Copiar y Editar

Anatomy lecture exam IV urinary

Descripción

practice exam focusing on urinary system and primarily physiology of the kidney
Rebecca Matthews
Test por Rebecca Matthews, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Rebecca Matthews
Creado por Rebecca Matthews hace casi 9 años
27
1
0

Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
The functions of the urinary system are: 1. [blank_start]volume regulation[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]acid/base balance[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]electrolyte balance[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]elimination of waste[blank_end] 5. [blank_start]Endocrine[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • volume regulation
  • acid/base balance
  • electrolyte balance
  • elimination of waste
  • Endocrine

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
[blank_start]Glomerular filtration[blank_end] is the movement of components of plasma out of the glomereal capillaries into the bowman's capsule.
Respuesta
  • Glomerular filtration

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
The functional urine forming unit in the kidney is the [blank_start]nephron[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • nephron

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Trace plasma from an afferent arteriole until it is excreted from the body as urine. [blank_start]glomerulus[blank_end]--> [blank_start]bowmans capsule[blank_end] --> [blank_start]Proximal Convoluted Duct[blank_end] --> [blank_start]loop of henle[blank_end] --> [blank_start]Distal convoluted duct[blank_end] --> [blank_start]collecting tubule[blank_end] --> [blank_start]papillae[blank_end] --> [blank_start]minor calyces[blank_end] --> [blank_start]major calyces[blank_end] --> [blank_start]pelvis -[blank_end]-> [blank_start]ureter[blank_end] --> [blank_start]bladder[blank_end] --> [blank_start]urethra[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • glomerulus
  • bowmans capsule
  • Proximal Convoluted Duct
  • loop of henle
  • Distal convoluted duct
  • collecting tubule
  • papillae
  • minor calyces
  • major calyces
  • pelvis -
  • ureter
  • bladder
  • urethra

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
The rate at which you form glomelular filtrate is [blank_start]GFR[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • GFR

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
GFR in the average adult male is:
Respuesta
  • 120ml/min
  • 225ml/min
  • 90-95ml/min
  • 125ml/min

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
GFR in the average adult female is:
Respuesta
  • 90-95ml/min
  • 125ml/min
  • 80-85ml/min
  • 120ml/min

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
The absorption rate of water from glomelular filtrate is [blank_start]99%[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • 99%

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
How much of your cardiac output goes to the kidneys?
Respuesta
  • 30-35%
  • 20-25%
  • 10-15%
  • 5-10%

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
If a substance is tubularly reabsorbed, then the amount in the urine is [blank_start]less than[blank_end] the amount in the glomerular filtrate.
Respuesta
  • less than
  • greater than

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
label all the structures of the nephron
Image:
31097903-ff0b-40d6-ba5b-32505537efda (image/jpeg)
Respuesta
  • collecting tubule
  • goes to paillae
  • distal convoluted tubule
  • loop of henle
  • proximal convoluted tubule
  • bowman's capsule
  • glomerulus

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
[blank_start]Tubular re-absorption[blank_end] is when you move something form the nephron tubules to the peritubular capillaries. Another way of saying out of the [blank_start]tubule[blank_end] and into the [blank_start]blood[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • Tubular re-absorption
  • tubule
  • blood

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
How is glucose sent across membranes?
Respuesta
  • re-absorption
  • active transport
  • osmosis
  • glomelular filtration

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
Clearing is the ability of the kidney to remove substances from your blood.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
What determines the amount of a substance in glomelular filtrate (ex: glucose)?
Respuesta
  • the filtration rate of the same substance
  • the concentration of the same substance found in plasma
  • permeability of same substance in PCT
  • ability of kidney to clear the same substance

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
The maximum rate at which a substance can be re-absorbed from the nephron tubules is referred to as the [blank_start]transport maximum[blank_end] for that substance.
Respuesta
  • transport maximum

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
This is a process where a carrier molecule uses ATP to move a molecule across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient. It has a high level of specificity.
Respuesta
  • facilitated diffusion
  • exocytosis
  • active transport
  • diffusion

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
If glucose is found in your urine is it called [blank_start]glucosuria[blank_end] or [blank_start]glycosuria[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • glucosuria
  • glycosuria

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
The [blank_start]renal plasma threshold[blank_end] is the plasma level at which something starts to appear in your urine.
Respuesta
  • renal plasma threshold

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
If a patient has glucosuria what do you already know about his plasma glucose level?
Respuesta
  • his plasma has exceeded the renal plasma threshold level of 180mg/100ml of blood.
  • the patient is diabetic and is not producing proper amounts of insulin.
  • there is no way to determine anything about his plasma glucose level at this point.
  • the patient is spilling glucose in his urine because his afferent arteriole is blocked and not allowing the glomerulus to filter to the bowman's capsule.

