Vocabulary

Pregunta	Respuesta
Anecdote	A short story that illustrates a concept or point and creates a connection between the author and reader.
Argument	A type of text consisting of a claim on debatable issues, background information, reasoning and evidence, rhetorical appeals, counterclaims, and responses to counterclaims
Assumption	Supposition of a unstated idea
Audience	The intended consumers of information
Bias	Tendency toward or against a preconceived idea
Blog	A website that is usually informal and independently run
Chart	A type of diagram that graphically represents data
Chronological	in order by time
Claim	A statement made in an argument that something about a topic is true
Comprehension	Ability to understand
Conclusion	A deduction made by a reader that takes the details, evidence, and assumptions presented in a text to the next logical step.
Connotation	An implied meaning of a word or idea created by the emotions and assumptions attached to it
Context	Surrounding words or ideas within a sentence or passage that affect the meaning of a word and influence how it is understood
Contradiction	A statement, assertion, or instruction in a text that conflicts with information provided elsewhere in the same text
Counterclaim	A conflicting opinion that an author acknowledges and responds to when making an argument.
Delineate	Describe precisely or set forth accurately in detail
Denotation	An explicitly stated meaning of a word or idea
Details	Facts, descriptions, and other types of information that support the key points
Diagram	A symbolic representation used to convey information, especially a drawing that shows an arrangement or relations among the parts of something
Evidence	Proof, such as facts, descriptions, and examples, that an author uses to support their ideas and reasoning.
Explicit	Describes information that is directly stated in a text
Fact	Statement of data that can be proven or verified through a reputable source
Figurative Language	Language meant to create imagery, comparison, or an association for the reader; usually a metaphor, a smile, or personification
footnote	Comment at the bottom of a page that provides additional information about something within the text
Genre	A group of related writings or other media
Glossary	A text feature usually found in the back of a book that includes and alphabetized list of key terms and their definitions.
Graph	A type of diagram that displays data mathematically
Graphic	A diagram, graph, illustration, or other piece of artwork
Heading	A title within a text, commonly used by authors to organize information
Identify	Distinguish a particular idea
Implicit	Describes ideas that are suggested rather than stated directly in a text
Imply	Indicate an idea subtly without specifically starting it
Index	A text feature usually found in the back of a book that includes an alphabetized list of key details and concepts and the page numbers where the information can be found.
Inference	a logical assumption, or guess, that can be made about a topic based on evidence, reasoning, and personal experience or knowledge
Irrelevant	Not applicable to the idea
Key Points	Ideas that elaborate on and support the main idea about a topic in each paragraph
Legend	Map feature that explains symbols and other elements that represent information on the map, such as routes, populations, and capital cities.
Logic	The framework of reasoning used to understand ideas and make sound assumptions, predictions and conclusions
Main Idea	The thesis, claim, or message that an author states or expresses about the topic of a text; the central point in each paragraph
Mood	How the elements in a text, such as word choice, affect the reader
Objective	Describes language that is non-judgemental, impartial, nonpersonal, and unemotional.
Opinion	Statement that cannot be proven; an author's beliefs, as opposed to facts or reasoning, presented in a text
Paraphrase	To explain an idea in one's own words
peer-reviewed journal	Published writings that have been analyzed by experts in the field
perspective	that narrator's or author's particular thoughts, feelings, or preceptions about people, ideas, or events in a story or text
persuasive argument/persuasive writing	argument in favor of a position intended to make the reader agree with an idea, thesis, or claim
point of view	the narrative voice an author uses to tell a story or relate information; can be first person, second person, or third person
prediction	a reader's guess of events to come or what a text will be about
primary source	a reader's guess of events to come or what a text will be about
priorities	In written directions, the hierarchy or sequence of which steps must be followed in what order; often indicated by the use of signal words.
procedure	ordered steps to follow in a set of written directions to complete a task safely efficiently, and effectively
publications	the printing, publishing, and/or distribution of a text; a published work
qualitative data	information describing qualities and characteristics that can be observed and recorded, but not objectively measured
quantitative data	information that can be counted, measured, or compared on numerical scale
query. query function	1) a questions 2) a feature in digital texts that allows readers to search for key words and topics within a text
reason	a basis or fact to support an idea
reasoning	a method or structure used to build a valid argument in a persuasive text
relevant	connected to the idea being discussed
rephrase	to explain an idea in different words
representation	a portrayal, depiction, expression, presentation, substitution, sign, or symbol of something; an artistic image or likeness.
research based	reliant on ideas backed by study
rhetorical devices	appeals used in arguments to persuade readers emotionally, morally, and intellectually.
root word	a word element, or morpheme, from which other words are built
scale	ratio of distance expressed to actual measurement
search engine	a software tool used to locate information online or within a digital text
search term	a word or words used to find information via a search engine
secondary source	secondhand account of events
sequential	Following a set order
sidebar	text feature that is set apart from the main body of a text; often includes additional information, charts, graphs, and/or images.
social commentary	use of rhetoric or themes to make statements about current culture
social structure	the system and relationships between groups in a society
stereotype	simplified categorization of an idea or person based on superficial ideas that stand in for real people and things
structures	ways of logically organizing ideas to enhance comprehension
subheading	a title of a subdevision of information within a larger division of a text
superscript	small characters, usually numbers, set slightly above a line of text; used to refer readers to a footnote of endnote that provides additional information about a topic
support	lend credibility to an idea
table of contents	text feature usually found in the front matter of a book that lists chapter titles and page numbers
tertiary source	a compilation of primary and secondary sources
theme	a broad concept or universal concern that an author address through a given medium
tone	the author's implied or explicit attitude toward a topic
topic	subject of a text
transition words	words that link ideas in a text; used to help readers discern steps in a procedure or a chronology of events, such as when things happen and for how long.
valid	proven as true
viewpoint	an author's beliefs or opinions about a topic

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