B7 Quiz - Circulation

Humans - and all other mammals - have a double circulatory system which comprises two separate circuits. What does it mean to say the human heart is a 'double pump?

The blood in each 'circuit' is interchanged.

Choose the statements which are correct descriptions of arteries.

Choose the correct order: 1. It is pumped to the lungs, via the pulmonary artery where it is oxygenated. 2. The left side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs, through the aorta to the body tissues (excluding the lungs). 3. Blood returns to the left side of the heart, via the pulmonary vein and is pumped to the body tissues again. 4. Deoxygenated blood returns from the body tissues to the right side of the heart, via the vena cava.

The heart is mainly made from [blank_start]muscle[blank_end]. The left ventricle of the heart has a [blank_start]thicker[blank_end] muscle wall because it needs to pump blood further, and at a higher [blank_start]pressure[blank_end], around the body. The right ventricle is under [blank_start]less[blank_end] pressure as it only needs to pump blood to the [blank_start]lungs[blank_end]. The heart needs a [blank_start]continuous[blank_end] supply of oxygen and glucose for [blank_start]respiration[blank_end]. The [blank_start]coronary[blank_end] artery is a branch of the aorta which transports [blank_start]blood[blank_end] to the heart muscle itself. A [blank_start]blockage[blank_end] in one of the branches of the coronary artery can severely interrupt blood flow and is called a [blank_start]heart attack[blank_end].

Which of the four components of blood is being described? The liquid part of blood. It transports nutrients (eg glucose), amino acids, antibodies and hormones to tissues that need them. It also transports waste substances: carbon dioxide and water to the lungs, and water and urea to the kidneys.

Which of the four components of blood is being described? They transport oxygen, which is bound to haemoglobin.

Which of the four components of blood is being described? They are part of the body’s immune system and fight infection.

Which of the four components of blood is being described? They stick together when a blood vessel is damaged in order to help form a clot.

Red blood cells' lack of a nucleus is so they are smaller.

Red blood cells are a biconcave shape. This kind of shape (which is disc like) gives them an increased surface area for oxygen exchange.

By the time blood reaches the capillary beds from an [blank_start]artery[blank_end], it is at high pressure and this forces blood [blank_start]plasma[blank_end] out. The plasma leaves the capillary and becomes [blank_start]tissue[blank_end] fluid. As the blood plasma moves through the capillary bed towards the vein, [blank_start]pressure[blank_end] drops and stops plasma being squeezed out. Tissue fluid acts as a bridge in the [blank_start]diffusion[blank_end] of chemicals between the capillaries and the cells of the tissue. Oxygen and [blank_start]glucose[blank_end] diffuse from the blood into the tissue fluid and then into the cells. Carbon dioxide and [blank_start]urea[blank_end] diffuse from the cells into the tissue fluid, which [blank_start]drains[blank_end] back into the blood due to the [blank_start]reduced[blank_end] pressure.