4165803
Descripción
Test por SARAH DE MELLO, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por SARAH DE MELLO
hace casi 9 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Risk is expressed as a probability of suffering from all of the following, except
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disease
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economic loss
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prejudice
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injury
Pregunta 2
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All of the following are considered to be cultural hazards, except
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working conditions
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drought
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unsafe highways
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criminal assualt
Pregunta 3
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All of the following are considered to be biological hazards, except
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protozoa
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parasites
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diet
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bacteria
Pregunta 4
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All of the following are considered to be natural hazards, except
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driving
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hurricanes
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earthquakes
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fires
Pregunta 5
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A transmissible disease is not likely to be caused by a
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bacterium
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hazardous chemical
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virus
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parasite
Pregunta 6
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All of the following are transmissible diseases, except
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diabetes
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flu
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measles
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HIV
Pregunta 7
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A global outbreak of an infectious disease is called a(n)
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threat
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parademic
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pandemic
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epidemic
Pregunta 8
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Tuberculosis is caused by
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mosquitoes
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viruses
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bacteria
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protozoa
Pregunta 9
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Which of the following not a reason the incidence of tuberculosis is increasing?
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too few TB screening and control programs
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genetic resistance to antibiotics
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effects of global warming
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weakened immune systems from the spread of AIDS
Pregunta 10
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All of the following are viral diseases, except
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malaria
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hepatitis B
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AIDS
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West Nile
Pregunta 11
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Malaria is spread by
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flies
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contaminated feces
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certain types of mosquitoes
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bacteria
Pregunta 12
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Since 1970 the occurrence of malaria has
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remained at the same levels
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increased then leveled off
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greatly increased
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decreased then increased slightly
Pregunta 13
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The top toxic substances in terms of human and environmental health include all of the following, except
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lead
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mercury
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DDT
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PCBs
Pregunta 14
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The effects of neurotoxins can result in all of the following, except
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behavioral changes
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learning disabilities
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hair loss
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death
Pregunta 15
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Teratogens
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cause birth defects
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are fatal to humans in low doses
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are harmful because they are irritating to skin or lungs
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cause infections
Pregunta 16
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Birth defects can be caused by all of the following, except
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alcohol
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angel dust
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benzene
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iodized sodium chloride
Pregunta 17
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Carcinogens cause
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genetic defects
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cancer
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birth defects
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allergic reactions
Pregunta 18
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The system responsible for defense against disease and harmful substances is the
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circulatory system
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endocrine system
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immune system
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skeletal system
Pregunta 19
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This term refers to the amount of a substance a person ingests, inhales, or absorbs through the skin.
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toxicity
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biological magnification
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response
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dose
Pregunta 20
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___ relates to the increase in the amount of a potentially toxic substance as it passes through food chains and webs.
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toxicity
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biological magnification
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dose
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response
Pregunta 21
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The ability of a substance to cause injury, illness, or death to a living system, is
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biomagnification
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toxicity
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response
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dose
Pregunta 22
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This term refers to a substance’s resistance to breakdown.
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toxicity
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biomagnification
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persistence
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response
Pregunta 23
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The root cause of food insecurity is
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war
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poverty
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corruption
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climate change
Pregunta 24
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The term undernutrition refers to people who consume
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less than the basic number of daily calories
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unbalanced meals
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the wrong kinds of food
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poor quality food
Pregunta 25
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Many of the world’s poor only have access to a low-protein, high-carbohydrate, vegetarian diet and suffer from
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chronic malnutrition
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chronic undernutrition
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famine
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hunger
Pregunta 26
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A severe shortage of food leading to mass starvation, many deaths, economic chaos, and social disruption, is called
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hunger
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chronic undernutrition
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famine
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food security
Pregunta 27
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Anemia may be the result of a deficiency in
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cobalt
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iodine
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iron
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calcium
Pregunta 28
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Approximately 26 million children each year suffer irreversible brain damage from lack of which of the following?
