7425498
Descripción
Test por Robinmarie Rivera, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Robinmarie Rivera
hace más de 7 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
When a nurse observes muscle stiffening occurring within 6-14 hours after death, the nurse should document this finding as _____ present.
Respuesta
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Gangrene
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Rigor mortis
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Livor mortis
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Algor mortis
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
A 75-year-old male presents with chest pain on exertion. The chest pain is most likely due to hypoxic injury secondary to:
Respuesta
-
Free radicals
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Malnutrition
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Chemical toxicity
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Ischemia
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
A 55-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance. Examination of his airway (bronchial) reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have replaced the normal columnar ciliated cells. This type of cellular adaptation is called:
Respuesta
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Dysplasia
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Hyperplasia
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Metaplasia
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Anaplasia
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
After a geneticist talks to the patient about being a chromosomal mosaic, the patient asks the nurse what that means. How should the nurse respond? You may _____ genetic disease(s).
Respuesta
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Have a mild form of the
-
Have two
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Only be a carrier of the
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Be sterile as a result of the
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
A 40-year-old female is diagnosed with cervical cancer after a Pap smear. Which of the following cellular changes would the nurse most likely see on the report?
Respuesta
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Atrophy
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Dysplasia
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Metaplasia
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Hypertrophy
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
A family presents to their primary care provider reporting headache, nausea, weakness, and vomiting. Which of the following would be the most likely explanation for these symptoms?
Respuesta
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Mercury poisoning
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Carbon monoxide poisoning
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Lead exposure
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Ethanol poisoning
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
A child is born with blue eyes (bb). The child's mother has blue eyes and the father has brown eyes. Which of the following represents the father?
Respuesta
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BB
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Bb
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bb
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Bbb
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
A group of prison inmates developed tuberculosis following exposure to an infected inmate. On examination, tissues were soft and granular (like clumped cheese). Which of the following is the most likely cause?
Respuesta
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Liquefactive necrosis
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Autonecrosis
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Coagulative necrosis
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Caseous necrosis
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
A 50-year-old female became infected with Clostridium bacteria and died a week later. Examination of her red blood cells revealed lysis of membranes. Which of the following was the most likely cause of her death?
Respuesta
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Fat necrosis
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Gas gangrene
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Wet gangrene
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Gangrenous necrosis
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
A couple has three offspring: one child with an autosomal dominant disease trait and two who are normal. The father is affected by the autosomal dominant disease, but the mother does not have the disease gene. What is the recurrence risk of this autosomal dominant disease for their next child?
Respuesta
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Impossible to determine
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25%
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33%
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50%
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition?
Respuesta
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biploidy
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tetraploidy
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aneuploidy
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triploidy
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Which of the following mutations have the most significant effect on protein synthesis?
Respuesta
-
Silent mutations
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Frameshift mutations
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Base pair substitutions
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Intron mutations
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
The condition in which an extra portion of a chromosome is present in each cell is called:
Respuesta
-
Down syndrome
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Inversion
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Partial trisomy
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Reciprocal translocation
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
When homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis, which of the following occurs?
Respuesta
-
Conjoined twins
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Polyploidy
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Neurofibromatosis
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Nondisjunction
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
A nurse recalls the basic components of DNA are:
Respuesta
-
Codons, oxygen, and cytosine
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A phosphate molecule, deoxyribose, and four nitrogenous bases
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Adenine, guanine, and purine
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Pentose sugars and four phosphate bases
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
The gradual increase in height among the human population over the past 100 years is an example of:
Respuesta
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A polygenic trait
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Crossing over
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Recombination
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A multifactorial trait
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
To express a polygenic trait:
Respuesta
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Several genes must act together.
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Penetrance must occur.
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Genes must interact with the environment.
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Multiple mutations must occur in the same family.
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury that causes cell death with severe cell swelling and breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse use to define this process?
Respuesta
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Pathologic calcification
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Apoptosis
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Necrosis
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Adaptation
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this disease is associated with:
Respuesta
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Expressivity
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Delayed age of onset
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Penetrance
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Recurrence risk
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
A normal male and a female carrier for red-green color blindness mate. Given that red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait, what is the likelihood of their children being affected?
Respuesta
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Females most affected; no males affected
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50%
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25%
-
Males most affected; no females affected
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
A 52-year-old male suffered a myocardial infarction secondary to atherosclerosis and ischemia. Once oxygen returned to the damaged heart, reperfusion injury occurred as a result of:
Respuesta
-
Lipid acceptor proteins
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Free radical formation
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Vacuolation
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Increased metabolic state
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
While reading a textbook, the student reads the term, "apoptosis." The student recalls that apoptosis is a condition in which cells program themselves to:
Respuesta
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Atrophy
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Age
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Regenerate
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Die
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
During childhood, the thymus decreases in size, and this is referred to as _____ atrophy.
Respuesta
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Disuse
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Pathologic
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Neurogenic
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Physiologic
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
A 55-year-old male has swelling of the feet. Which of the following aided in development of swelling?
Respuesta
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Decreased oncotic pressure
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Increased ATP
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Chloride movement out of the cell
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Na+ movement into the cell
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
A 50-year-old male sustained a closed head injury as a result of a motor vehicle accident. CT scan revealed a collection of blood between the inner surface of the dura mater and the surface of the brain. Which type of injury will the nurse be caring for?
Respuesta
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Epidural hematoma
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Abrasion
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Contusion
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Subdural hematoma
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Mutations that do not change the amino acid sequence and thus have no consequence are termed _____ mutations.
Respuesta
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Silent
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Frameshift
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Spontaneous
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Missense
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
A report comes back indicating that muscular atrophy has occurred. A nurse recalls that muscular atrophy involves a decrease in muscle cell:
Respuesta
-
Vacuoles
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Number
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Size
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Lipofuscin
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Which of these conditions follows a multifactorial pattern of inheritance?
Respuesta
-
Marfan syndrome
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Down syndrome
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Coronary artery disease
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Tay-Sachs disease
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
A person's phenotype can be best described as:
Respuesta
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Traits that are observable or apparent
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Traits that are inherited in a dominant pattern
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Traits that are inherited in a recessive pattern
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The genetic make up of an individual
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is the nurse describing?
Respuesta
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Maternal nondisjunction
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Paternal translocations
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Maternal translocations
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Paternal nondisjunction
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