Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Clare foolishly believes Tom when he tells her that the chewing gum she just swallowed will take seven years to digest
Respuesta
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Clare has developed an oral receptive character because she was overindulged at the oral stage of development
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Clare has an oral aggressive character because she was under-indulged at the oral stage of development
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Clare has an anal retentive character because she resisted her parents’ demands at the anal stage of development
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Clare has an anal-expulsive personality because she complied with her parents’ demands at the anal stage of development
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
A woman who knows she has active herpes and untreated syphilis but continues to have sex without informing her partners of her condition has, in psychoanalytic terms
Respuesta
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A strong ego
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A weak superego
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A weak id
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A strong super ego
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
What is the layer of the mind that includes all the Id, Superego, and most of the Ego?
Respuesta
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Conscious
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Preconscious
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Unconscious
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None of the answers
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Bobby is thirsty and wants his mother to get him a drink. He waits until she has finished talking to her friend and then asks ‘Mummy, please can I have a drink of water?’ His mother then fetches him a cup of water. Bobby’s behaviour represents
Respuesta
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An underdeveloped id
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An underdeveloped ego
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A fully developed id
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A fully developed ego
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Most neo-Freudians differ from Freud in three respects. Which of the answers below is NOT one of these ways?
Respuesta
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Neo-Freudians emphasize conscious rather than unconscious thought
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Neo-Freudians view sex as less important than Freud did
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Neo-Freudians put less emphasis on individual introspection and more emphasis on acquiring experimental data as a source of psychological theory
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Neo-Freudians inject a focus on interpersonal relationships as a source of psychological differences.
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Karen Horney postulated all of the following character patterns except
Respuesta
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Moving away from people, characterized by social avoidance, withdrawal, and need for independence
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Moving with people, characterized by compliance, submissive behavior, and a need for love
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Moving toward people, characterized by compliance, submissive behavior, and a need for love
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Moving against people, characterized by arrogance, hostility, and a need for power
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Of the following terms, which one term best fits this statement? "it is the person's presentation put forth to the world. It is structured from parental introjects, social role expectations, and peer expectations."
Respuesta
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Psyche
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Self
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Anima
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Persona
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Jane lives on her own, but on her way home from work every day she stops off at the gym to work out for an hour and then stops off at her favourite café for a cup of green tea before going home. This routine is an example of which of Maslow's need levels? ________ needs
Respuesta
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Belongingness
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Safety
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Physical
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Biosocial
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
A discrepancy between the self-concept and the ideal self results in
Respuesta
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Ego defence mechanisms
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Safe-guarding tendencies
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The person of tomorrow
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Incongruence
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Many victims of hurricane Katrina were left without their homes, food, and water--basic necessities for living. Based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which motives were activated for these individuals?
Respuesta
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Security
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Self-actualisation
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Physiological
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Belongingness
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Which of these is not a five factor (Costa and McCrae)
Respuesta
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Extraversion
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Psychoticism
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Neuroticism
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Agreeableness
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
A trait is best described as
Respuesta
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A cluster of surface factors
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A temporary attitude towards a person or event
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A relatively permanent disposition of a person
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An environmentally determined hypothetical construct that shapes an individual's behaviour and thought
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Allport calls the traits that organise and influence most of our behaviour
Respuesta
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Cardinal traits
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Central traits
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Secondary traits
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Source traits
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
People who score high on the Psychoticism (P) scale are
Respuesta
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introverted, quiet and thoughtful
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obsessive-compulsive, hysterical and suggestible
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empathetic, caring and cooperative
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egocentric, aggressive and hostile
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
At the broadest level, the two strategies for structured personality-test construction are ‘Deductive’ comprising ________ and ‘Empirical comprising _________? (
Respuesta
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Logical content and criterion group; theoretical approach and factor analysis
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Logical content and factor analysis method; criterion group and theoretical approach
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Logical content and theoretical approach; criterion group and the factor analysis method
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None of the answers
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Which of the following is an accurate criticisms of projective tests of personality?
Respuesta
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They have poor inter-rater reliability, but they show high validity
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They prevent subjects from expressing themselves freely
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Their validity is too high
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They require too many inferences on the part of the examiner and do no show high validity
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which test employs figure drawings produced by the testtaker as the projective stimulus?
Respuesta
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The word association test
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The house-tree-person test
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The hand test
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The free association test
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Which of the following is involved in a Thematic Apperception Test?
Respuesta
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Black and white pictures of people in vague or ambiguous situations
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Colour photographs of a catastrophic event
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Colour photographs of a scenic view
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Black and white pictures of people in compromising situations
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Which of the following is a subtype of Dramatic/Emotional Personality Disorders (Cluster B)
Respuesta
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Paranoid Personality Disorder
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Schizoid Personality Disorder
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Histrionic Personality Disorder
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Schitotypal Personality Disorder
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
An individual with narcissistic personality disorder will routinely overestimate their abilities and inflate their accomplishments, and this is characterized by which of the following?