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cobalt
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iodine
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iron
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calcium
Pregunta 29
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The term overnutrition refers to
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when energy use is less than energy intake
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eating unbalanced meals
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eating poor quality foods
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eating too much protein
Pregunta 30
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Overnutrition and undernutrition both face all of the following health problems, except
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lower productivity
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higher rates of malaria
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lower life expectancy
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greater susceptibility to disease
Pregunta 31
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Today in America, four of the top ten causes of death are diseases related to diet including all of the following except
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down's syndrome
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type 2 diabetes
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some forms of cancer
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stroke
Pregunta 32
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The major goal of industrialized agriculture for any crop has been to steadily increase its
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tolerance to weeds
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yield per unit of land
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purity
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aesthetic qualities
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Which of the following soil horizons is considered topsoil?
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O
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A
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B
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C
Pregunta 34
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Irrigating crops creates a number of problems. Which of the following is not one of those problems?
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boosts productivity on farms
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salinization
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depletes groundwater
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waterlogging
Pregunta 35
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What is the largest cause of soil erosion?
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moving water
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still water
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wind
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sink holes
Pregunta 36
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When the productive potential of soil, especially on arid or semiarid land, falls by 10% or more because of prolonged drought and human activities, it is called
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salinization
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desertification
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soil erosion
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overgrazing
Pregunta 37
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Repeated irrigation in dry climates leads to accumulation of salts in the upper layers of the soil, a process called
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salinization
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soil erosion
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desertification
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waterlogging
Pregunta 38
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Genetically modified crops and foods have all of the following advantages, except
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needs less fertilizer
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needs less water
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increases yields
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grows faster
Pregunta 39
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Four of the following are advantages of using aquaculture to produce fish; one is a disadvantage. Choose the disadvantage.
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high yield in small volume of water
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uses grain for feed for some species
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low fuel use
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high profits
Pregunta 40
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One of the most important characteristics of a pesticide is how long it will stay deadly in the environment, a characteristic called
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lethal dose
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persistence
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impact
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usefulness
Pregunta 41
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All of the following are alternatives to using pesticides, except
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rotating crops planted in a field each year
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provide homes for pest enemies
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freeze the pests
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bring in natural enemies
Pregunta 42
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The best way to maintain soil fertility is through
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applying animal manure
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applying commercial inorganic fertilizer
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soil conservation
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using low till planting
Pregunta 43
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It is more energetically efficient for us to eat more ________________
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plant-based foods
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herbivorous animals like cattle and chicken
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food grown using IPM methods
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GM foods
Pregunta 44
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Carcinogens may be difficult to identify because
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they are rare in nature
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there is no way to measure the carcinogen potential of a substance
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they are the least common toxicants
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there is a long time lag between exposure to the agent and disease
Pregunta 45
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Rachel Caron’s book Silent Spring focuses primarily on the environmental problems associated with
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deforestation
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overpopulation
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pesticide toxicity
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loss of biodiversity
Pregunta 46
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If GMO crops can decrease pesticide use, why are environmentalists still concerned about them?
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the government funds most GMO crop research
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Trials involving biotech crops have increased dramatically in recent years
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The FDA does not regulate them
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Inserted genes can spread to nontarget species
Pregunta 47
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The worldwise drop in sperm counts among men has been attributed to
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endocrine disruptors
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DDT
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teratogens
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radon
Pregunta 48
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Synergistic effects of toxicants
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re not numerous in the natural environment
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are greater than the sum of the effects of the components
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have effects of individual toxicants that tend to cancel one another out
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lways involve synthetic toxicants
Pregunta 49
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What are the properties of toxicants that are likely to build up in animals through bioaccumulation?
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they are gases that readily carried by pesticide drift
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they are non biodegradable and fat-soluble
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hey are carcinogenic and mutagenic
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they are biodgreadable and water soluble
Pregunta 50
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Mercury is not readily excreted; it is stored in mammalian body tissues. This is best described as
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toxification
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synergism
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distillation
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bioaccumulation
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