Pregunta 1
Pregunta
An SMP can be defined as a stand-alone computer system with two or more similar processors of comparable capability.
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Over the years memory access speed has consistently increased more rapidly than processor speed.
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
The ___ chooses which block to replace when a new block is to be loaded into the cache and the cache already has all the slots filled with other blocks.
Respuesta
-
memory controller
-
mapping function
-
write policy
-
replacement algorithm
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
When an external device becomes ready to be serviced by the processor, the device sends a(n) ___ signal to the processor.
Respuesta
-
access
-
halt
-
handler
-
interrupt
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
The ____ holds the address of the next instruction.
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Small, fast memory located between the processor and main memory is called ____.
Respuesta
-
Block memory
-
Cache memory
-
Direct memory
-
WORM memory
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
One mechanism Intel uses to make its caches more effective is _______.
Respuesta
-
mapping
-
handling
-
interconnecting
-
prefetching
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
In a uniprocessor system, multiprogramming increases processor efficiency by _____.
Respuesta
-
taking advantage of time wasted by long wait interrupt handling
-
disabling all interrupts execpt those of highest priority
-
eliminating all idle processor cycles
-
increasing processor speed
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
The processor controls the operation of the computer and performs its data processing functions.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Instruction processing consists of two steps:
Respuesta
-
fetch and execute
-
instruction and execute
-
instruction and halt
-
fetch and instruction
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
The ____ is the external data by which the OS is able to supervise and control the process.
Respuesta
-
execution context
-
associated data
-
executable program
-
nucleus
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
The processor itself is not a resource so the OS is not involved in determining how much of the processor time is devoted to the execution of a user.
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Multiprogramming operating systems are fairly sophisticated compared to single-program or _____ systems.
Respuesta
-
time-sharing
-
uniprogramming
-
multitasking
-
memory management
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Hardware features desirable in a batch-processing OS include memory protection, timer, privileged instructions and ______.
Respuesta
-
clock cycles
-
associated data
-
interrupts
-
kernels
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
• A common strategy to give each process in the queue some time in turn is referred to as a _____ technique.
Respuesta
-
multi-threading
-
serial processing
-
time slicing
-
round-robin
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
The technique where a system clock generates interrupts, and at each clock interrupt the OS regains control and assigns the processor to another user is _____.
Respuesta
-
clock cycle
-
time slicing
-
round-robin
-
multithreading
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
______ is where the OS must prevent independent processes from interfering with each other’s memory, both data and instructions.
Respuesta
-
Protection and access control
-
Support of modular programming
-
Process isolation
-
Automatic allocation and management
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
The phrase "control is passed to a job" means that the processor is now fetching and executing instructions from the monitor program.
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
The key to success of Linux has been its availability for free under the auspice of the _______.
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Both batch processing and time-sharing use multiprogramming.
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
If a system does not employ virtual memory each process to be executed must be fully loaded into main memory.
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
It is the principal responsibility of the ____ to control the execution of processes.
Respuesta
-
OS
-
process control block
-
memory
-
dispatcher
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
The ____ is the less-privileged mode.
Respuesta
-
user mode
-
kernel mode
-
system mode
-
control mode
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
The portion of the operating system that selects the next process to run is called the ____.
Respuesta
-
trace
-
process control block
-
dispatcher
-
PSW
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The collection of program, data, stack, and attributes is referred to as the ____.
Respuesta
-
process structure
-
process control block
-
process location
-
process image
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
A process in the [blank_start]ready[blank_end] state is in main memory and available for execution.
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
The process control block is the least important data structure in an OS.
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
When a process is in the ____ state it is in secondary memory but is available for execution as soon as it is loaded into main memory.
Respuesta
-
Blocked
-
Blocked/Suspend
-
Ready
-
Ready/Suspend
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
A total of ____ process states are recognized by the UNIX SVR4 operating system.
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
The principal function of the OS is to create, manage, and terminate processes.
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
In a multithreaded environment, a _____ is defined as the unit of resource allocation and a unit of protection.
Respuesta
-
strand
-
process
-
string
-
trace
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
_____ is a good example of an OS using a combined ULT/KLT approach.
Respuesta
-
TRIX
-
Windows
-
LINUX
-
Solaris
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
A ____ is a user-created unit of execution within a process.
