better results. What medications do we use?
Respuesta
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somatostatin
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vasopressin
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antibiotics
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beta-blockers
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all of the above
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