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
Amino acids should be present in your urine.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
[blank_start]Amino acids[blank_end] are actively transported in the tubules and are needed so that your body can make [blank_start]proteins[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • Amino acids
  • Potassium ions
  • Nucleic acids
  • proteins
  • electolytes
  • DNA and RNA

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
It is called [blank_start]aminoaciduria[blank_end] when amino acids are found in your urine. The most common type of this is [blank_start]cystine[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • aminoaciduria
  • cystine

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
When substances "fall out of solution" or become too concentrated they [blank_start]precipitate[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • precipitate

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
The major nitrogenous waste in humans is [blank_start]urea[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • urea

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
Urea is produced primarily in the [blank_start]deamination of amino acids[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • deamination of amino acids

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
The clinical estimate of urea in blood is called your [blank_start]blood urea nitrogen[blank_end] level or [blank_start]BUN[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • blood urea nitrogen
  • BUN

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
Why would your BUN level increase when you have a disease?
Respuesta
  • Because the kidneys are not functioning at full capacity and are unable to clear the nitrogen from your system properly
  • during a disease there is a significant number of cells that are damaged and dying. They are made up of proteins which is a nitrogenous waste and thus your BUN will rise.
  • during the disease process the inflammatory process produces greater amounts of nitrogen therefor increase blood nitrogen levels.
  • your BUN will not increase when you have a disease.

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
Urine is basically glomelular filtrate minus everything you decided to re-absorb or uptake.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 30

Pregunta
the hormone promoting Na+ retention by the kidney is [blank_start]aldosterone[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • aldosterone
  • ADH
  • adrenal norepinephrine

Pregunta 31

Pregunta
The hormone [blank_start]aldosterone[blank_end] comes from a gland on top of the kidneys called the [blank_start]adrenals[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • aldosterone
  • adrenals

Pregunta 32

Pregunta
Only about 20% of your nephrons are called [blank_start]jextamedullary[blank_end] nephrons.
Respuesta
  • juxtamedullary

Pregunta 33

Pregunta
The juxtamedullary nephrons have a __________ that projects way down into the tip of the pyramid and the remaining nephrons are called cortica nephrons because they primarily lie within the __________ .
Respuesta
  • collecting tubule/pyramid
  • loop of henle/papillae
  • loop of henle/cortex medulla
  • medulla/adrenal cortex

Pregunta 34

Pregunta
solute=[blank_start]dissolve e[blank_end] and solvent= [blank_start]dis-solver[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • dissolve e
  • dis-solver

Pregunta 35

Pregunta
This type of solution has a higher solute than the comparative solution.
Respuesta
  • hypotonic
  • osmotic
  • hypertonic
  • homogeneous

Pregunta 36

Pregunta
Cells placed in hypertonic solution would be expected to [blank_start]shrink[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • shrink
  • swell

Pregunta 37

Pregunta
Molecules going from an area of high solvent to low solvent through a semi-permeable membrane is called [blank_start]osmosis[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • osmosis

Pregunta 38

Pregunta
Freshwater fish live in a hypotonic environment. They generally have a problem with water [blank_start]gain[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • gain
  • loss

Pregunta 39

Pregunta
Medullary fluids of the kidney are [blank_start]hypertonic[blank_end] to most body fluids.
Respuesta
  • hypertonic
  • hypotonic

Pregunta 40

Pregunta
Solutes are concentrated in the medullary fluids of the kidney by the [blank_start]counter current multiplier[blank_end] mechanism.
Respuesta
  • counter current multiplier

Pregunta 41

Pregunta
Water goes from hypotonic solutions to hypertonic solutions because tonicity is determined by the solute.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 42

Pregunta
Sodium retention generally has the effect of [blank_start]raising[blank_end] blood potassium levels.
Respuesta
  • raising
  • lowering

