L24 Extensions of Mendelian genetics

Descripción

Identify causes of deviations from simple Mendelian ratios. • Discuss how environmental factors may affect phenotype. • Explain how single genes can affect numerous phenotypic traits. • Explain that some phenotypic traits are affected by several loci.
Mer Scott
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Mer Scott
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
If two events are [blank_start]independent[blank_end] of each other, we use the product rule, and [blank_start]multiply[blank_end] their probabilities.
Respuesta
  • independent
  • multiply

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
What is the probability of getting an AaBbcc offspring from the cross of Aa BB Cc x Aa Bb cc?
Respuesta
  • 50%
  • 25%
  • 12.5%

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
If you observed a 2:1 ratio for a gene in offspring, what could you assume?
Respuesta
  • One allele combination is lethal and so is never observed.
  • One allele combination never leads to a phenotype.
  • One allele combination is very rare.

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Greater polymorphism in a population can be advantageous for survival and evolution.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
Choose the incorrect statement about Incomplete Dominance.
Respuesta
  • Both alleles appear to be expressed equally by all cells, showing an intermediate phenotype which is neither.
  • A cross between two F1 individuals with a blended appearance of alleles will produce offspring in a 1:2:1 ratio, where 50% of the offspring have the phenotype of a blended appearance and the other 50% display single alleles.
  • It proves the blending inheritance theory.

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Which statement best describes co-dominance?
Respuesta
  • Both alleles are expressed on the phenotype at the same time.
  • Neither alleles appear to be expressed on the phenotype, but instead an intermediate between them is seen.

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
The ABO blood antigen system is a good example of:
Respuesta
  • incomplete dominance
  • co-dominance

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
Epistasis describes the situation where one gene [blank_start]affects[blank_end] the action of another. Hence, if the gene to produce one enzyme in a [blank_start]metabolic pathway[blank_end] is damaged or ineffective, the next enzyme and gene in the chain may be perfectly [blank_start]function[blank_end] but will never produce an end product because their precursor is dysfunctional. The second gene is said to be under [blank_start]epistatic control[blank_end] of the first.
Respuesta
  • affects
  • metabolic pathway
  • functional
  • epistatic control

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
A phenotype controlled by many genes which have an additive effect is known as a [blank_start]_______[blank_end] trait, and example being [blank_start]______[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • polymorphic
  • polygenic
  • skin colour, weight, or height etc.
  • eye colour, hair colour, etc.

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
What is pleiotropy?
Respuesta
  • One gene having many phenotypic affects.
  • One gene affecting many other genes.
  • Many genes affecting the phenotype in a summative way.
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