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Chapter 10: The Muscular System

Descripción

A quiz over the muscle tissue and it's functions. I have started off with the basic reading quiz in class along with questions from the quizbowl on Monday's review class session. I might add more to cover extra topics that were not gone over well during lecture.
Kimberly Crain
Test por Kimberly Crain, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Kimberly Crain
Creado por Kimberly Crain hace más de 3 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
Which of the following actions is caused by contraction of a skeletal muscle?
Respuesta
  • contraction of the heart
  • locomotion
  • movement of food through the digestive tract
  • emptying of the urinary bladder

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
The capacity of a muscle cell to shorten forcefully is known as
Respuesta
  • contractility
  • excitability
  • extensibility
  • elasticity

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
Muscles exhibit the property of excitability. This means that the muscle
Respuesta
  • shortens in legnth
  • recoils to its original resting length
  • stretches beyond its normal length
  • responds to stimulation by the nervous system

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Identify the statement concerning general functional characteristics of muscle that is true.
Respuesta
  • muscle tissue shortens forcefully but lengthens passively
  • muscle tissue shortens passively but lengthens forcefully
  • muscle tissue can get shorter, but cannot get longer
  • muscle tissue can get longer, but cannot get shorter

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
Identify the statement concerning the skeletal muscle that is true.
Respuesta
  • It comprises about 20% of the body's weight
  • It propels urine through the urinary tract
  • Its function is largely under involuntary control
  • It is powered by ATP

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Which type of muscle tissue would cause flexion and extension of the arm?
Respuesta
  • skeletal muscle
  • smooth muscle
  • cardiac muscle

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
Hypertrophy of skeletal muscles from weight lifting is caused by an increase in the
Respuesta
  • number of muscle fibers
  • size of muscle fibers
  • number of striations
  • number of muscle cells

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
Skeletal muscle develops from multinucleated cells called
Respuesta
  • fascicles
  • myoblasts
  • myofibrils
  • myotomes

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
Endomysium is a delicate network of loose connective tissue that
Respuesta
  • surrounds each muscle fiber
  • forms a sheath around a fasciculus
  • is composed of elastic fibers
  • separates individual muscles
  • penetrates muscle fibers

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
Fascia
Respuesta
  • surrounds individual muscles
  • separates muscle fibers
  • connects muscles to bone
  • is a type of muscle tissue
  • is a type of nerve tissue

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
Which of the following connective tissue layers is outside all the others?
Respuesta
  • perimysium
  • endomysium
  • epimysium
  • paramysium
  • sarcolemma

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
List the following structures in order from smallest to largest. 1. muscle fiber 2. myofilament 3. myofibril 4. muscle fasciculus
Respuesta
  • 4,3,2,1
  • 2,1,4,3
  • 2,3,1,4
  • 1,2,3,4

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
Muscle myofibrils
Respuesta
  • are found in the sacrolemma
  • extend from the sarcolemma to the T-tubule
  • contain myosin and actin myofilaments
  • hold muscle cells together
  • do not apper striated

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
The region of the sarcomere that contains both actin and myosin myofilaments is called the
Respuesta
  • I band
  • A band
  • Z disk
  • H zone

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
A sarcomere extends from
Respuesta
  • one Z disk to an adjacent Z disk
  • one T tubule to the next T tubule
  • the middle of the I band to the middle of the A band
  • the H zone to the I band
  • the M line to the next M line

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
Which of the following would contribute to muscular fatigue in the muscle fiber?
Respuesta
  • the emotional state of an individual
  • depletion of ATP reserves
  • inability of the motor neuron to produce sufficient quantities of acetylcholine
  • depletion of neurotransmitter
  • blocked receptors in the postsynaptic membrane

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
Lack of acetylcholinesterase in the synaptic cleft would result in
Respuesta
  • a decrease in acetylcholine production by the motor neuron
  • continuous stimulation of the motor end plate
  • rapid degradation of acetylcholine
  • relaxation of the muscle
  • continuous stimulation of the presynaptic membrane

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
A bi-product of anaerobic respiration in muscle cells is
Respuesta
  • uric acid
  • hydrochloric acid
  • lactic acid
  • carbonic acid

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
Which of the following is composed of myosin molecules?
Respuesta
  • thick myofilaments
  • I bands
  • Z disks
  • sarcolemma
  • tropomyosin

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
Muscle tone
Respuesta
  • is a time during which the tissue cannot respond
  • results in complete and incomplete tetanus
  • is a condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions
  • is a condition in which stimuli occur so rapidly that there are no intervening relaxations
  • is a constant tension produce produced by muscles for long periods of time

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
A myofibril is the
Respuesta
  • cell membrane of a muscle fiber
  • cytoplasm of muscle cells
  • structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle fiber
  • protein strand composed of actin
  • contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
The sites where a chemical substance is transmitted from the presynaptic terminal of an axon to the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber are called
Respuesta
  • neuromuscular junctions
  • sarcomeres
  • myofilaments
  • Z disks
  • cell body of neuron

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
Acetylcholine is released from the synaptic terminal by the process of
Respuesta
  • exocytosis
  • diffusion
  • phagocytosis
  • active transport
  • endocytosis

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
You are hired to work in a lab to measure the rate of human muscle contraction. Which of the following might decrease in quantity in muscle cells undergoing contractions?
Respuesta
  • ATP
  • carbon dioxide
  • water
  • lactic acid
  • sodium

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
Which of the following is true about skeletal muscle?
Respuesta
  • Sensory neurons stimulate muscle to contract
  • There are very few blood vessels in skeletal muscle
  • Every muscle fiber receives a branch of an axon from the nerve
  • There are very few nerve fibers in a muscle
  • All of these are true

