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Creado por Zita Wormuth
hace casi 7 años
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Pregunta | Respuesta |
What are traits? | The characteristics that determine the genetic constitution of an individual |
What is cytology? | The study of cells |
What is a pedigree? | A family tree that shows the members of a family who have a particular characteristic |
What is a pure-bread? | The production of the same characteristic in each succeeding generation - homozygous |
What is a hybrid? | An offspring that is a result of a mating between individuals of two different genetic constitutions - heterozygous |
What is an allele? | An alternative form of a gene |
What is a dominant allele? | An allele that masks the effect of another allele |
What is a recessive allele? | An allele that is masked by the effects of an alternative allele |
Define homozygous | Situation where the individual has the same alleles for a particular characteristic |
Define heterozygous | Situation where the individual has the different alleles for a particular characteristic |
What is the difference between phenotype and genotype? | Phenotype: Physical characteristics Genotype: Genetic constitution |
What is [genetic] segregation? | During the formation of gametes hereditary factors are separated |
What is a monohybrid cross? | Where only one pair of contrasting characteristics is studied |
What is the 1st filial generation? | The offspring |
What does it mean if a child has XX chromosomes or XY chromosomes | XX = Female XY = Male |
What are sex-linked (x-linked) characteristics? | Characteristics that show different patterns in the sexes |
List 2 examples of X/Sex-linked characteristics | 1. Red/Green Colourblindness 2. Haemophillia |
What is an autosomal characteristic? | A characteristic which effects an autosomal chromosome (not sex chromosomes) therefore does not effect an individual based on their sex |
What is co-dominance? | Where neither allele is dominant therefore a form of blending occurs |
What are multiple alleles? | Where there are more that two alleles for a particular characteristic e.g. in ABO blood group |
What is genetic disease? | A disease that is inherited e.g. Huntington's Disease |
What is sickle cell anaemia and what is it's mode of inheritance? | A disease that occurs mainly in those of African ancestry. Results in sickling of red blood cells so they can't carry oxygen properly. Autosomal Recessive (homozygous) OR Co-Dominant (heterozygous) |
What is the advantage of being heterozygous for sickle cell anaemia if you live in Africa? | You have a level of immunity to malaria |
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