2630964
Descripción
Test por Mary Cate Grimes, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Mary Cate Grimes
hace más de 9 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Which is NOT a major function of the kidney?
Respuesta
-
regulation of blood ionic composition
-
regulation of blood cell size
-
regulation of blood volume
-
regulation of blood pressure
-
regulation of blood pH
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
This is the formation of a new glucose molecule.
Respuesta
-
glycolysis
-
gluconeogenesis
-
glucosamine
-
glucose
-
calcitriol
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which of the following is a waste product normally excreted by the kidneys?
Respuesta
-
urea
-
glucose
-
insulin
-
cholesterol
-
carbon dioxide
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
This is smooth dense irregular connective tissue that is continuous with the outer coat of the ureter.
Respuesta
-
adipose capsule
-
renal capsule
-
renal hilus
-
renal cortex
-
renal medulla
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
The portion of the kidney that extends between the renal pyramids is called the
Respuesta
-
renal columns
-
renal medulla
-
renal pelvis
-
calyces
-
renal papilla
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which is the correct order of blood flow through the kidneys?
Respuesta
-
renal artery > segmental artery > interlobular artery > peritubular capillaries > afferent arterioles
-
interlobar arteries > arcuate arteries > glomerular capillaries > arcuate veins
-
arcuate veins > arcuate arteries > glomerular capillaries > renal vein
-
renal vein > segmental arteries > interlobar arteries > efferent arterioles
-
interlobar veins > afferent arterioles > efferent arterioles > glomerular capillaries
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Which is the correct order of filtrate flow?
Respuesta
-
glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule (DCT), collecting duct
-
loop of Henle, glomerular capsule, PCT, DCT, collecting duct
-
ascending limb of loop, PCT, DCT, collecting duct
-
collecting duct, DCT, PCT, collecting duct, glomerular capsule
-
PCT, glomerular capsule, DCT, collecting duct, loop of Henle
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which structure of the nephron reabsorbs the most substances?
Respuesta
-
glomerular capsule
-
loop of Henle
-
ascending limb
-
collecting duct
-
proximal convoluted tubule
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
This is the structure of the nephron that filters blood.
Respuesta
-
glomerular capsule
-
loop of Henle
-
ascending limb
-
collecting duct
-
renal tubule
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
This term means the return of substances into the blood stream from the filtrate.
Respuesta
-
reabsorption
-
filtration
-
secretion
-
excretion
-
none of these choices
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
This is a nephron process that results in a substance in blood entering the already formed filtrate.
Respuesta
-
rebasorption
-
filtration
-
secretion
-
excretion
-
none of these choices
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
This layer of filtration membrane is composed of collagen fibers and proteoglycans in a glycoprotein matrix.
Respuesta
-
glomerular endothelial cells
-
basal lamina
-
pedicels
-
filtration slits
-
slit membrane
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
This occurs when stretching triggers contraction of smooth muscle walls in afferent arterioles.
Respuesta
-
glomerular filtration rate
-
tubulomerular feedback
-
myogenic mechanism
-
renal autoregulation
-
capsular hydrostatic pressure
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
This occurs when a substance passes from the fluid in the tubular lumen through the apical membrane, across the cytosol, and then into the interstitial fluid.
Respuesta
-
paracellular reabsorption
-
transcellular reabsorption
-
apical reabsorption
-
basolateral reabsorption
-
active transport
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
The proximal convoluted tubules reabsorb which percentage of filtered water?
Respuesta
-
25%
-
50%
-
65%
-
80%
-
99%
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a way angiotensin II affects the kidneys?
Respuesta
-
it increases GFR
-
in can decrease GFR
-
it enhances reabsorption of certain ions
-
it stimulates release of aldosterone
-
none of these choices
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Urea recycling can cause a buildup of urea in the
Respuesta
-
renal capsule
-
loop of Henle
-
ascending tubule
-
renal medulla
-
renal pelvis
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Increased secretion of hydrogen ions would result in a(n) ______________ of blood ____________?