Pregunta 43

Pregunta
Does facilitated diffusion utilize ATP?
Respuesta
  • yes
  • no

Pregunta 44

Pregunta
We control urine concentration by the counter current multiplier mechanism.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 45

Pregunta
What separates the cortex from the medulla?
Respuesta
  • base of pyramid
  • cortico medullary line
  • medullary cortex
  • loop of henle

Pregunta 46

Pregunta
The cortex of the kidney is what in relationship to the body?
Respuesta
  • hypotonic
  • ionic
  • isotonic
  • hypertonic

Pregunta 47

Pregunta
The [blank_start]ascending[blank_end] loop of henle has a [blank_start]thicker[blank_end] membrane that is [blank_start]impermeable[blank_end] to water and therefore osmosis [blank_start]can not[blank_end] occur. Salt is then removed from the tubular fluid by means of [blank_start]active transport[blank_end] and the fluid is now more [blank_start]dilute[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • ascending
  • descending
  • thicker
  • thinner
  • impermeable
  • permeable
  • can not
  • does
  • active transport
  • fascilitated diffusion
  • dilute
  • concentrated

Pregunta 48

Pregunta
When urine reaches the top of ascending loop of hele what level of concentration is it in proportion to your bodily fluids?
Respuesta
  • 1/3
  • 2/3
  • 1/2
  • 3/4

Pregunta 49

Pregunta
Highest level of dilute you can get urine is [blank_start]1/3[blank_end] that of bodily fluids and the highest level of concentration is [blank_start]4[blank_end] times that of normal bodily fluids.
Respuesta
  • 1/3
  • 4

Pregunta 50

Pregunta
What gives the medullary portion of the kidney it's hypertonicity?
Respuesta
  • the cortico medullary line because as the fluid passes through solutes are removed
  • the collecting tubule where solutes spill over into the medulla
  • none of these
  • the ascending portion of the loop of henle where salt is actively transported and the osmotic capibility of the descending loop of henle or more simply put it is because of the counter current multiplier mechanism.

Pregunta 51

Pregunta
The [blank_start]DCT[blank_end] and collecting tubule have [blank_start]water[blank_end] pores that allow for further control of urine concentration. If the pores are open the urine is more [blank_start]concentrated[blank_end] and if the pores are closed the urine will be [blank_start]diluted[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • DCT
  • PCT
  • water
  • salt
  • concentrated
  • dilute
  • diluted
  • concentrated

Pregunta 52

Pregunta
The hormone that controls your water pores in the DCT and collecting tubule is [blank_start]anti diuretic hormone[blank_end] also known as [blank_start]ADH[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • anti diuretic hormone
  • ADH

Pregunta 53

Pregunta
Vasopressin is another word for ADH and it is stored and released by your posterior pituitary.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 54

Pregunta
ADH is [blank_start]against[blank_end] diuresis because it [blank_start]decreases[blank_end] urine volume and [blank_start]increases[blank_end] urine concentration.
Respuesta
  • against
  • for
  • decreases
  • increases
  • increases
  • decreases

Pregunta 55

Pregunta
ADH [blank_start]opens[blank_end] the water pores of the DCT and collecting tubules.
Respuesta
  • opens
  • closes

Pregunta 56

Pregunta
At night your production of ADH goes [blank_start]up[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • up
  • down

Pregunta 57

Pregunta
[blank_start]Glomerular filtrate[blank_end] is made up of everything that is in plasma except for the [blank_start]plasma proteins[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • Glomerular filtrate
  • plasma proteins
Mostrar resumen completo Ocultar resumen completo

¿Quieres crear tus propios Tests gratis con GoConqr? Más información.

Similar

The structure of the heart
rachel_w
4. The Skeletal System - bones of the skull
t.whittingham
Neuro anatomy
James Murdoch
The Circulatory System
mimtasin afra
Renal System A&P
Kirsty Jayne Buckley
The structure of the Heart, AS Biology
mill-bill
Respiratory anatomy
James Murdoch
Unit 4: The Respiratory and Circulatory Systems
Cath Warriner
1. Anatomy & Physiology of the Ear
t.whittingham
Respiration
Sarita Saha
Endocrine System Practice Essay Questions
Taneka Dunn
Explorar la Librería