7260690
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
The field of immunology expanded along with the development of vaccines. The first widely used vaccine was against the human disease smallpox and was developed from the
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vaccinia virus
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variola virus
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monkeypox virus
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chickenpox virus
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
The person who coined the term ‘chemotherapy’ and was the first to focus research efforts on the development of drugs to treat infectious disease was
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Edward Jenner
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Louis Pasteur
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Paul Ehrlich
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Alexander Fleming
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
A “magic bullet” drug to stop HIV replication might be
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inhibition of nucleic synthesis by Rifamycin
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inhibition of reverse transcriptase by Lamivudine
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inhibition of protein synthesis by Streptomycin
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inhibition of microtubule function by Mebendazole
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
What type of dendritic cell releases CCL 19 and 21 attracting B cells to the lymph nodes?
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Dendrite
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APC Dendritic
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Follicular Dendritic
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which complement pathway(s) result in complement fixation?
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Alternative
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Lectin
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Classical
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All (alternative, lectin, classical)
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
A cell that has a differentiated Heavy (mew) chain and has not yet undergone light chain rearrangement is known as?
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Pro-B cell
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Pre-B cell
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Mature B cell
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Immature B cell
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Neutrophils secrete many cytokines.
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- True
- False
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Innate immunity is required for adaptive immunity to occur.
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- True
- False
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Which of the following is not a granulocyte?
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Eosinophil
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Basophil
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Monocyte
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Neutrophil
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
A ‘magic bullet’ drug to control an infection with Candida albicans (thrush) or Tinea pedis (athlete’s foot) might target which of the following?
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Ergosterol
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70S ribosomes
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Peptidoglycan
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Your 1st defense against infection is
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Macrophages
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Neutrophils
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Skin and mucosal membranes
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Lymphocytes
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a phagocyte?
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Macrophage
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Neutrophil
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Dendritic cell
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Natural Killer cell
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
I am a cell that plays an important role:
-in innate immunity
-as an antigen presenting cell
-in the initiation of adaptive immunity
I am a:
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Basophil
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Neutrophil
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Dendritic cell
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Natural Killer cell
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
An example of a primary lymphoid organ is:
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Spleen
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Appendix
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Thymus
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Peyer’s patch
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
The success of vaccination relies on development of a good memory response. Immunological memory develops during the __________ immune response and results in higher antibody titers in the __________ response:
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Innate, primary
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Innate, secondary
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Adaptive, primary
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Adaptive, secondary
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
What is an immediate (first) complement response of our innate immune system to bacterial infection?
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Classical pathway
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Lectin pathway
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Alternative pathway
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Garden pathway
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which complement pathway is activated by antibody?
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Classical
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Alternative
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Lectin
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All of the above
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Complement activation results in:
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Increased opsonization
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Increased inflammatory response
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Formation of a membrane attack complex
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All of the above
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Cells which are most important in immune surveillance for tumor cells are:
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TH1 and TH2 cells
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TH2 and B cells
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TH1 and B cells
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NK and CD8 T cells
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
A tumor occurring in a lymph node would be called:
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Leukemia
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Sarcoma
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Lymphoma
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Carcinoma
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
The Ames test allows detection of:
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Carcinogens
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Mutagens
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Tumors
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Proto-oncogenes
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
If an autoantibody is made against a cell-surface antigen, the autoimmune disease is considered a:
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Type I
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Type II
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Type III
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Type IV
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Autoimmune diseases can be described as:
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Over-reaction of the human systems to harmless environmental antigens.
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Under reaction of the immune system to harmless environmental antigens.
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Gain of tolerance to self-antigens.
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Loss of tolerance to self-antigens.
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
An example of a minor histocompatibility complex antigen is:
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XSCID
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H-Y
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HVGD
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H-DR
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
If one wants to minimize the chance of GVHD following a hematopoietic cell transplants, one could administer the cytotoxic drug:
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Rapamycin
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Tacrolimus
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Methotrexate
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Prednisone
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
The main tissues affected by GVHD are:
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Skin, liver and GI tract
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Kidney, liver and heart
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Skin, kidney and liver
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Hair, kidney and skin
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
_____ transplants do not require extensive HLA matching, but _____ transplants do.
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Cornea, liver
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Heart, cornea
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Liver, bone marrow
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Bone marrow, cornea
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
A drug that inhibits IL-2 production is:
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Azathioprine
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Tacrolimus
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Methotrexate
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Prednisone
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
In dengue infection cross-reactive memory T cells recovered exhibited a higher affinity to variant epitopes representing serotypes of previous exposure – a phenomenon called:
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Antibody-dependent enhancement
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ADCC
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Original antigenic sin
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Immune complexes
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Inflammatory cytokine _____ levels have been shown to be higher in DHF than in DF suggesting a role in vascular plasma leakage.
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IFN-gamma, IL-2
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TNF-alpha, IL-1
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IL-10, IL-2
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IL-6, IL-4
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
The genome of dengue virus is _____ and contains _____ genes.
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11 kb; 10
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15 kb; 20
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20 kb; 30
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25 kb; 40
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Currently DHF and DSS represent _____ of total hospitalized dengue cases.
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1-25%
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10-50%
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2.5-40%
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5-220%
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Dengue virus is a:
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Filovirus
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Flavivirus
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Herpes virus
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Rhinovirus
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Anaphylatoxins produced by activated complement include:
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C4b and C2a
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C3b and C4a
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C3a and C5a
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C2b and C3a
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies can affect the target cell by:
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Inhibition of calcineurin and induction of apoptosis
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Inhibit JAK 3 and induction of apoptosis
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Block or down regulate surface molecules and induction of apoptosis
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Disrupt DNA replication
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
When a graft is considered to have stable function, treatment is modified from:
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Xenobiotics to biological
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Biologicals to maintenance
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Induction to maintenance
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Xenobiotics to induction
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Based on data presented by Andrew Read, the regimen for malaria treatment determined by the WHO actually:
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Decreases competition by sensitive organisms allowing an increase in resistant organisms in an individual
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Increase the number of resistant transmission-state organisms
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Increases transmission of resistant organisms
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All of the above
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