2645988
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Essential nutrients cannot be synthesized in the body or from other nutrients. Non-essential nutrients can be synthesized in the body or found in alternative sources.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Primary causes of malnutrition are related to specific diseases and conditions, such as Chron's, celiac, and cancer. Secondary causes of malnutrition are related to social and geographic factors, such as social habits, income, and stress.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which lab value is the best indicator of nutrition?
Respuesta
-
Albumin
-
Transferrin
-
Hemoglobin
-
Total lymphocyte count
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Which type of severe acute malnutrition occurs in places in the world where starchy foods are the main staple?
Respuesta
-
Kwashiorkor
-
Marasmus
-
Cachexia
-
Anorexia
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Select the correct signs and symptoms of Kwashiorkor from the list below.
Respuesta
-
Decreased muscle mass
-
Swollen belly
-
Changes in skin pigment
-
Hair lightens and thins, may become red and brittle
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Child is hyper-alert and ravenously hungry
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Increased infections
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
What is "Russell's sign"?
Respuesta
-
Abrasion on the dorsal hand surface from forced vomiting
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Parotid gland and submandibular gland enlargement due to vomiting
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Dental erosion due to frequent vomiting
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High cortisol and growth hormone levels due to starvation
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Which of the following statements most accurately describes obesity?
Respuesta
-
Obesity is usually caused by endocrine and metabolic disturbances
-
Obesity is a generalized, excessive accumulation of fat in subcutaneous and other tissues
-
BMI and waist circumference are not very useful measurements in assessing the risk of developing health problems from being overweight. It is better to use blood lab values.
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The priority in treating obesity is to treat vitamin deficiencies, dehydration and associated infections
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which of the following describes the role of Vitamin A?
Respuesta
-
A fat soluble vitamin that promotes vision, bone and tissue growth and is important in the immune and reproductive systems.
-
A water soluble vitamin that promotes vision, bone and tissue growth and is important in the immune and reproductive systems.
-
A fat soluble vitamin that is an antioxidant and plays an important role in the immune system.
-
A fat soluble vitamin that plays an essential role in blood clotting.
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Which vitamin is an antioxidant, an important factor in collagen formation, important in metabolism, interacts with folic acid (B9), and assists in iron absorption?
Respuesta
-
Vitamin C
-
Vitamin D
-
Vitamin B12
-
Vitamin K
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Deficiency of vitamin A is most directly associated with which of the following?
Respuesta
-
Chronic alcoholism
-
Kwashiorkor
-
Marasmus
-
Anorexia nervosa
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
A client diagnosed with anemia who is being treated with iron replacement therapy is not responding to clinical treatment. The client reports tingling and parathesias of the extremities. Which of the following might account for this poor response to therapy?
Respuesta
-
Client compliance with iron replacement therapy
-
Underlying medical condition of diabetes that is complicating course of treatment
-
Client may also have vitamin B12 deficiency that may account for presentation of neuropathy symptoms
-
Client may be taking vitamin C supplements that may account for presentation of neuropathy symptoms
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
A client who abuses alcohol presents with significant mental status changes and loss of balance. Which vitamin deficiency would you suspect as the possible cause of this presentation?
Respuesta
-
Vitamin C
-
Thiamin (B1)
-
Riboflavin (B2)
-
Niacin (B3)
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
The nurse suspects which clinical nutrient deficiency in a client who has developed osteoporosis?
Respuesta
-
Vitamin E
-
Vitamin D
-
Phosphorous
-
Calcium
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Which of the following consequences would the nurse anticipate noting in a client who has had prolonged carbohydrate deficiency?
Respuesta
-
Breakdown of proteins, leading to ketosis and metabolic acidosis
-
Anemia, weight loss, and edema
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Skin lesions and weight loss
-
Dental caries and obesity
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
How would you explain to a client why vitamins are needed for the metabolism of nutrients?
Respuesta
-
"Vitamins are needed because they provide additional energy sources."
-
"Vitamins are needed because they participate as enzymes in metabolic processes."
-
"Vitamins are needed to supply additional calories."
-
"Vitamins are needed in large quantities in order to prevent oxidation of vital nutrients."
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
A client suffered major trauma in an auto accident and has been having difficulty healing wounds. A deficiency of which of the following micronutrients is the most likely cause?
Respuesta
-
Vitamin C
-
Vitamin B1
-
Vitamin B12
-
Vitamin K
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which of the following statements is true about cancer cachexia?
Respuesta
-
It is no different than simple starvation because the metabolic rate declines in response to tumour growth.
-
It occurs as a result of chemotherapy but not radiation.
-
It occurs as a result of tumour-induced changes
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It is only seen in clients who have limited caloric intake.
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