Respuesta
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A pervasive need for admiration
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Unusual ideas of reference
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Impulsive behaviour such as drug abuse
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An inability to monitor reality
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
An Individual with Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder will NOT exhibit which of the following characteristics?
Respuesta
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Eceptionally perfectionist tendancies
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They will stick to the rules
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A preoccupation with orderliness
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Almost always chooses solitary activities
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
People with _____ personality disorder seem to have no need for social relationships
Respuesta
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Borderline
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Histrionic
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Obsessive-compulsive
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Schizoid
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Tom and Sally have been dating for two years. Sally breaks up with Tom because he cheated on her with Betty. Sally tells her friend Kelly about Tom, but she tells her without showing any emotion. Tom continues to call Sally and treat her as he did when they were going out. Betty, who did not know about Sally, tells Tom that she is glad that he feels guilty for hurting Sally. She also tells him that it will take a long time to get over the guilt.
Sally is using ??? as a defense mechanism.
Respuesta
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Repression
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Isolation
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Projection
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Denial
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Judith is angry that her husband is going to be late home from work again and hadn’t called to let her know first. During dinner she snaps at her children for their poor table manners and sends them all to bed without pudding. According to Freud, which defence mechanism is she employing?
Respuesta
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Sublimation
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Regression
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Displacement
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Repression
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
According to Freud, the mind includes accessible memories, which can be recalled at will
Respuesta
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Conscious
-
Low conscious
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Unconscious
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Preconscious
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Asif is a hoarder. He has kept every copy of the NME that he has ever bought and has these arranged in chronological order in files on his bookshelf and refuses to throw them away. According to Freud’s theory of psychosexual development, this behaviour represents which personality type?
Respuesta
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Oral retentive
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Anal retentive
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Oral aggressive
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Anal expulsive
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
The process that Freud referred to as identification, involving the realization that the sexes differ, is an important psychological milestone connected with what stage of development?
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
According to Freud, is the defence mechanism that involves reverting to immature behaviours that have relieved anxiety in the past
Respuesta
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Regression
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Displacement
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Projection
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Rationalisation
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Which one of the following distinguishes Jungian analytical psychology from other approaches?
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Which of the following Neo-Freudians proposed the ‘inferiority complex’ which refers to the situation in which the individual becomes fixated on what they perceive to be their flaws or inferiorities?
Respuesta
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Erikson
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Adler
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Jung
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Horney
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
According to Adler, which of the following is NOT one of the primary goals of children’s misbehavior?
Respuesta
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Attention
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Affection
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Power
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Revenge
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
According to Jung, what is the term for the social mask that one wears in public dealings?
Respuesta
-
The anima
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The archetypal persona
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The persona
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The animus
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
One of the most useful Jungian ideas is his classification of the four basic ways of thinking. ____ establishes what is actually present, ___ enables us to recognize its meaning, ___ tells us its value, and ___ points to possibilities as to whence it came and whither it is going in a given situation.
Respuesta
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Sensation; feeling; rational thinking; intuition
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Intuition; rational thinking; feeling; sensation
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Sensation; rational thinking; feeling; intuition
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Feelings; rational thinking; sensation; intuition
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Karen Horney believed that neurotic needs develop in
Respuesta
-
Childhood
-
Adulthood
-
Adolescence
-
Infancy
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
It can be speculated that the deviation of Jung’s that most irritated Freud was:
Respuesta
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The concept of archetypes
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Jung’s substantial interest in mystical and spiritual matters
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Jung’s proposal of the collective unconscious, which Freud felt was far-fetched
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The false persona that Jung adopted during public dealings
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
If you feel that other people value you only if you are smart, successful, attractive, or good, according to Rogers, you will develop_______.
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Rogers believed that each person has a natural tendency towards growth and...
Respuesta
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Self-centredness
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Self-acceptance
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Self-actualisation
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Self-awareness
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
A father only shows interest and love for his son when he engages in sports he himself enjoys (such as boxing) and not when his son engages in sports such as ballet dancing. According to Carl Rogers, as a result of this treatment. the son is likely to develop
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
The highest level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is:
Respuesta
-
Security
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Belongingness
-
Physiological
-
Self-actualisation
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
According to Maslow, when does a need stop motivating?
Respuesta
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When it is substantially satisfied
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When one chooses to move to a higher level need
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When one returns to a lower level need
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It never stops motivating
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
In the story, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, the dwarfs names (sleepy, dopey, grumpy etc) represent which of Allport’s Traits?
Respuesta
-
Central
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Secondary
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Primary
-
Cardinal
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
In his theory of motivation, Maslow assumed that
Respuesta
-
People in different cultures have different basic needs
-
Motivation is nearly always conscious
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People are motivated by one need at a time
-
People are continually motivated by one need or another
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Which of the following does NOT occur during the free association phase of the Rorschach inkblot test?
Respuesta
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The tester and the client sit next to each other at a table
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The tester asks the client where in each inkblot s/he saw each image
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The client is asked to list at least two things that each inkblot calls to mind.
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The client is asked to view the ink blot