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Endocrine System Anatomy PMU 2nd Year

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Endocrine System Anatomy PMU 2nd Year
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
Adenohypophysis derives from the ectoderm of the primary oral cavity
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
There are three parts in the adenohypophysis
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
Lobus pyramidalis is not an obligatory part of the thyroid gland.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Acidophilic cells constitute 30-40% of the cell composition of adenohypophysis.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
The islets of Langerhans are mostly located in the head of pancreas.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Secretion of Langerhans’ island cells is regulated by the adenohypophysis.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
Gonadotropic cells refer to the acidophilic cells of adenohypophysis.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
Calcitonin and parathormone have antagonistic function.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
Parafollicular cells have mesoblastic origin.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
The function of parafollicular cells is regulated from adenohypophysis.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
The cells of the zona reticularis of the adrenal gland produce aldosterone.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
The cells of zona glomerulosa in suprarenal gland are functionally related with the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
Secretory cells in epiphysis are pituicytes.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
There are two lobes in the thyroid gland.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
Iodine is needed for the synthesis of the parafollicular hormone.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
Melatonin is secreted by the cells of epiphysis.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
Mitochondria with tubulo-vesicular folds are characteristic for the cells of the gland:
Respuesta
  • Cortex of suprarenal gland
  • Medulla of suprarenal gland
  • Thyroid gland
  • Adenohypophysis

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
What kind are the capillaries of the hypophysis?
Respuesta
  • Non Continuous
  • Fenestrative
  • Continuous
  • All 3 kinds

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
The hormones of neurohypophysis are produced from cells located in:
Respuesta
  • Neurohypophysis
  • Anterior nucleus of hypothalamus
  • Medial nucleus
  • Infundibulum

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
In the chromophilic cells o adenohypophysis are stained with different staining:
Respuesta
  • Mitochondria
  • Granules
  • Plasmalema
  • Golgi Apparatus

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
For which gland adenohypophysis does not secrete hormones?
Respuesta
  • Ovary
  • Mammary gland
  • Parathyroid gland
  • Cortex of suprarenal gland

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
Herring bodies are:
Respuesta
  • Structure of pituicytes
  • Vesicles with hormone. found in the terminal part of the axon of the neurosecretory cells Dilated Blood Sinuses
  • Granules in chromphilic cells

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
In normal function of the thyroid gland, thyrocytes in follicles are:
Respuesta
  • Squamous
  • Cuboidal
  • Cylindrical
  • Flattened

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
Indicate how the cells of the cortex of suprarenal gland a called:
Respuesta
  • Chromaffin
  • Adrenocorticocytes
  • Pituicytes
  • Pinealocytes

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
Pituicytes are cells in:
Respuesta
  • Neurohypophysis
  • Epiphiss
  • Thyroid gland
  • Adenohypophysis

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
The cells of the APUD system are:
Respuesta
  • Basophilic
  • Acidophilic
  • Argentophilic
  • Sudanophilic

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
Tubulovesicular mitochondria are typical for:
Respuesta
  • The cells of the adrenal gland cortex
  • C cells of the thyroid gland
  • Thyrocytes

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
The cells of the adrenal gland cortex are:
Respuesta
  • Chromaphin
  • Adrenocorticocytes
  • Pinealocytes

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
Insulin is produced by:
Respuesta
  • A-cells of the Langerhans islets
  • B-cells of the Langerhans isiets
  • pinealocytes
  • adrenocorticocytes

Pregunta 30

Pregunta
C cells are in:
Respuesta
  • thyroid gland
  • adenohypophysis
  • adrenal gland

Pregunta 31

Pregunta
The epithelium of the thyroid follicle in hypofunction is:
Respuesta
  • Cuboidal
  • Cylindrical
  • Flatten

Pregunta 32

Pregunta
Parafollicular cells of thyroid gland have:
Respuesta
  • Ectoblastic origin
  • Mesoblastic origin
  • Endoblastic origin
  • Mesenchymal origin

Pregunta 33

Pregunta
For endocrine glands is characteristic:
Respuesta
  • Pour their secretion into the cavities
  • Rich network of fenestrated capillaries
  • Originate only from the ectoblast
  • Participate in the humoral regulation of vital functions

Pregunta 34

Pregunta
For the basophilic cells of the adenohypophysis is characteristic:
Respuesta
  • Regulate the synthesis and secretion of triiodothyronine and thyroxine
  • Contain granules stained with basic dyes
  • Consist of 50% of all the cells of adenohypophysis
  • Secrete steroid hormones
  • Functionally they are separated to 3 kinds

Pregunta 35

Pregunta
For the thyroid gland is characteristic:
Respuesta
  • Follicles as the main structural unit
  • 2 kinds of secretory cells
  • The function of parafollicular cells is independent from the hormones
  • The hormone of parafollucular cells is tetraiodothyronin.
  • Has endoblastic origin

Pregunta 36

Pregunta
For the follicular cells of the thyroid gland-thyrocytes is characteristic:
Respuesta
  • Synthesize and secrete calcitonin
  • Organized in groups with connective tissue between the follicles
  • They have double secretion
  • They have cuboid shape and oval nuclei
  • They can transform iodide ions to iodine

Pregunta 37

Pregunta
For the cortex of the suprarenal gland is characteristic:
Respuesta
  • Separated to 3 zones
  • Cells with mitochondria with cristae from tubulo-vesicular type and lipid inclusions.
  • Cells of zona glomerulosa form strands reaching the medulla of the gland.
  • Regular for the synthesis and secretion of glucocorticords is the system renin-angiotensin-aldosterone.
  • Cells of zona fasciculata produce a great amount of vitamin C.

