Chemistry C1 AQA Recall Questions

Pregunta	Respuesta
Complete the general formula of alkanes (where n = number of carbon atoms).	CnH2n+2
Complete the general formula of alkenes (where n = number of carbon atoms).	CnH2n
How is carbon monoxide formed in an engine? [1]	Incomplete combustion of carbon
State how nitrogen oxides are produced in the engine [2]	Nitrogen and oxygen in the air react together [1] At high temperature in the engine [1]
Explain why there is concern about the carbon dioxide released from burning fossil fuels such as petrol [2]	Because carbon dioxide causes global warming [1] the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing [1]
Scientists’ predictions of earthquakes are often ignored. Suggest four reasons [4]	It is difficult for scientists to predict: When/where the earthquakes might occur [2] The strength of the earthquakes that might occur [1] Scientists cannot monitor what is happening below the Earth’s crust [1]
What did Wegener mean by ‘continental drift’?	The continents were joined together The continents then drifted apart [1]
Suggest what ’mantle dynamics’ is and state what causes ‘mantle dynamics’ [2]	Convection currents in the mantle [1] caused by heat [1]
Describe how activity within the Earth results in earthquakes [3]	Earthquakes are caused by the sudden movement of the Earth’s tectonic plates [1] caused by convection currents in the Earth’s mantle [1] caused by the heat released by radioactive processes within the Earth [1]
Describe how lavender oil is separated from plant material [4]	The water boils[1] The oils are vaporised [1] The vapours are condensed [1] The water is tapped off leaving the oils [1]
Describe a test to show that olive oil contains unsaturated compounds (they might say ‘contains double bonds’ or ‘contains an alkene’ instead). Give the results of the test [2]	Add bromine water [1] it will go from orange to colourless [1]
To change olive oil into margarine, you need to decrease the % unsaturated fat in the oil. Give one reason why.	Any one from: to change the oil into a solid [1] to increase its melting point [1]
How do you decrease the % of unsaturated fat in olive oil (or they might say increase the amount of saturation or say turn it into margarine [3]	React olive oil with hydrogen [1] Using a nickel catalyst [1] At a temperature of about 60°C [1]
These oils can be hardened by reacting them with hydrogen. Does this make the oil healthier or not. Explain your answer [2]	Because hydrogen reduces the number of carbon-carbon double bonds [1] therefore there will be less polyunsaturated fat [1]
Describe the conditions used to produce an alkene from an alkane [2]	Alkane is heated and the vapours [1] are passed over a catalyst to produce an alkene [1]
Describe the conditions to produce an alcohol from an alkene. [2]	Steam is added to the alkene [1] in the presence of a catalyst to produce the alcohol [1]
Describe a test to show that carbon dioxide is produced in this reaction. Give the result of the test. [2]	Add limewater [1] The solution goes from colourless to milky [1].
Give two reasons why the percentage of carbon dioxide decreased in the Earth’s early atmosphere. [3]	Carbon dioxide dissolves in oceans OR marine organisms use dissolved carbon dioxide to form their shells/skeletons OR limestone was formed from the shells/skeleton of marine organisms OR plants absorb carbon dioxide
Limestone is heated to make calcium oxide. Calcium oxide reacts with a substance to produce calcium hydroxide. Name the substance. [1]	Water
Calcium hydroxide reacts with a substance to produce calcium carbonate. Name the substance. [1]	Carbon dioxide
Buildings made from limestone are affected by the products from burning fossil fuels containing sulfur. Explain why. [2]	Because sulfur reacts with oxygen to produce sulfur dioxide [1] and sulfur dioxide causes acid rain that reacts with limestone [1]
What is made when a fuel (eg. methane) burns completely? [2]	Carbon dioxide [1] Water [1]
A liquid mixture like salad dressing does not separate. Explain why not, you may include a diagram to help you to answer this question. [3]	Because an emulsion forms [1] the molecules have a ‘hydrophilic end’ which dissolves the water [1] & a ‘hydrophobic end’ which dissolves in the oil [1]
Give two advantages of using phytomining to extract a metal ore compared to the traditional method of extracting the ore. [2]	Plants will remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow [1] can release energy for use when plants are burned [1]
Suggest one disadvantages of using phytomining compared to a more traditional method. [1]	Supply not continuous as it takes a long time for plants to grow.
Describe the steps involved in the fractional distillation of crude oil. [3]	Heat the crude oil to vaporise [1] The vapours condense [1] At different temperatures [1]
What are alkanes? [3]	Alkanes are hydrocarbons [1] They have only have carbon-carbon single bonds or you can say they are saturated [1] Formula is CnH2n [1]
Describe how volcanic activity leads to the formation of oceans [2]	Water vapour released by volcanic activity [1] condensed to form the oceans [1]
How do earthquakes occur? [3]	earthquakes are caused by the sudden movement of the Earth’s (tectonic) plates [1] caused by convection currents in the Earth’s mantle [1] caused by radioactive processes within the Earth [1]
An atmosphere of argon is often used in reactions involving titanium. Explain why. [2]	Because oxygen in air would react with [name the reactant] [1] whereas argon is unreactive [1]
Poly(ethene) molecules are made from ethene molecules by a polymerisation reaction. Describe what happens in a polymerisation reaction. [2]	Many monomers (ethene) [1] bond together [1]
Which electrode do metal ions eg copper ions move to?	Metal ions (in this case copper ions) are positive [1] that is why they move towards the negative electrode [1]
Alloys are used to make the ballpoint pen. Give two reasons why alloys are used instead of pure metals to make some objects. [2]	They are harder [1] They are more resistant to corrosion
What is locked up carbon dioxide? [2]	Carbon dioxide from the air [1] formed (sedimentary) rocks [1]

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