Pregunta 1
Pregunta
What are the two ways of representing data?
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
What are the measures of central tendency?
Respuesta
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Mean
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Standard deviation
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Mode
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Median
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Range
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Inter-quartile range
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
What is the mean?
Respuesta
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The arithmetic average that is calculated through adding all of the values and then dividing by how many there are.
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The middle number after all numbers have been ordered
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The most frequent number in a set
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
What are the advantages of the mean?
Respuesta
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• Contributed to by all values
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• Preferred when data is skewed
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• Useful in statistics
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• Used within continuous data
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• Preferred when data is normally distributed
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• Easiest to understand and calculate
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
What are the disadvantages of the mean?
Respuesta
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• More difficult to understand
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• Time consuming
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• Affected by extreme values
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• Not appropriate with ordinal and nominal level data
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• Might not be an actual value in the set
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
What is the median
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
What are the advantages of the median?
Respuesta
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• Easier to understand
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• Easiest to understand and calculate
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• Unaffected by extreme values
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• Used with ordinal and continuous data
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• An actual value
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• Preferred when data is skewed
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
What are the disadvantages of the median
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
What is the mode?
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
What are the advantages of the mode?
Respuesta
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• Easiest to understand and calculate
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• Used with categorical data
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• An actual value
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• Preferred when data is skewed
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• Unaffected by extreme values
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
What are the disadvantages of the mode?
Respuesta
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• Affected by extreme values
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• Sometimes there is more than one
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• More difficult to understand
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
What are the different measures of distribution or the spread of data?
Respuesta
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Mean
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Range
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Mode
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Interquartile range
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Standard deviation
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Median
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
What is the range?
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
What are the advantages of the range?
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
What are the disadvantages of the range?
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
What is the inter-quartile range?
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
What are the advantages of the interquartile range?
Respuesta
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• Related to the actual values in the set
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• Useful in statistics
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• Used with continuous data
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• Usually used with ordinal and continuous data
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• Unaffected by extreme values
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
What are the disadvantages of the inter-quartile range?
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
What is standard deviation?
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
What are the advantages of standard deviation?
Respuesta
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• Uses all the values in the set
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• Easy to understand
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• Useful in statistics
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• Used with continuous data
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• Usually used with ordinal and continuous data
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
What are the disadvantages of standard deviation?
Respuesta
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• Affected by extreme values
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• More difficult to understand
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• Unlikely to be a value in the set
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
What is a normal distribution?
Respuesta
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This is normal because the mean, median and mode lies in the same place, the mean is the preferred method.
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The mean is dragged in the direction of the skew so the median is the preferred measure (an easy test – ceiling effect).
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
What is a negatively skewed distribution?
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
What is a positively skewed distribution?
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
What is the preferred measure for a normal distribution?
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
What is the preferred method for a skewed distribution?
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
What are box and whisker plots?
Respuesta
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They are helpful for indicating whether a distribution is skewed and if there any unusual observations (outliers) in the data set.
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They are useful when large numbers of observations are involved or comparing two or more data sets.
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
What are the different ways of representing data?
Respuesta
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Bar chart
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Line graph
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Scatter diagram
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Pie chart
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
What are the levels of measurement
Respuesta
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Nominal data
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Continuous data
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Ordinal data
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Ratio data
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Categorical data
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Interval data
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
What is nominal data?
Respuesta
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When quantities that are ordered y criteria such as positions in a rate. However it does not allow you to state whether the intervals between each value are equal.
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categorically discrete data such as the name of your school or the car you drive.
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This is like like ordinal data except the intervals between each value is equally split, such as the time of day on a clock.
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
What is ordinal data?
Respuesta
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like ordinal data except the intervals between each value is equally split, such as the time of day on a clock.
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interval data with a natural zero point (ruler in cm).
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When quantities that are ordered y criteria such as positions in a rate. However it does not allow you to state whether the intervals between each value are equal.
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The median could be a measure of central tendency for this.
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
What is interval data?
Respuesta
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The median could be a measure of central tendency for this.
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this is like ordinal data except the intervals between each value is equally split, such as the time of day on a clock.
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
What is ratio data?
Respuesta
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this is like ordinal data except the intervals between each value is equally split, such as the time of day on a clock.
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interval data with a natural zero point (ruler in cm).
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
What is categorical data?
Respuesta
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data which is divided into groups (types of animals). This data is nominal and discrete.
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The mode would be the measure of central tendency as it cannot be used with arithmetic.
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Representations could include a bar chart with gaps between the bars (grouped discrete data)
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data restricted to a limited set of discrete values (shoes size and money)
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
What is continuous data?
Respuesta
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data which can take any value within a range (height). The mean could be a measure of central tendency, this is because it would give you the arithmetic average for the large range of data which can then be used in statistics.
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The median could be used if the data was skewed because this would be more representative of the data.
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Representations could include a line graph or a histogram (grouped continuous)
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
What is discrete data?
Respuesta
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data restricted to a limited set of discrete values (shoes size and money)
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data which is divided into groups (types of animals). This data is nominal and discrete. The mode would be the measure of central tendency as it cannot be used with arithmetic.
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
What types of data is the mean used for?
Respuesta
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Continuous
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Standard deviation
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
What types of data is the median used for?
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
What types of data would be the mode be used for?
Respuesta
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Categorical data
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Ordinal data
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Nominal data