Ecological Connectivity

Pregunta	Respuesta
Protect & Maxmise	Protect and maximise the wildlife value of existing biodiversity-rich sites (Lawton,2010; Possingham, 2015)
Expand & Buffer	Expand and buffer these core areas by restoring or creating new habitats in strategic locations; and create connections, corridors and stepping stones between them (Hilty, 2006; Pearce-Higgins, 2014)
Wildlife Corridors	Continues features like river valleys or hedgerows which can act as 'wildlife highways'
Stepping Stones	Smaller, unconnected natural areas; close networks of patches that act as stop off points for wildlife on the move - for example, a series of copse or ponds in open grassland.
Restore Natural Processes	As far as possible to their full function. Natural systems provide a range of services such as pollination, cleansing of polluted water and carbon capture in healthy soils (Wall, 2012)
Ecosystem Services	Pollination Clean Air & Water Carbon Capture Food & Flood Management Resilience to Drought
Connectivity & Resilience	Make the wider landscape of farmland, urban areas and forestry friendlier (and more 'permeable') to wildlife between core sites.
Sustainable Managment	If the wider countryside were managed more sustainably, society and farmer will continue benefit from the essential services provided by the natural environment.
Habiatat Fragmentation	Reduces the capability of species to move. For example, isolated species groups may interact with each other to maintain their genetic health.
Patches	Some plants and animals live in patches which can only support a certain population size and depend on the movement and exchange of individuals for their survival.
Dispersal	Dispersal is an inherent survival strategy for many species to find new habitats to increase their distribution and abundance.
Climate Change	Changing weather patterns and climate change may also have a direct influence, amongst other factors, on the relationships and competition between species; some may be displaced. Studies have observed how species are moving in response to warming (Poissons & Ardor, 2014)
Edge Effect	Changes in population or community structures that occur at the boundary of two or more habitats. Areas with small habitat fragments exhibit especially pronounced edge effects that may extend throughout their range.
Anthropogenic Pressure	As the demands made on land from agriculture, forestry, housing and development have increased, so the space avaliable for UK wildlife has decreased (Lawton, 2010)
Landscape-Scale Restoration	The scale at which we think and act is critical. if action is to be effective, the scale must be relevant to the species, habitats and processes in the living landscape.
Human Boundaries	It is also important to recognise that whilst people draw lines on maps and define boundaries across the landscape, other species do not respect human boundaries
Freedom of Movement	The ways in which plants, fungi, bacteria and animals are many and varied. A living landscape approach aims to provide a range of features and processes which allow as many species as possible to sustain their populations and disperse (Clobert, 2012)
The Issue	Nature conservation in the UK has traditionally focused on protecting specific sites, but outside these wildlife habitats have been lost on an unprecedented scale. Despite some conservation success stories, the majority of species have seen long term decline (Maclean, 2010; Lawton 2010)
Pollination	REF
Clean Air & Water	REF
Carbon Storage	REF
Food & Flood Managment	REF
Resilience to Drought	REF

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	Creado por Heather Barker hace más de 5 años