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| Pregunta | Respuesta |
| Mesopotamia | an ancient region in W Asia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers: now part of Iraq |
| Fertile Crescent | the region where the first settled argricultural communities of the middle east and Mediterranean |
| Polytheistic | The belief in more than one god |
| Ziggurat | an ancient Mesopotamian temple tower consisting of a lofty pyramidal structure built in successive stages |
| Theocracy | a system of government by priests claiming a divine commission |
| Cuneiform | a system of writing developed by the ancient Sumerians about 3500-3000 BC |
| Hammurabi's Law Code | a very strict law based on a eye for a eye. Very violent and not fair |
| Patriarchal | government ran by fathers and or older males |
| Nile River | originating in central Africa and flowing north to the Mediterranean Sea |
| Inundation | the annual flooding of the Nile River. The flood river leave behind rich fertile mud |
| silt | fine sand |
| King Menes | Menes was the king from Upper Egypt who was the traditional founder of the united Egypt |
| dynasty | a family line of rulers. Runs in the family by heredity |
| Pharaoh | a title of an ancient Egyptian king |
| "Ba+Ka" | Ancient Egyptians believed the soul had three parts, the ka, the ba, and the akh |
| Mummification | it was a very important to ancient Egyptian religious beliefs that the human body was preserved. their method of preserving the body was called mummiication. |
| canopic jars | cotainers used to hold the internal organs of the deceased that was going to be mummified; the jars had lids shaped as the heads o the 4 sons of Horus |
| Sarcophagus | ormed the outer layer of protection for royal mummy, with several layers of coffins nested within, and was often carved out of alabaster |
| King Khufu | earned everlasting fame for being the pharoah responsible for the Great Pryramid at Giza which he built to serve as his tomb. |
| Great Pryramid | the largest of the three pryramids at Giza; built by king khufu; the only monument of the 7 wonders of the ancient world to survive |
| Great Sphinx | one of the largest and oldest statues in the world. Archeolotgists believe that it was carved around 2500 BC and and that the head is meant to be the likeness of the pharoah Khafra |
| Hieroglyphics | Egyption picture writing |
| The Rosetta Stone | a stone wioth writing on it in two langauges (Egyptian and Greek), using three scripts |
| Hyksos | invaded Egypt; and ruled or 200 years; introduced the horse drawm chariot |
| Hatshepsut | irst great woman ruler in history; she ruled Egypt as king not queen. Scupltures and masks show her with a false beard. |
| Akgenaten | rejected the traditional religion in favor of worshiping the Aten, or sun disc, after whom he renamed himself. He closed all the temples to the old gods and obilterated their names from monumnets. |
| King Tut | 17 year old boy pharoah whose tumb survived untouched by grave robbers; more than 3,000 artiacts discovered in his tomb |
| Ramses II | Ramses the Great reigned 67 years; fathered over 100 children; defeated the Hittites, the other superpower o ancient times ; he declared himsel a living god |
| Papyrus | reed like plant that grows on the Nile River Ancient Egyotians used to write ine |
| Cultural diffusion | the spreading of ideas from one culture to another |
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