Respuesta
-
Kernel
-
KLT
-
lightweight process
-
ULT
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
The _____ are the fundamental entities that can be scheduled and dispatched to run on one of the system processors.
Respuesta
-
Processes
-
Kernel threads
-
LWPs
-
ULTs
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
A ____ is a dispatchable unit of work that executes sequentially and is interruptible so that the processor can turn to another thread.
Respuesta
-
port
-
process
-
token
-
thread
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
A Windows process must contain at least ___ thread(s) to execute.
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
It takes less time to terminate a process than a thread.
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
The blocked state in which the process is waiting for an event, such as the end of an I/O operation, the availability of a resource, or a signal from another process is the ____ state.
Respuesta
-
Times and timers
-
Uninterruptible
-
Stopped
-
Interruptible
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
The ____ state is when the thread has terminated.
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Any alteration of a resource by one thread affects the environment of the other threads in the same process.
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
As an extension of the principles of modular design and structured programming, some applications can be effectively programmed as a set of concurrent processes.
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
A situation in which a runnable process is overlooked indefinitely by the scheduler, although it is able to proceed, is _____.
Respuesta
-
mutual exclusion
-
deadlock
-
starvation
-
livelock
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
A semaphore that does not specify the order in which processes are removed from the queue is a _____ semaphore.
Respuesta
-
weak
-
general
-
strong
-
binary
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
A ____ is a data type that is used to block a process or thread until a particular condition is true.
Respuesta
-
deadlock
-
general semaphore
-
condition variable
-
mutex
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
The _____ is a programming language construct that provides equivalent functionality to that of semaphores and is easier to control.
Respuesta
-
atomic operation
-
co-routine
-
critical section
-
monitor
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
The requirement that when one process is in a critical section that accesses shared resources, no other process may be in a critical section that accesses any of those shared resources is ____.
Respuesta
-
critical section
-
linelock
-
mutual exclusion
-
atomic operation
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
The sharing of main memory among processes is useful to permit efficient and close interaction among processes because such sharing does not lead to any problems.
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
The case of cooperation by sharing covers processes that interact with other processes without being explicitly aware of them.
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
The management of multiple processes within a uniprocessor system is ___.
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
The term ____ refers to a technique in which a process can do nothing until it gets permission to enter its critical section but continues to execute an instruction or set of instructions that tests the appropriate variable to gain entrance.
Respuesta
-
spin waiting
-
general semaphore
-
critical resource
-
message passing
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
The most common technique used for protecting a critical section in Linux is the _____.
Respuesta
-
singal
-
atomic bitmap operation
-
atomic integer operation
-
spinlock
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Interrupts, signals, messages, and information in I/O buffers are all example of reusable resources.
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
Requested resources are granted to processes whenever possible with _____.
Respuesta
-
deadlock detection
-
preemption
-
mutual exclusion
-
deadlock avoidance
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
The ____ allows multiple threads to have simultaneous read-only access to an object protected by the lock.
Respuesta
-
barrier
-
condition variable
-
readers/writer lock
-
mutex
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
Examples of ___ include processors, I/O channels, main and secondary memory, devices, and data structures such as files, databases, and semaphores.
Respuesta
-
regional resources
-
joint resources
-
reusable resources
-
consumable resources
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
A closed chain of processes exists, such that each process holds at least one resource needed by the next process in the chain is the condition of ____.
Respuesta
-
no preemption
-
mutual exclusion
-
circular wait
-
hold and wait
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
The strategy of deadlock ____ is to design a system in such a way that the possibility of deadlock is excluded.
Respuesta
-
prevention
-
detection
-
diversion
-
avoidance
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
One of the most significant contributions of UNIX to the development of operating systems is the ____.
Respuesta
-
semaphore
-
pipe
-
message
-
shared memory
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
Deadlock is permanent because none of the events are ever triggered.
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
The fastest form of inter-process communication provided in UNIX is ____.
Respuesta
-
shared memory
-
message
-
pipe
-
semaphore
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
In a multiprogramming system the available main memory is not generally shared among a number of processes.
Pregunta 62
Pregunta
A ____ is a particular example of logical addresses in which the address is expressed as a location relative to some known point, usually a value in a processor register.
Respuesta
-
logical address
-
relative address
-
absolute address
-
physical address
Pregunta 63
Pregunta
The page table for each process maintains ____.
