2708486
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
The two divisions of the central nervous system are the:
Respuesta
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Autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system
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Brain and spinal cord
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Sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
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Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
What are the two parts of the Autonomic Nervous System?
Respuesta
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Central nervous system and somatic nervous system
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Cerebrum and cerebellum
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Sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
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Brain and spinal cord
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which division of the peripheral nervous system consists of neurons sending messages out to the voluntary muscles of the body?
Respuesta
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Autonomic
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Sympathetic
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Somatic
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Central
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Which plane shows brain structures as they would be seen from the side?
Respuesta
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Coronal
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Sagittal
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Horizontal
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Commuter
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
If you were looking up at the bottom surface of a brain, where the cranial nerves are visible, which surface would you be viewing?
Respuesta
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Ventral
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Dorsal
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Anterior
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Posterior
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
If one structure is on the left side of the body and another is on the same side, they are said to be ___________ to each other.
Respuesta
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Medial
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Lateral
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Contralateral
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Ipsilateral
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
The pituitary gland would be positioned ___________ relative to the hypothalamus?
Respuesta
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Anterior
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Posterior
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Dorsal
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Ventral
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which of the following is decreased by activity in the sympathetic nervous system?
Respuesta
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Muscle contraction
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Heart rate
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Digestive activity
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Breathing rate
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
When the parasympathetic nervous system is active, which of the following is true?
Respuesta
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Pupils in the eye dilate
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Digestion slows
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Perspiration increases
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Pupils in the eye constrict
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Which neurotransmitter is used by the post-ganglionic neuron of the sympathetic nervous system?
Respuesta
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Dopamine
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Serotonin
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Acetylcholine
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Norepinephrine
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Which of the following is correct about the autonomic nervous system?
Respuesta
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The sympathetic nervous system uses short postganglionic fibers
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The parasympathetic nervous system uses long pre-ganglionic fibers
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The sympathetic nervous system uses long pre-ganglionic fibers
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The sympathetic nervous system comes from the top and bottom of the spinal cord (cervical and sacral regions)
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
What is a valley or groove on the surface of the brain called?
Respuesta
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Gyrus
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Sulcus
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Column
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Lamina
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Which of the following hindbrain structures is involved in regulating balance and the sequencing of timed motor behaviors?
Respuesta
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Pons
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Medulla
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Cerebellum
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Reticular formation
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
The hindbrain includes which of the following?
Respuesta
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Telencephalon and diencephalon
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Metencephalon and myelencephalon
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Mesencephalon and diencephalon
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Myelencephalonn and telencephalon
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
The neurons in the medulla have a number of functions, including:
Respuesta
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Maintaining heart rate
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Relaying visual information
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Motor control
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Balance and sequencing of movement
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
The reticular activating system serves the primary function of:
Respuesta
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Maintaining heart rate
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Arousing the brain
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Motor control
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Balance and sequencing of movement
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which of the following cranial nerves receives sensory information from the digestive tract and regulates heart rate?
Respuesta
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Abducens (VI)
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Trigeminal (V)
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Spinal accessory (XI)
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Vagus (X)
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Which cranial nerve is used to receive sensory information for the sense of smell?
Respuesta
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I
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II
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V
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VII
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
The enervation of the lower face is from cranial nerve number:
Respuesta
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I
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II
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V
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VII
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
The enervation of the upper face by the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) is:
Respuesta
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Strictly contralateral
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Strictly ipsilateral
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Bilateral
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Medially controlled
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Which of the following would not be found in the midbrain?
Respuesta
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Superior colliculus
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Basal ganglia
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Tectum
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Substantia nigra
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
The limbic system is important for:
Respuesta
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Visual and auditory pathways
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Motor coordination
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Emotion and memory
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Perceiving three-dimensional objects
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Which of the following limbic system structures would be most involved in the regulation of emotional responses involving dominance and submission?
Respuesta
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Hippocampus
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Amygdala
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Cingulate gyrus
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Mammillary bodies
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Which of the following neural structures use the neurotransmitter serotonin?
Respuesta
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Locus coeruleus
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Raphe nucleus
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Substantia nigra
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Periacqueductal gray
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The Diencephalon includes which two major structures?
Respuesta
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Hippocampus and amygdala
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Superior and inferior colliculi
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Thalamus and hypothalamus
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Caudate nucleus and putamen
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Which brain structure is involved in the process of eating, drinking, temperature regulation, and sexual behavior?
Respuesta
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Midbrain
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Hippocampus
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Hypothalamus
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Cerebellum
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Which of the following structures are involved specifically in the regulation of eating behaviors?
Respuesta
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Lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus
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Pulvinar and putamen
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Superior and inferior colliculi
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Hippocampus and parahippocampus
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Which structure is not part of the basal ganglia?
Respuesta
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Caudate nucleus
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Globus pallidus
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Putamen
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Fornix
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Which of the following structures would be found in the hypothalamus (and used to regulate sleep-wake cycles)?
