Week 4 Study Guide

Pregunta	Respuesta
Interactionist perspective	Plays an important role in contemporary criminology and deviance theory. Deviance is viewed as a subjectively probelmatic identity rather than an objective condition of behavior.
Interactionionist literature	Emphases on two major areas... 1. The conditions under which the label deviant comes to be applied to an individual and the consequences for the individual having adopted that label. 2. The role of social control agents' in contributing to the application of deviant labels.
Primary methodology tool employed to construct our identity change process model	"Grounded analysis"
Spoiled identity	What obese people suffer from because they suffer internally (negative self concept) and externally (discrimination).
The site for field observations had to meet two requirements, what are they?	1. It had to contain a high proportion of obsese, or formally obese individuals. 2. These individuals had to be identifiable by the observer.
Initial field observations	30 to 100 members with an average attendance of around 60 members. Most of these were rejoins. Most were white females. Average age was 30-50.
Two types of data collections	Field observations and in-depth interviews.
Identity change	Must be viewed on two levels. Public and in private level.
Status cues	Status cues make up the public or external component of the identity change process
Status cues are transmitted in what two ways?	Actively and passively
Active cues	Communicated through interaction. Example: people are informed by peers friends spouses that they are overweight
Passive cues	These cues exist within the environment, but the individual must be sensitized in some way to that information. Example: standing on a scale will provide an individual with information about weight .
Recognizing	This term refers to the cognitive process by which an individual becomes aware that a particular status is no longer appropriate.
Placing	The cognitive process whereby an individual comes to identify an appropriate status from among those available
New status	The final phase of the identity change process involves the acceptance of a new status .
Self evidentiality	This refers to the degree to which a person who possesses certain objectives status characteristics is aware that a particular status label applies to them.
Identity confusion	Feeling different from others, struggling with the acknowledgment of same-sex attractions
Four stages of identity confusion	1. Initial confusion 2. Finding and applying the label 3. Settling into the identity 4. Continued uncertainty
Anorexia	20 to 25% loss of initial bodyweight occurs, resulting from self starvation alone or in combination with excessive exercising occasional binge eating vomiting and or laxative abuse
Bulimia	Binge eating followed by vomiting or laxative abuse. Weight is normal or close to normal.
Theories of etiology	1. The ego psychological 2. The family systems 3. The endocrinological
Primary deviance	Refers to a transitory of Norm violations which do not affect an individuals self concept or performance of social roles.
Secondary deviance	Refers to norm violations which are a response to societies labeling. Secondary deviation becomes a means of social defense, attack or adaption to the overt and covert problems created by the societal reaction to primary deviance.
Causes of rape	- irresistible impulse - disease of the mind
Excuses	Admit the act was bad or inappropriate but deny full responsibility, often through appeals to accident or biological drive or through scapegoating.
Justifications	Accepts responsibility for the act but deny that it was wrong
Justifying rape	1. Women as seductresses 2. Women mean " yes" when they say "no" 3. Most women eventually relax and enjoy it 4. Nice girls don't get raped 5. Only a minor wrongdoing
Excusing rape	1. The use of alcohol or drugs 2. Emotional problems 3. Nice guy image
Aryan stigma vision	Their utopian vision is of a racially exclusive world dominated by Aryans.
Responses to conformity pressures of family and friends	1. Leading a double life 2. Strategic silence 3. Selective disclosure
Managing expressive constraints at work and school	1. Avoiding others 2. False fronts 3. Strategic silence
Vocabulary of attribution	Assigns blame to them based on their individual failures rather than to the unequal opportunity structure of society
Stigma	Like homelessness, is about power or lack thereof. Might be a chronic status until the individual accumulates the resources necessary to break the cycle
Strategies of inclusion	1. Forging friendships 2. Passing 3. Covering
Strategies of exclusion	1. Verbal denigration 2. Physical posturing 3. Sexual posturing
Cult of thinness	A social formation that exists at the end of the twentieth century Promotes and normalizes slenderness and it'd attendant anxieties
Beauty norms	Responsible for producing high degrees of body dissatisfaction and a profound sense of body shame

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