2630991
Descripción
Test por Becca Shaw, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Becca Shaw
hace alrededor de 9 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Rapid overgrowth of cyanobacteria may occur due to
Respuesta
-
Increased nutrient content
-
Lower pH
-
Higher temperatures
-
A reduction in competition and predation
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Nutrient exhaustion is associated with rapid death and decline, forming scum
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
The existence of cyanobacterial blooms are not related to climate change
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
What are the long-term consequences of cyanobacterial overgrowth?
Respuesta
-
Increase in climate
-
Food web disruption
-
Decrease in biodiversity
-
Economic losses
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
What of the following nutrients are associated with cyanobacterial blooms?
Respuesta
-
Magnesium
-
Iron
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Phosphate
-
Carbon
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which eukaryotic species overgrowth causes 'red tide'?
Respuesta
-
Microcystis aeruginosa
-
Karena brevis
-
Trichodesmium
-
Prochlorococcus marinus
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
How may a Harmful Algal Bloom cause indirect toxicity to organisms?
Respuesta
-
Generating a hypoxic or anoxic environment
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Producing waste products
-
Increasing competition for resources
-
Releasing toxins
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Microcystis aeruginosa and Trichodesmium are both eukaryotic organisms
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
People boating on high risk lakes reported symptoms of toxicity how much more/less frequently than others? (Approximately)
Respuesta
-
Three times as much
-
Twice as much
-
Half as much
-
No difference
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Microcystis aeruginosa is a gram-negative species of bacteria
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Microcystins enhance fluid uptake in fish causing increased toxicity which can lead to liver damage or cancer
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
What are the effects caused by a bloom of Microcystis aeruginosa?
Respuesta
-
Nutrient content of water is increased
-
Selective predation occurs whereby the food web is disrupted
-
Water quality is decreased
-
Economic losses due to lack of fishing and tourism
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Microcystis aeruginosa is made up of spherical cells, a flagellum and a gram-negative wall structure
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
What size is the genome of Microcystis aeruginosa? (Approximately)
Respuesta
-
6 Mb
-
4 Mb
-
5 Mb
-
2 Mb
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Which of the following statements are true regarding gas vesicles in Microcystis aeruginosa?
Respuesta
-
They are produced during the night to bring the cell to the surface of the water
-
They are arranged in a pentagonal array
-
They reduce the surface area: cytoplasm ratio
-
They provide buoyancy for access to light
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
What are the names of the gas vesicle structural proteins?
Respuesta
-
GpB2, GpB3 and F270
-
SI3P and NNt3
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P2f and Fn73
-
GvpA and GvpC
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
A cork and hammer experiment was conducted to mimic the effect of vesicle disruption due to sudden pressure change
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Which of the following statements are true concerning algicides?
Respuesta
-
Their use is not feasible on a large scale
-
Algicide use is ineffective at destroying cyanobacterial blooms
-
Bacterial toxins may be released when the cells are destroyed during algicide treatment
-
None of the above are true
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Sonication or hydrostatic pressure may be used as control measures for treating algal blooms as this has an effect on the buoyancy of gas vesicles
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Which of the following are appropriate control measures in regards to cyanobacterial blooms?
Respuesta
-
Increase mixing/flushing
-
Use of micropredators
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Limit temperatures
-
Use of algicides
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Which of the following statements about Microcystin-LR is false?
Respuesta
-
Peptide synthesis is non-ribosomal
-
Preferential uptake by liver transporter OATP
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Released on lysis of cells
-
Cyclic hexapeptide
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
How does microcystin-LR cause liver damage?
Respuesta
-
Inhibits protein PP2A
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Causes damage due to reactive oxygen species and apoptosis
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Inhibits protein phosphatase-1
-
Is transported by protein OAFP
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
During the day, what genes are transcribed by MIcrocystis aeruginosa?
Respuesta
-
Energy metabolism
-
Photosynthesis
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DNA repair
-
DNA replication
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
During the night, what genes are transcribed by Microcystis aeruginosa?
Respuesta
-
Photosynthesis
-
Energy metabolism
-
DNA replication
-
DNA repair
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Eutrophicaton due to hippo waste occurred in Kruger National Park, causing many unexpected animal deaths
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
The addition of chlorine to treat water in Brazil meant less people were affected by the HAB toxins
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Microcystin-LR was produced by Microcystis bloom in Tabocas reservoir causing contaminated water to be distributed in Brazil
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
What serious health outcomes are associated with long-term exposure to cyanobacterial blooms?
Respuesta
-
Alzheimer's disease
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Liver cancer
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Emphysema
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Parkinson's disease
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