Respuesta
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Lateral geniculate nucleus
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Medial geniculate nucleus
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Suprachiasmatic nucleus
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Arcuate fasiculus
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
The basal ganglia is the most involved in the process of:
Respuesta
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Vision
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Memory and emotion
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Muscle control
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Sleeping
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Which of the following brain structures is involved in most of the sensory pathways, before they reach cortex?
Respuesta
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Hypothalamus
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Thalamus
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Hippocampus
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Cingulated gyrus
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
What is the primary lobe of the cerebral cortex used for auditory sensations?
Respuesta
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Occipital
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Parietal
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Temporal
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Frontal
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Which of the following Is the largest of the connections between the hemispheres?
Respuesta
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Anterior commissure
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Posterior commissure
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Massa intermedia
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Corpus callosum
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Which of the following is the correct pairing of neurotransmitter and anatomical structure which are lost in Parkinson’s disease?
Respuesta
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Locus coeruleus-norepinephrine
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Raphe nucleus-serotonin
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Cerebral gray-endogenous opiates
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Substantia nigra-dopamine
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
What process involves the conversion of physical energy from some external stimulus into an electrochemical pattern in the neurons?
Respuesta
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Coding
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Transduction
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Reception
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Reconstitution
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
The center of vision at the back of the eye is the:
Respuesta
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Retina
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Cornea
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Pupil
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Macula
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
The majority of the eye’s refractory power to focus light before reaching the retina, the person would have which of the following?
Respuesta
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fovea
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cornea
-
lens
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pupil
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
If the optics of the eye are too strong and focus light before reaching the retina, the person would have the following?
Respuesta
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Myopia
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Hyperopia
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Emmetropia
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Astigmatism
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Myopia and hyperopia oftentimes are due to:
Respuesta
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Buildup of pressure in the eye
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Loss of elasticity of the lens with age
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Deterioration of the retina
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A misshaping of the eyeball
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Glaucoma is:
Respuesta
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Buildup of pressure in the eye
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Loss of elasticity of the lens with age
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Deterioration of the retina
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A misshaping of the eyeball
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Astigmatism is:
Respuesta
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The sclerosis of the lens from aging
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A symptom of glaucoma
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Due to a misshapen cornea
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Due to having a concave lens
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
The lens relies on the _______ for its source of nourishment.
Respuesta
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Capillaries
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Cardiovascular system
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Vitreous humor
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Aqueous humor
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Which of the following cell types is not found in the retina?
Respuesta
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Bipolar cell
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Amacrine cell
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Geniculate cell
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Ganglion cell
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
You’re looking right at some particular visual target. You’re looking at it with your:
Respuesta
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Optic disk
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Nasal retina
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Choroid
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Fovea
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
If someone says that you have blue eyes, what they really mean is that you have blue:
Respuesta
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Retinas
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Irises
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Corneas
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Pupils
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
In the human eye you would find the greatest concentration of rods:
Respuesta
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In the center of the fovea
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Near the far periphery of the retina
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At the optic disk
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10-15 degrees away from the fovea
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Cones are primarily located:
Respuesta
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At the optic disk
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In the periphery of the retina
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In the pupils
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At fovea
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
What is the correct order of cells straight through the retina, after information has been transduced?
Respuesta
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Receptor cells, then ganglion cells, then bipolar cells
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Ganglion cells, then receptor cells, then bipolar cells
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Bipolar cells, then receptor cells, then ganglion cells
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Receptor cells, then bipolar cells, then ganglion cells
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Which kind of cell would be most involved in conveying information laterally across the retina?
Respuesta
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Rods and cones
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Bipolar cells
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Amacrine cells
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Ganglion cells
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
In comparison to the rods, what is true about the cones?
Respuesta
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They are more common toward the periphery of the retina.
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They are more sensitive to specific wavelength information
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They are more sensitive to dim light
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They are more common in rodents and other nocturnal animals
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
A protanope would be missing the:
Respuesta
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S cone type
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M cone type
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L cone type
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Rod photopigment
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Which of the following is least associated with the opponent-process theory of color vision?
Respuesta
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Afterimages
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LGN “red/green” cells
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Color contrast
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Having 3 types of cones
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
Which of the following would be one of the visual systems color channels?
Respuesta
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Red-blue channel
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Red-green channel
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Blue-green channel
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Yellow-purple channel
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
If a human had a single cone type that was maximally sensitive to wavelengths in the ultraviolet frequency ranges (say less than 400 nm), with no overlapping spectral sensitivities compared to the other cone types, what “color” would a light in the region of the spectrum appear to be?
Respuesta
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Deep violet
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Intense red
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Black
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White
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
In which are of the brain is color most likely to be processed:
Respuesta
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Area MT and MST
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Area V3
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Area V4
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Area V5
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