Respuesta
-
increase; pressure
-
decrease; volume
-
increase; sodium levels
-
decrease; pH
-
increase; urea
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Increased secretion of aldosterone would result in a(n) ______________ of blood ____________?
Respuesta
-
increase; potassium
-
decrease; volume
-
increase; calcium levels
-
decrease; pH
-
increase; sodium
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
An analysis of the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine is called
Respuesta
-
urinalysis
-
filtration study
-
concentration study
-
diuretic
-
osmolarity
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Water accounts for which percentage of the total volume of urine?
Respuesta
-
25%
-
50%
-
75%
-
80%
-
95%
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
This is a test to measure kidney function.
Respuesta
-
Plasma creatinine
-
Renal study
-
Kidney assay
-
Dialysis
-
Hilus study
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
This transports urine from the kidney to the bladder.
Respuesta
-
urethra
-
ureter
-
descending loop of Henle
-
renal hilus
-
none of these choices
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
This layer of the ureter is composed of connective tissue, collagen and elastic fibers.
Respuesta
-
mucosa
-
transitional epithelium
-
lamina propria
-
adventitia
-
lamina elastica
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
This lies in the anterior corner of the trigone of the bladder.
Respuesta
-
urethral sphincter
-
adventitia bundle
-
ureter
-
internal urethral orifice
-
muscularis bundle
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
An increase in permeability of the filtration membrane due to disease, injury, or irritation of kidney cells by substances such as bacterial toxins, ether, or heavy metals indicates which condition?
Respuesta
-
albuminuria
-
lucosuria
-
robilinogenuria
-
ketonuria
-
bilirubinuria
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Anorexia, starvation, or a diet too low in carbohydrates indicates which condition?
Respuesta
-
albuminuria
-
glucosuria
-
urobilinogenuria
-
ketonuria
-
bilirubinuria
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Stress, causing excessive amounts of epinephrine secretion which stimulates glycogen breakdown, indicates which condition? This condition can also indicate diabetes mellitus.
Respuesta
-
albuminuria
-
glucosuria
-
urobilinogenuria
-
hematuria
-
bilirubinuria
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Excessive urine concentration of a normal breakdown product of hemoglobin, caused by pernicious anemia, infectious hepatitis, jaundice or cirrhosis, indicates which condition?
Respuesta
-
albuminuria
-
glucosuria
-
urobilinogenuria
-
hematuria
-
bilirubinuria
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
This substance gives bile its major pigmentation:
Respuesta
-
ketone bodies
-
erythrocytes
-
casts
-
bilirubin
-
glucose
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
These are tiny masses of material, hardened in the lumen of the urinary tubule and are flushed out when filtrate builds up behind them:
Respuesta
-
ketone bodies
-
erythrocytes
-
casts
-
microbes
-
urobilinogen
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Candida albicans and E. coli are which type of abnormal constituent of urine:
Respuesta
-
ketone bodies
-
erythrocytes
-
casts
-
microbes
-
urobilinogen
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Which is the normal pH range of urine in humans?
Respuesta
-
8.1-10.6
-
4.6-8.0
-
1.0-3.0
-
3.1-4.0
-
10.0-12.0
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
What is the normal volume of urine produced in humans?
Respuesta
-
1 L / hr
-
2 L / day
-
2 L / hr
-
3 L / week
-
10 L / 24 hours
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
What is the normal specific gravity range of urine in humans?
Respuesta
-
2.350-3.700
-
0.002-1.000
-
4.6-8.0
-
1.001-1.035
-
1.04-2.60
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Parasympathetic division of ANS regulates kidney functions.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
This hormone is released when the blood volume increases.
Respuesta
-
parathyroid hormone
-
renin
-
ADH
-
atrial natriuretic peptide
-
aldosterone
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Consumption of salty food will cause an increase in this hormone.
Respuesta
-
aldosterone
-
renin
-
ANH
-
angiotensin-II
-
ADH
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Absence of angiotensin converting enzyme will lead to
Respuesta
-
decreased blood pressure
-
increased blood pressure
-
will not have any effect on blood pressure
-
all of these choices
-
none of these choices
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