Respuesta
-
the physical memory location of the process
-
the frame location for each page of the process
-
the page location for each frame of the process
-
the logical memory location of the process
Pregunta 64
Pregunta
In a system employing a segmentation scheme for memory management a process is divided into ___
Pregunta 65
Pregunta
Available chunks of memory are known as ____.
Respuesta
-
frames
-
segments
-
addresses
-
pages
Pregunta 66
Pregunta
In a multiprogramming environment the programmer knows at the time of coding how much space will be available and where that space will be.
Pregunta 67
Pregunta
In a system employing a segmentation scheme for memory management wasted space is due to _____.
Pregunta 68
Pregunta
In the Dynamic Partitioning technique of memory management, the placement algorithm that scans memory from the location of the last placement and choose the next available block that is large enough to satisfy the request is called _____>
Respuesta
-
next-fit
-
first-fit
-
last-fit
-
best-fit
Pregunta 69
Pregunta
In a system employing a paging scheme for memory management wasted space is due to _____.
Pregunta 70
Pregunta
One technique for overcoming external fragmentation is ____.
Respuesta
-
loading
-
compaction
-
relocation
-
partitioning
Pregunta 71
Pregunta
Segments may be of unequal, indeed dynamic, size.
Pregunta 72
Pregunta
A ____ is issued if a desired page is not in main memory.
Pregunta 73
Pregunta
The ____ determines when a page should be brought into main memory.
Respuesta
-
page fault
-
fetch policy
-
working set
-
resident set management
Pregunta 74
Pregunta
The ____ policy results in the fewest number of page faults.
Pregunta 75
Pregunta
The ____ algorithm requires a use bit to be associated with each page in memory.
Respuesta
-
page placement
-
working set
-
VSWS
-
page fault frequency
Pregunta 76
Pregunta
The ____ structure indexes page table entries by frame number rather than by virtual page number.
Respuesta
-
hash table
-
inverted page table
-
page table
-
segment table
Pregunta 77
Pregunta
The principle of locality states that program and data references within a process do not tend to cluster.
Pregunta 78
Pregunta
______ is transparent to the programmer and eliminates external fragmentation providing efficient use of main memory.
Respuesta
-
Hashing
-
Paging
-
Segemention
-
Thrashing
Pregunta 79
Pregunta
____ is a range memory addresses available to a process.
Respuesta
-
Address space
-
Real address
-
Virtual address
-
Virtual address space
Pregunta 80
Pregunta
____ allows the programmer to view memory as consisting of multiple address spaces.
Respuesta
-
Paging
-
Locality
-
Segmentation
-
Resident set managment
Pregunta 81
Pregunta
Which of the following scheduling policies allow the OS to interrupt the currently running process and move it to the Ready state?
Respuesta
-
FIFO
-
FCFS
-
non-preemptive
-
preemptive
Pregunta 82
Pregunta
The strategy that schedules processes based on their group affiliation is generally referred to as ______.
Respuesta
-
shortest process next
-
fair share scheduling
-
queuing analysis
-
simulation modeling
Pregunta 83
Pregunta
The ____ specifies the instants in time at which the selection function is exercised.
Respuesta
-
decision mode
-
medium-term scheduling
-
ready state
-
TAT
Pregunta 84
Pregunta
This is a decision whether to add a process to those that are at least partially in main memory and therefore available for execution.
Respuesta
-
short-term scheduling
-
long-term scheduling
-
medium-term scheduling
-
I/O scheduling
Pregunta 85
Pregunta
Typically, the swapping-in function for processes is based on the need to manage ____.
Pregunta 86
Pregunta
Response time in an interactive system is an example of:
Respuesta
-
user-oriented criteria for long-term scheduling policies
-
system-oriented criteria for short-term scheduling policies
-
system-oriented criteria for long-term scheduling policies
-
user-oriented criteria for short-term scheduling policies
Pregunta 87
Pregunta
A risk with ____ is the possibility of starvation for longer processes, as long as there is a steady supply of shorter processes.
Pregunta 88
Pregunta
First-come-first-served (FCFS) is a simple scheduling policy that tends to favor I/O bound processes over processor bound processes.
Pregunta 89
Pregunta
The traditional UNIX scheduler divides processes into fixed bands of priority levels, with the highest priority band being the ____.