Pregunta 38

Pregunta
For the medulla of the suprarenal gland is characteristic:
Respuesta
  • Divide into 3 zones
  • Originates from ectoblast
  • Cells with an affinity to chromium salts and called Chromatin
  • Cells with mitochondria cristae from tubular-vesicular type and lipids
  • Secretes hormones originating from dopamine

Pregunta 39

Pregunta
For the cells of the reticular zone of the adrenal gland is characteristic
Respuesta
  • Peripherally located directly below the capsule
  • Synthesize glycocorticoid hormones
  • Their function is controlled by the adrenocorticotropic hormone
  • Arranged in strands that form a network
  • Have affinity with chromium salts

Pregunta 40

Pregunta
For the endocrine part of the pancreas (Islets of Langerhans) is characteristic:
Respuesta
  • Arranged in the follicles
  • Four types of basic secretory cells
  • The islets are mostly located in the pancreatic head
  • B-Cells are located in the islets
  • Secretion is regulated by hormones of the adenohypophysis

Pregunta 41

Pregunta
For cells of the APUD-system is characteristics
Respuesta
  • Neuroectodermal origin
  • available only in the organs of the digestive system
  • producing polypeptide hormones and biogenic amines
  • depending on the pituitary hormones
  • affinity for silver and chromium salts

Pregunta 42

Pregunta
For the epiphysis is characteristic:
Respuesta
  • Belongs structurally to the hypothalamus
  • There are two different types of secretory cells
  • It is called the pineal gland
  • Released peptide hormones and biogenic amines
  • A gonadotropic action

Pregunta 43

Pregunta
The system of the hypothalamic-adenohypophysis blood supply is called [blank_start]Portal Hypophysis System[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • Portal Hypophysis System

Pregunta 44

Pregunta
B cells in the endocrine pancreas represent [blank_start]75[blank_end]% of the islets of Langerhans and produce the hormone [blank_start]insulin[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • 75
  • insulin

Pregunta 45

Pregunta
The secretory cells of the epiphysis are [blank_start]pinealocytes[blank_end] and produce the hormone [blank_start]melatonin[blank_end] and [blank_start]serotonin[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • pinealocytes
  • melatonin
  • serotonin

Pregunta 46

Pregunta
Connect hormones with glands: A. Aldosterone [blank_start]2[blank_end] B. Melatonin [blank_start]4[blank_end] C. Somatotropin [blank_start]1[blank_end] D. Thyroxin [blank_start]5[blank_end] E. Insulin [blank_start]3[blank_end] 1.Adenohypophysis 2.Adrenal Gland 3.lslets of Langerhans 4.Epiphysis 5.Thyroid Gland
Respuesta
  • 2
  • 1
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 4
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 5
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 5
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 3
  • 1
  • 2
  • 4
  • 5

Pregunta 47

Pregunta
Connect hormones with glands A. Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. [blank_start]1[blank_end], [blank_start]3[blank_end], [blank_start]4[blank_end] B. Mediobasal and tuberal nuclei [blank_start]2[blank_end], [blank_start]5[blank_end] 1. Secretion of the antidiuretic hormone 2. Secretion of liberins and statins 3. Connected with neurohypophysis 4.. Secretion of oxytocin 5. Secretion in the capillary network of median eminence
Respuesta
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 3
  • 1
  • 2
  • 4
  • 5
  • 4
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 5
  • 2
  • 1
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 5
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4

Pregunta 48

Pregunta
Connect the relevant endocrine glands with embryonal structures from which they are originated A. Adenohypophysis [blank_start]3[blank_end] B. Epiphysis [blank_start]1[blank_end] C. Adrenal Cortex [blank_start]4[blank_end] D. Parathyroid Gland [blank_start]1[blank_end] E Thyroid Gland [blank_start]2[blank_end] 1. Neuroectoderm 2. Endoderm 3. Ectoderm of the oral cavity 4. Mesoderm
Respuesta
  • 3
  • 1
  • 2
  • 4
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 4
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 2
  • 1
  • 3
  • 4

Pregunta 49

Pregunta
A. Islets of Langerhans [blank_start]4[blank_end] B. Cortex of the adrenal gland [blank_start]2[blank_end] C. Thyroid gland [blank_start]3[blank_end] D. Epiphysis [blank_start]5[blank_end] E. Leydig cells [blank_start]1[blank_end] 1. crystalloids of Reinke 2. adrenocortcocytes 3. C-cells 4. B-cells 5. acervulus
Respuesta
  • 4
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 5
  • 2
  • 1
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 3
  • 1
  • 2
  • 4
  • 5
  • 5
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5

Pregunta 50

Pregunta
Connect each description with the gland: A. Follicles [blank_start]4[blank_end] B. Chromafin cells [blank_start]3[blank_end] C. Portal Circulation [blank_start]2[blank_end] D. Pinealocytes [blank_start]5[blank_end] E. Bodies of Herring [blank_start]1[blank_end] 1. Neurohypophysis 2. Adenohypophysis 3. Medulla of the Adrenal gland 4. Thryoid Gland 5. Epiphysis
Respuesta
  • 4
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 5
  • 3
  • 1
  • 2
  • 4
  • 5
  • 2
  • 1
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 5
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5

Pregunta 51

Pregunta
Herring bodies are dilated blood sinusoids
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 52

Pregunta
For the hypophysis is characteristic:
Respuesta
  • the neuroglial cells of the neurohypophysis are pinealocytes
  • its secretions have general effects on the cells of the entire body
  • the basophilic cells consist of 50% of all the cells of adenohypophysis
  • the acidophilic cells regulate the synthesis and secretion of triiodothyronine and thyroxine
  • the acidophilic cells synthesize and secrete growth hormone and prolactin
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