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
Which of the following statements regarding the sliding filament model is false?
Respuesta
  • actin and myosin do not shorten during contraction
  • both actin and myosin myofilaments shorten during contraction
  • the sarcomere shortens
  • the I band and H zones become narrower during contraction
  • the A band remains constant in length

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
Rigor mortis occurs after death because
Respuesta
  • cross-bridges form but can't release
  • calcium is actively transported back to the sarcoplasmic reticulum
  • anaerobic respiration is ocurring
  • myosin levels decline at death
  • cross-bridges never form

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
Which of the following events occurs on the postsynaptic membrane?
Respuesta
  • acetylcholine production
  • rapid degradation of acetylcholine
  • release of neurotransmitter
  • neurotransmitter combines with a receptor molecule
  • release of calcium ions

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
The model that describes the contraction of the muscle is called the
Respuesta
  • contraction cycle
  • power stroke
  • sliding filament model
  • slipping fibril mechanism
  • paddle

Pregunta 30

Pregunta
The sarcolemma is the
Respuesta
  • cell membrane of a muscle fiber
  • cytoplasm of muscle cells
  • structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell
  • contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber
  • protein strand composed of actin

Pregunta 31

Pregunta
A sarcomere is the
Respuesta
  • cell membrane of a muscle fiber
  • cytoplasm of muscle cells
  • structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell
  • contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber
  • protein strand composed of actin or myosin

Pregunta 32

Pregunta
If sodium ions cannot enter a muscle fiber in response to a stimulus,
Respuesta
  • contraction cannot occur
  • relaxation cannot occur
  • sodium ions will be released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum instead
  • the active sites are left exposed
  • the action potential travels into the muscle anyway

Pregunta 33

Pregunta
The active sites to which cross-bridges attach are found on the
Respuesta
  • sarcoplasmic reticulum
  • actin myofilaments
  • Z disks
  • T tubules
  • myosin myofilaments

Pregunta 34

Pregunta
During short periods of intense exercise, energy in muscles is primarily derived from
Respuesta
  • aerobic respiration
  • anaerobic respiration
  • oxidative recoupling
  • nuclear envelope reactions

Pregunta 35

Pregunta
A drug that interferes with the active transport of calcium ions from the sarcoplasm back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum would result in
Respuesta
  • relaxation of the muscle fiber
  • contraction with no relaxation
  • muscle hypertrophy
  • fibrosis of the muscle
  • an imbalance of blood calcium

Pregunta 36

Pregunta
A stimulus either causes an action potential or it doesn't. This is called
Respuesta
  • an all-or-none response
  • a graded response
  • a latent period response
  • a relative refractory response
  • an arbitrary response

Pregunta 37

Pregunta
T tubules are invaginations of the
Respuesta
  • sarcoplasmic reticulum
  • sarcomere
  • myofibril
  • sarcoplasm
  • sarcolemma

Pregunta 38

Pregunta
The sarcoplasmic reticulum
Respuesta
  • stores calcium ions
  • shortens during muscle contraction
  • transmits nerve impulses to the myofibrils
  • connects adjacent sarcomeres
  • covers the muscle fiber

Pregunta 39

Pregunta
Whole muscles can respond in a graded fashion to stimuli by varying
Respuesta
  • the force of contraction of individual muscle fibers
  • the number of motor units recruited
  • the amplitude of the action potential
  • the frequency of stimulus
  • thresholds

Pregunta 40

Pregunta
In order for muscle relaxation to occur,
Respuesta
  • calcium ions must be transported to troponin
  • power strokes slow down
  • the active sites on actin must be blocked
  • sodium ions must be actively transported to troponin
  • the active sites on myosin must be uncovered

Pregunta 41

Pregunta
Which of the following will respond to a threshold stimulus with an all-or-none contraction?
Respuesta
  • a single muscle fiber
  • a single motor unit
  • a whole muscle
  • a single muscle fiber and a single motor unit
  • a single muscle fiber, a single motor unit, and a whole muscle

Pregunta 42

Pregunta
Which of the following is true?
Respuesta
  • the greater the overlap of actin and myosin, the stronger the contraction
  • overstretching a muscle will increase its tension
  • optimal actin and myosin overlap will produce maximal contraction
  • the greatest amount of tension is achieved when actin and myosin do not overlap
  • tension is great when actin and myosin overlap as much as they can

Pregunta 43

Pregunta
Channels that open or close in response to changes in the electrical charge or voltage across the plasma membrane are called:
Respuesta
  • ligand-gated ion channels
  • non-gated ion channels
  • relegated ion channels
  • voltage-gated ion channels
  • obligated ion channels

Pregunta 44

Pregunta
T tubules
Respuesta
  • provide nutrients to the muscle fiber
  • generate new muscle fibers
  • conduct action potentials deep into the muscle cell
  • release acetylcholine
  • store calcium ions

Pregunta 45

Pregunta
A myofilament is the
Respuesta
  • cell membrane of a muscle fiber
  • cytoplasm of muscle cells
  • structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell
  • contractile threat that extends the length of the muscle fiber
  • protein strand composed of actin or myosin

Pregunta 46

Pregunta
Tendons that form thick flattened sheets are
Respuesta
  • ligaments
  • endoymysium
  • collagen fibers
  • aponeuroses

Pregunta 47

Pregunta
The expanded ends of sarcoplasmic reticulum are called
Respuesta
  • transverse tubules
  • triads
  • terminal cisternae
  • myoterminals

Pregunta 48

Pregunta
In a typical simple muscle, the
Respuesta
  • origin remains stationary and the insertion moves
  • insertion remains stationary and the origin moves
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