Respuesta
-
user process band
-
swapper band
-
file manipulation band
-
utilization band
Pregunta 90
Pregunta
One problem with a pure priority scheduling scheme is that lower-priority processes may suffer starvation.
Pregunta 91
Pregunta
The multiprocessor system which consists of a set or processors that share a common main memory and are under the integrated control of an operation system is a _____.
Respuesta
-
tightly coupled multiprocessor
-
cluster
-
functionally specialized processor
-
loosely coupled or distributed multiprocessor
Pregunta 92
Pregunta
_____ perform static analysis of feasible schedules of dispatching with the result of the analysis being a schedule that determines, at run time, when a task must begin execution.
Respuesta
-
Static priority-driven preemptive approaches
-
Static table-drive approaches
-
Dynamic planning-based approaches
-
Dynamic best effort approaches
Pregunta 93
Pregunta
The basic idea of _____ is that a lower-priority task inherits the priority of any higher-priority task pending on a resource they share.
Pregunta 94
Pregunta
User control is a generally much broader in an ordinary operating system than in a real-time operating system.
Pregunta 95
Pregunta
With coarse and ____ grained parallelism, there is a synchronization among processes, but at a very gross level.
Respuesta
-
medium
-
fine
-
independent
-
very course
Pregunta 96
Pregunta
The ____ approach is a set of related threads scheduled to run on a set of processors at the same time, on a one-to-one basis.
Pregunta 97
Pregunta
The ____ class is intended for applications that will only consume processor time when no other threads are ready to execute.
Respuesta
-
idle user
-
time sharing
-
bottom-half kernel
-
real-time
Pregunta 98
Pregunta
______ is the time required to execute the task to completion.
Respuesta
-
Processing time
-
Priority
-
Resource requirements
-
Ready time
Pregunta 99
Pregunta
Processes at ____ priority levels are guaranteed to be selected to run before any time-sharing process but must defer to real-time processes.
Respuesta
-
kernel
-
time-sharing
-
real-time
-
load-sharing
Pregunta 100
Pregunta
With independent parallelism there is an explicit synchronization among processes.
Pregunta 101
Pregunta
The advantage of ____ is that it provides extremely high data availability.
Respuesta
-
RAID 2
-
RAID 4
-
RAID 0
-
RAID 6
Pregunta 102
Pregunta
On a movable-head system, the time it takes to position the head at the track is known as
Respuesta
-
access time
-
seek time
-
transfer time
-
rotational delay
Pregunta 103
Pregunta
The disk scheduling algorithm that implements two sub-queues in a measure to avoid the problem of "arm stickiness" is the ______.
Respuesta
-
C-SCAN policy
-
FSCAN policy
-
DMA
-
N-step-SCAN policy
Pregunta 104
Pregunta
_____ external devices are suitable for communicating with modems.
Respuesta
-
Human-readable
-
Application
-
Machine-readable
-
Communication
Pregunta 105
Pregunta
The simplest type of support that the operating system can provide is _____.
Respuesta
-
overflow buffering
-
dual buffering
-
single buffering
-
circular buffering
Pregunta 106
Pregunta
Cache memory reduces average memory access time by exploiting the principle of locality.
Pregunta 107
Pregunta
RAID 0 provides real-time backups of all data so that in the event of a disk failure, all of the critical data is still immediately available.
Pregunta 108
Pregunta
_____ is a technique that smooths out peaks in I/O demand.
Respuesta
-
Buffering
-
Blocking
-
Smoothing
-
Tracking
Pregunta 109
Pregunta
The _____ unit is capable of mimicking the processor and of taking over control of the system bus, just like a processor.
Respuesta
-
interrupt-driven I/O
-
I/O channel
-
direct memory access
-
programmed I/O
Pregunta 110
Pregunta
RAID 5 is organized in a similar fashion to _____, but is different in the fact that RAID 5 distributes the parity strips across all disks.
Respuesta
-
RAID 3
-
RAID 2
-
RAID 1
-
RAID 4
Pregunta 111
Pregunta
Typically, the only way that a user or application may access files is through the file management system.
Pregunta 112
Pregunta
_____ represents an open file associated with a process.
Respuesta
-
Dentry object
-
Inode object
-
File object
-
Superblock object
Pregunta 113
Pregunta
An objective of the ____ is to provide a standardized set of I/O interface routines to user processes.
Respuesta
-
working directory
-
file management system
-
indexed file allocation
-
file directory
Pregunta 114
Pregunta
The ____ is concerned with scheduling disk and tape access to optimize performance.
Respuesta
-
device driver
-
basic I/O supervisor
-
access method
-
logical I/O
Pregunta 115
Pregunta
The ____ file exploits the capability found on disks to access directly any block of a known address.
Respuesta
-
direct
-
sequential
-
indexed sequential
-
indexed
Pregunta 116
Pregunta
All types of UNIX files are administered by the OS by means of inodes.
Pregunta 117
Pregunta
The least-complicated form of file organization is the indexed file.
Pregunta 118
Pregunta
The ____ contains the core parts of the operating system, including system binaries, system libraries, and configuration files.
Respuesta
-
data directory
-
system directory
-
cache directory
-
mnt/sdcard directory
Pregunta 119
Pregunta
A ____ is a contiguous set of allocated blocks.
Respuesta
-
key
-
pathname
-
pile
-
portion
Pregunta 120
Pregunta
A ___ is the basic element of data.
Respuesta
-
database
-
field
-
file
-
record
Pregunta 121
Pregunta
General-purpose computer systems far outnumber embedded systems.
Pregunta 122
Pregunta
The ____ module contains the code necessary for processor startup, interrupt delivery, context switching, and other functionality specific to the instruction set architecture of that processor family.
Respuesta
-
Variant
-
Platform
-
Memory Management
-
Architechture
Pregunta 123
Pregunta
The ____ module includes code for startup, chip selection configuration, interrupt controllers, and timer devices.
Respuesta
-
Architechture
-
Variant
-
MMU
-
Platform
Pregunta 124
Pregunta
Configurability, direct use of interrupts, and real-time operation are some of the unique characteristics and design requirements for ______/
Pregunta 125
Pregunta
______ is one of the most widely used embedded operating systems.
Pregunta 126
Pregunta
A key differentiator between desktop/server and embedded Linux distributions is that desktop and server software are typically compiled on one platform but is intended to be executed on another.
Pregunta 127
Pregunta
The _____ interface allows the client to hold on to a resource until the client is notified that someone else needs the resource.
Respuesta
-
Resource configure
-
Resource requested
-
Resource
-
Resource-specific
Pregunta 128
Pregunta
A mutex is used to enforce mutually exclusive access to a resource, allowing only one thread at a time to gain access.
Pregunta 129
Pregunta
_____ has become a popular approach to implementing wireless sensor network software.
Respuesta
-
TinyOS
-
eCos
-
Embedded system
-
Arbiter
Pregunta 130
Pregunta
Virtual machines are made up of files.
Pregunta 131
Pregunta
The solution that enables virtualization is a ____.
Respuesta
-
round robin
-
virtual machine monitor
-
hyperfile
-
DalviB600
Pregunta 132
Pregunta
The ___ facilitates the translation and I/O from the virtual machine to the physical server devices.
Respuesta
-
hardware
-
memory
-
hypervisor
-
network interface card
Pregunta 133
Pregunta
_____ can power off and on physical hosts as they are needed.
Respuesta
-
DRS
-
Storage and Network I/O
-
DPM
-
Resource Scheduler
Pregunta 134
Pregunta
The number of guests that can exist on a single hosts is measured as a _____.
Respuesta
-
VMM ratio
-
hypervisor ration
-
broker ratio
-
consolidation ratio
Pregunta 135
Pregunta
The ____ approach is becoming a common way for businesses and individuals to deal with legacy applications and to optimize their hardware usage.
Respuesta
-
virtual machine
-
consolidation
-
ratio
-
round robin
Pregunta 136
Pregunta
Virtual machines are hosted via the infrastructure services in the VM kernel.
Pregunta 137
Pregunta
______ is a commercially available hypervisor from VMware that provides users a bare metal hypervisor to host virtal machines on their servers.
Pregunta 138
Pregunta
A key aspect of server virtualization is that VMs cannot be viewed as network resources.
Pregunta 139
Pregunta
The concept of ____, as used in Linux, refers to a partitioning of the privileges available to a root user.
Respuesta
-
root isolation
-
hosting platform
-
capabilities
-
processing isolation